Geog 262 FINAL EXAM

Greenwich Village

-"West Village" and "East Village" -Left (liberal) Neighborhood -Prominent in Artists, LGBTQI, community, musicians -TV shows (seinfeld, friends (apt west village)

NYC Draft Riots

-$300 or substitute (draft) -Resentment towards blacks -1,000-20,000 killed

Flat Iron District

-5th Ave - between 22nd and 23rd street - contains the oldest remaining skyscraper in NYC (1902) -bold architecture -"scram" -thought flat iron building would fall down -wind tunnel, travels differently throughout this area

Battery Park City

-9/11 -2,753 people killed -tourism decreased (back to normal in '06) -military in streets, war conspiracy theory

What is so distinct about NYC?

-A cultural crossroad -neighborhoods have distinct identities

Hells Kitchen Now

-Called "Clinton" -trying to stray away from the bad reputation -Influx of hispanic and Asian immigrants -Gentrification -preservation of old and unique buildings

Central Park

-Est. 1850's -843 Acres -"strawberry fields" John Lennon memorial -FAO Schwartz : Huge toy store -Today Show

Park 51

-Islamic community center and Mosque -Planned prior to 9/11, stalled after 9/11, many changes were made -Islam radicals are different than Islams (huge debate)

A hurricane evacuation in Long Island is nearly impossible. Why?

-LI has a huge population -bridges and public transit close as hurricanes approach -Gridlock on the island

Park Avenue

-Mixture of modern and old -wealthy area -private schools

In Class Divide we learn that since 2009, the average rent for Chelsea apartments rose 10 times faster than for all of Manhattan. What have the implications been?

-Popularity of the high rise -pristine area -Avenues is the private school in the area

Describe how the Catskills formed? What other physical features in NYS formed in a similar way?

-Softer rock eroded, more resistant rock remained -"U" shaped valleys created

Upper East Side

-Some of the most expensive real estate in the USA -Museum Mile : along 5th Ave (MET, Guggenheim) -Home to mansions -close to central park -gardens

Where does NYC water come from?

-There are 18 primary water supply aquifers underlie 4% of upstate NY -Major municipal water -"It's in the water" - bagels, pizza

Hells Kitchen (Civil War)

-Thousands of homeless and orphans -evolved into street gangs -worst slum in the history of the world

Midtown

-Times Square -Naked Cowboy (suing Naked Cowgirl) -NYC Public Library -Rockafellar Center -Thanksgiving Day Parade/Xmas tree -Major tourist Area -Empire state building

Washington Square Park

-Vibrant, outdoor street performers, young people

Financial District

-Wall street -popular for protests -"Buy nothing sunday" November

Garment District

-fashion centered -FIT -fashion week

Little Italy

-high italian population -Lambardis (popular restaurant)

Chinatown

-one of the largest chinese communities outside of China -markets with different foods, herbs, spices -Bartering common (canal st), cheap stuff is imported from China

Hells Kitchen

-slaughterhouses and factories -Poor irish population in mid-1800's -murders -filthy -"Heils Kitchen" -slum life -tenements -police in pairs

What are some of the perceptions that Chelsea-Elliott Housing residents have about the Avenues students and vice versa? Do you think those attitudes are fair or unjustified?

-spoiled, snobby, undeserving -believed they looked down on Elliot residents -Avenues students expressed regret of attending this school -stated this was their "normal" That the rich kids attend "The Worlds School". Admittance is $40,000 while the average household income for those in the projects is only $21,000/year. One child compared it to living on the Titanic due to the different classes

NYC Urban Area (3 sections)

1. New York 2. Newark 3. Bridgeport

What are the counties in NYC?

1. New York County (Manhattan) 2. Kings County (Brooklyn) 3. Queens County (Queens) 4. Bronx County (Bronx) 5. Richmond County (Staten Island)

What are the 3 items which guide the discipline, that most modern geographers believe about Regional Geography?

1. Regions and boundaries do exist 2. Ethics and religions description 3. "openness" of regions exist

When was travel writing a major contribution to regional geography by helping to create regional identities?

18th and 19th centuries

NYC Urban Area?

20.1 Million +

Which year was quiet for the USA for hurricanes?

2010

What percentage of NYC is the state percentage?

40% of NYS pop (NYS - 19.5 M)

What is the minimum sustained wind speed for a hurricane?

74 MPH

According to the reading in Lab #4, how many years do major storm events happen in NYC?

75 years

What do borough presidents do?

Advise the mayor

The Finger Lakes region is defined by which of the following geographic characteristics?

All of the Above -Glacially formed Gorges -Cultivation of grapes for wine -outdoor tourism

Which of the following is an example of an erosional glacial landform?

All of the Above -Thousand Islands -Hudson River Valley -Tugg Hill Plateau

Why was FEMA disliked by so many people in the Schoharie area following the Irene flooding event?

All of the Above -inconsistent communication -lack of communication -slowness of operation

What are regions defined by?

All of the Above -language and politics -soils and watersheds -resources

Which Physiographic Region dominates the Northeast region?

Appalachian Highlands

NYC Population

Around 8.6 Million 1. Manhattan - 1.66 Mil. 2. Brooklyn - 2.65 Mil 3. Queens - 2.4 Mil 4. Bronx - 1.47 Mil 5. Staten Island - 479,000 (only borough to decrease pop since 2010)

Hurricane danger zone is from ___________ to ___________________.

August 20th to September 11th

Who is the mayor of NYC?

Bill de Blasio (centralized system)

Which landform separates the ADKS from the Tugg Hill Plateau?

Black River

Which of the following is an accurate example of a transition zone in the Northeast?

Boundary between upstate and downstate NY cultural regions

What CAT was 1938 Long Island Express?

CAT 3

Which of the following landforms is part of the Allegheny Plateau?

Catskills

In the Northern Hemisphere, hurricanes winds spin _______ around the eye.

Counter-clockwise

Long Island is a _________________.

Depositional Landform

The creation of the Shinnecock Inlet was a result of what?

Erosion from a hurricane storm surge

The ADKS are rounded due to which of the following?

Erosion from glacial action during the last Ice Age

T or F: During the Irene event in 2011. the Gilboa Dam failed, flooding many towns downstream on the Schohaire Creek.

False

T or F: Hudson Falls marks the divide between the lower and upper Hudson River. It is located near the confluence of the Mohawk and Hudson Rivers (where they meet)

False

T or F: SuperStorm Sandy occurred during the "danger zone" of hurricane season

False

Geographers generally agree on the spatial organization of regions.

False, boundaries are based on interpretations of physical and cultural features, there are many variations of the spatial organization of regions.

The lower Hudson River Valley is a glacial landform called a:

Fjord

Some geographers argue that regions no longer exist due to what?

Forces of Globalization

How is gentrification embedded in race and class relations and social stratification? In the documentary, Hyisheem claims, "It's not racism, it's classism." Do you agree or disagree? Why or why not?

Gentrification is embedded in race and class because many people are raised to associate the black race with low classism and low social worth. While this is not true, we have normalized this in our culture. I do believe it is classism as well as racism. I think in the film it is very prominent that gentrification is trying to exile the lower class residents, which just so happen to be people of color.

Many lakes in NYS were formed by _____________ and trend in ________________ direction.

Glacial Action, N-S

"Erratics" is an example of what?

Glacial erosion and deposition

The Hudson Falls is an example of which glacial landform?

Hanging Valley

Which of the following terms refers to a glacial landform at the intersection of two glacial valleys?

Hanging Valley

Which Hurricane hazard was the most problematic in the northeast region during Irene?

Heavy Rains

The filmmaker chooses to interview a number of subjects but puts particular emphasis on interviewing youth from both sides of the 'divide'. Do you think this is an effective choice? Why or why not?

I think interviewing children is an extremely effective choice because kids have little to no concept of social status, money, or even race. They just want to make friends, and with the divide between these people, kids have a natural curiosity as to why these kids arent friends.

How have humans overcome spatial isolation?

Increasing technology and connectivity

Which of the following is NOT a correct example of hierarchy of regions?

Interior lowlands - Maine - Portland

Why is gentrification emotive and controversial? Justify your response with specific references to the documentary.

It is controversial because of the huge social divide between Avenues students, and Elliot housed people. The income difference, as well as the racial divide that is extremely evident. West Chelsea is solely focused on increasing revenue and benefits for the upper class, and is giving no attention or help to the residents who were here far before the High Line and Avenues.

Which of the following is accurate about the Irene event when it hit the Northeast region?

It was slow moving and had a large areal extent

Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean (NE region included) is from _______ to ___________.

June 1st - Nov 30th

How is NYC mainly politicized?

Liberal - 68% Democrats

Who makes the decision and orders a mandatory evacuation due to an incoming hurricane?

Local governments

Hurricanes are part of which type of atmospheric system?

Low Pressure Systems

What other states sometimes are included in this region?

Maryland and Deleware

Long Island, Marthas Vineyard, and Cape cod are all examples of what?

Moraines

Which of the following is a correct example of hierarchy of regions?

NE - Mass - Boston

According to the map shown in class, the area of the NE with the most hurricane strikes?

NJ shore and LI

Was the Mohawk river glacially formed?

NO

What is the name of the 90º bend in the coastline that makes the NYC so susceptible to hurricanes?

NY/NJ Bight

What are the top 2 cities considered most vulnerable to hurricanes?

NYC and Miami

Which state in the northeast has the highest population density?

New Jersey

What is a functional region?

Node of activity

The most dangerous, strongest part of a hurricane in the Northern Hemisphere is the ______________ quadrant.

North-East

What physical process is the dominant influence on the (surficial) landscape of NYS as we see it today?

North/South movements to create lakes/mountains/valleys.

What states make up the Northeast region as defined in class?

Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Connecticut, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Maine

Regional geography, by nature is _______________.

Qualitative

Most of NYS is underlaid by what type of rock?

Sedimentary

The study of regions in the 19th and 20th centuries led to the discipline tradition of which of these?

Spatial Science

What was the role of the High Line in the gentrification of West Chelsea? How has the High Line changed the neighborhood overall (think about both positive and negative impact)? Justify your responses with references to the film

The High line reconfigured the area of West Chelsea, bringing in a whole new crowd of people. This development of the High Line brought in a wave of largely wealthy people, and in essence, gentrified the lower income neighborhood, who were mainly people of color. While the High line may have positively impacted the economy in West Chelsea, it has put others wants above some peoples needs.

Why are there fuzzy boundaries in and around NYC?

There are mapped out official boundaries, but it also relates to the similar culture relating to the area. Also, many people commute into the city for work, which adds to the fuzzy boundary.

What do you think about Yasemin's 115 steps project? What does dialogue across divides achieve?

This project allows people to get a sense of how close to home this divide hits the residents of the Elliot houses. There are 115 steps between the low income housing in West Chelsea, and "The Worlds School" - Avenues. This project is meant to achieve things such as recognition to the divide in Chelsea, and how prominent it is.

T or F: Generally speaking, in the immediate aftermath of a hurricane disaster, some environmental regulations are ignored

True

T or F: Metro areas are a good example of a fuzzy boundary because since it is difficult to identify the change from urban to rural

True

T or F: Super Storm Sandy made landfall on the New Jersey shore

True

T or F: The storm surge is the most dangerous part of a hurricane, especially along the coast

True

T or F: Travel writing created cultural stereotypes

True

Which of the following is considered to be the fuel of a hurricane?

Warm ocean waters

Given what you know about the changing face of Chelsea do you think it is inevitable that these families will get pushed out of neighborhood? Justify your response.

While I would like to believe no, I do think these families will get relocated eventually. People who have wealth are going to advance West Chelsea so fast, that Elliot residents won't be able to keep up with the changes (money based).

Hurricanes are categorized into CAT 1 through CAT 5, using which of the following characteristics?

Wind Speed