Geography Chapter 4
1
According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the proportion of people in developing countries with food intakes below 2,200 calories per day was at what percent in 1998? Question 3 options: 1) 10 percent 2) 57 percent 3) 69 percent 4) 74 percent
1
According to the text, the obesity epidemic is particularly prevalent among what group? Question 13 options: 1) Young children (<5 years) 2) Teenagers 3) Middle-aged adults 4) The elderly
1
Because only approximately 250,000 people survive by hunting and gathering today, we can claim that more than 99.995% of the world's population is dependent upon agricultural production for survival. Question 11 options: 1) True 2) False
3
Between 1990-2015, according to United Nations data, the prevalence of undernourishment has: Question 1 options: 1) Increased remarkably, from 10% to 57% 2) Increased from just over 10% to just under 20% 3) Decreased from just under 20% to just over 10% 4) Decreased remarkably, from 57% to 10%
4
Farmers must often transform sloping land into a series of flat, level areas in order to farm them. These agricultural lands can look like a series of steps. What are they commonly called? Question 15 options: 1) Geometric stairs 2) Grand paths 3) Bifurcated flatway steps 4) Terraces
3
Food insecurity leads to all but which of the following? Question 19 options: 1) Hunger 2) Undernourishment 3) Effective demand for food 4) Generally poor health
3
In 'more-developed countries' ___ of workers are directly engaged in farming, whereas in 'less-developed countries' ___ of workers are directly engaged in farming. Question 12 options: 1) more than half; more than half 2) less than half; less than half 3) fewer than 1/10; more than ½ 4) more than 1/10; less than ½
2
In Southeast Asia, there is a 60 percent difference between average rice crops and the maximum that could be grown. What is this difference called? Question 7 options: 1) A Malthusian Check 2) Yield Gap 3) Intensive Agriculture 4) Extensive Agriculture
3
More expensive food can impact global hunger in which of the following ways? Question 4 options: 1) More expensive food can combat trends in declining undernourishment 2) More expensive food can most negatively impact the poorest and most vulnerable populations 3) Both of these impacts are possible 4) Neither of these impacts is possible
1
Our working definition of 'agriculture' is deliberate modification of Earth's surface through cultivating plants and rearing animals for sustenance or profit. Question 8 options: 1) True 2) False
2
Regarding geographic unevenness and the agro-food industries, which statements are true? Question 2 options: 1) Less than 2% of the world's population works in farming; most farmers engage in commercial farming (i.e., not subsistence farming); and more than 40% of workers in the USA and Canada are farmers. 2) More than 40% of the world's population works in farming; most farmers grow just enough food for themselves and their families; and fewer than 2% of people in the USA and Canada are farmers.
1
Schade and Pimental identify two factors they believe will contribute to food insecurity should the population increase to 9.2 billion. What are those factors? Question 10 options: 1) Declining land and water availability 2) Increasing fertilizer yields and water availability 3) Increasing pesticide efficiencies and land availability 4) Declining pesticide and fertilizer availability
2
The Altiplano plateau is best described as: Question 9 options: 1) the widest region of the Himalayan range 2) the widest region of the Andes range
2
The Danish economist Ester Boserup reversed the Malthusian argument by stating___________. Question 16 options: 1) Agricultural technology determines population. 2) Rather than agricultural technology determining population, it is population that determines agricultural technology. Necessity inspires invention. 3) The number of children born to the poor should be limited. 4) Population increases at a geometric rate while food supplies grow at an arithmetic rate.
2
The work of Thomas R. Malthus is popularly associated with: Question 18 options: 1) Optimism 2) Pessimism
3
What percentage of food in the world is wasted? Question 17 options: 1) 0-10 percent 2) 10-20 percent 3) 30-40 percent 4) 70-80 percent
3
Which of the following best describes Thomas Malthus' ideas of population? Question 14 options: 1) He believed in the "perfectibility of society." 2) Population increases at an arithmetic rate while food supplies only grow at a geometric rate. 3) Misery, poverty, and famine are "natural" elements that bring the population growth back into alignment with the food supply. 4) Malthus' work was socially specific for the demographic transition and the agricultural and industrial revolutions.
1
Which of the following best describes hunger? Question 5 options: 1) Hunger is not a function of a lack of supply but a lack of effective demand. 2) Hunger is not a function of a lack of demand but a lack of supply. 3) Hunger results from a lack of resources. 4) Hunger is the cause of famine.
2
Which of the following does not cause a famine? Question 6 options: 1) The redirection of food 2) A lack of food at the global scale; power has nothing to do with famine 3) The destruction of the productive capacity to grow food 4) Total neglect of the starving
5
Which of these historical processes had completed before Malthus' writing? Question 20 options: 1) Demographic Transition 2) Agricultural Revolution 3) Industrial Revolution 4) All of these occurred well before Malthus' time 5) None of these events had happened; Malthus wrote during their earliest times
