GI
A client who had surgery for a ruptured appendix develops peritonitis. What clinical findings related to peritonitis should the nurse expect the client to exhibit? (Select all that apply.) 1.Fever 2.Hyperactivity 3.Extreme hunger 4.Urinary retention 5.Abdominal muscle rigidity
1.Fever 5.Abdominal muscle rigidity
A nurse is assisting a client to plan a therapeutic diet that is high in vitamin C. What excellent sources of vitamin C should be included in the plan? (Select all that apply.) 1. Lettuce 2.Oranges 3.Broccoli 4.Apricots 5.Strawberries
2.Oranges 3.Broccoli 5.Strawberries
A client is to be discharged after a laser laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The nurse evaluates that the discharge instructions are understood when the client states: 1."I should stay on a full liquid diet for three days." 2."The sites will have a moderate amount of bloody drainage for about three days." 3."I should change the dressings once a day for one week." 4."I may have mild shoulder pain for about a week."
4."I may have mild shoulder pain for about a week."
A client diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is being treated with antacid therapy. When teaching the client about the therapy, the nurse reinforces that antacid tablets: 1.Are as effective as the liquid form 2.Should be taken one hour before meals 3.Should be taken only at four-hour intervals 4.Are known to interfere with the absorption of other drugs
4.Are known to interfere with the absorption of other drugs
Famotidine (Pepcid) is prescribed for a client with peptic ulcer disease. The client asks the nurse what this medication does. The nurse responds, "It: 1.Increases gastric motility. 2.Neutralizes gastric acidity. 3.Facilitates histamine release. 4.Inhibits gastric acid secretion
4.Inhibits gastric acid secretion
A client who recently immigrated to the United States has a chronic vitamin A deficiency. What information about vitamin A should the nurse consider when assessing this client for clinical indicators of this deficiency? 1.Vitamin A is an integral part of the retina's pigment called melanin. 2.It is a component of the rods and cones, which control color visualization. 3.Vitamin A is the material in the cornea that prevents the formation of cataracts. 4.It is a necessary element of rhodopsin, which controls responses to light and dark environments
4.It is a necessary element of rhodopsin, which controls responses to light and dark environments
A client is scheduled for ligation of hemorrhoids. Which diet does the nurse expect to be prescribed in preparation for this surgery? 1 Bland 2 Clear liquid 3 High-protein 4.Low-residue
4.Low-residue
A nurse is evaluating a client who has been receiving medical intervention for the diagnosis of Crohn's disease. Which expected outcome is most important for this client? 1.Does skin care 2.Takes oral fluids 3.Gains a half pound per week 4.Experiences less abdominal cramping
3.Gains a half pound per week
The nurse teaches the client about foods to help prevent constipation after pelvic surgery. Which foods selected by the client indicate that the teaching is understood? (Select all that apply.) 1.Ripe bananas 2.Milk products 3.Green vegetables 4.Creamed potatoes 5.Whole grain bread
3.Green vegetables 5.Whole grain bread
A client is admitted with the diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. For which clinical manifestations should a nurse assess the client? (Select all that apply.) 1.Jaundice 2.Acute pain 3.Hypertension 4.Hypoglycemia 5.Increased amylase
1.Jaundice 2.Acute pain 5.Increased amylase
A client is diagnosed with gastric cancer, and a subtotal gastrectomy is performed. After surgery the client begins to hemorrhage. What clinical findings support the nurse's conclusion that the client is experiencing hypovolemic shock? (Select all that apply.) 1.Oliguria 2.Bradypnea 3.Diaphoresis 4.Tachycardia 5.Hypertension
1.Oliguria 3.Diaphoresis 4.Tachycardia
A client is admitted to the hospital with a history of cancer of the liver and jaundice. In relation to the jaundice, the nurse expects the client to report the presence of: 1.Pruritus 2.Diarrhea 3.Blurred vision 4.Bleeding gums
1.Pruritus
A client follows a vegetarian diet and must compensate for the lack of vitamin B12 found in food of animal origin. Which food should the nurse encourage the client to consume each day? 1.One orange 2.One glass of soy milk 3.Two handfuls of nuts 4.Two servings of green vegetables
2.One glass of soy milk
A client with a history of alcoholism and cirrhosis is admitted with severe dyspnea as a result of ascites. The nurse concludes that the ascites is most likely the result of increased: 1.Secretion of bile salts 2.Pressure in the portal vein 3.Interstitial osmotic pressure 4.Production of serum albumin
2.Pressure in the portal vein
A client with severe Crohn's disease develops a small bowel obstruction. Which clinical finding should the nurse expect the client to report? 1.Bloody vomitus 2.Projectile vomiting 3.Bleeding with defecation 4.Pain in the left lower quadrant
2.Projectile vomiting
A nurse is caring for a client who had a gastroscopy. What response indicates a major concern associated with this surgery? 1.Projectile vomiting 2.Increased gastrointestinal (GI) motility 3.Abdominal distention 4.Difficulty swallowing
3.Abdominal distention
A nurse is planning a community health program about screening for cancer. Which information recommended by the American Cancer Society (ACS) should the nurse include? 1.Mammography should be performed annually after age 35 years for women. 2.Fecal occult blood testing should be performed yearly beginning at age 50 years. 3.Breast self-examination should be performed monthly beginning at age 30 years. 4.Digital rectal exams and Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) testing should be done yearly after age 40 for men
2.Fecal occult blood testing should be performed yearly beginning at age 50 years.
A client with Crohn's disease is admitted to the hospital with abdominal pain, fever, poor skin turgor, and diarrhea, with 10 stools in the past 24 hours. Which signs are evidence that the client probably is dehydrated? (Select all that apply.) 1.Moist skin 2.Sunken eyes 3.Decreased apical pulse 4.Dry mucous membranes 5.Increased blood pressure
2.Sunken eyes 4.Dry mucous membranes
A client is admitted via the emergency department with the tentative diagnosis of diverticulitis. Which test commonly is prescribed to assess for this problem? 1.Computed tomography (CT) scan 2.Gastroscopy 3.Colonoscopy 4.Barium enema
1.Computed tomography (CT) scan
To help prevent long-term complications associated with gastric bypass surgery, the nurse needs to educate the client. Identify the factors that should be included in the nurse's teaching plan for this client. (Select all that apply.) 1.Eat foods rich in calcium. 2.Ingest three small feedings daily. 3.Limit fluids to 1500 mL daily. 4.Consume a diet high in protein. 5.Receive vitamin B12 injections routinely
1.Eat foods rich in calcium. 4.Consume a diet high in protein. 5.Receive vitamin B12 injections routinely
During a client's paracentesis, 1500 mL of fluid is removed. The nurse monitors the client for which sign of a potentially severe response? 1.Abdominal girth decrease 2.Mucous membranes becoming drier 3.Heart rate increases from 80 to 135 4.Blood pressure rises from 130/70 to 190/80
3.Heart rate increases from 80 to 135
The menu for a client with malabsorption syndrome must be limited because of a sensitivity to gluten. Which foods cannot be served to this client? (Select all that apply.) 1.Cheese omelet 2.Creamed spinach 3.Roast beef sandwich 4.Chicken noodle soup 5.Spaghetti and meatballs
3.Roast beef sandwich 4.Chicken noodle soup 5.Spaghetti and meatballs
A client says, "I take baking soda in water when I get heartburn." The nurse suggests an antacid containing aluminum and magnesium hydroxide instead of baking soda. What is the advantage these antacids have over baking soda? 1.They contain little, if any, sodium. 2.Absorption by the stomach mucosa is markedly enhanced. 3.There is no direct effect on the systemic acid-base balance when taken as directed. 4.Fewer side effects, such as diarrhea or constipation, are experienced when they are used properly.
3.There is no direct effect on the systemic acid-base balance when taken as directed.
A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis and alcoholism. The client asks, "What does my drinking have to do with my diagnosis?" What effect of alcohol should the nurse include when responding? 1.Promotes the formation of calculi in the cystic duct 2.Stimulates the pancreas to secrete more insulin than it can immediately produce 3.Alters the composition of enzymes so they are capable of damaging the pancreas 4.Increases enzyme secretion and pancreatic duct pressure that causes backflow of enzymes into the pancreas
4.Increases enzyme secretion and pancreatic duct pressure that causes backflow of enzymes into the pancreas
A nurse is assisting a health care provider to perform a sigmoidoscopy. In which position should the nurse place the client for this procedure? 1.Sims 2.Prone 3.Lithotomy 4.Knee-chest
4.Knee-chest
A client has circumgastric banding, a bariatric surgical procedure. The nurse provides discharge teaching about signs and symptoms of dumping syndrome and includes what physiological response? 1.Fever 2.Vomiting 3.Palpitations 4.Constipation
3.Palpitations
Which interventions should the nurse anticipate will be prescribed initially for a client who had a hemorrhoidectomy? (Select all that apply.) 1.Giving an enema 2.Applying moist heat 3.Administering stool softeners 4.Encouraging showers as needed 5.Providing occlusive dressings to the area
2.Applying moist heat 3.Administering stool softeners
A client develops peritonitis and sepsis after the surgical repair of a ruptured diverticulum. What signs should the nurse expect when assessing the client? (Select all that apply.) 1.Fever 2.Tachypnea 3.Hypertension 4.Abdominal rigidity 5.Increased bowel sounds
1.Fever 2.Tachypnea 4.Abdominal rigidity
When performing the initial history and physical examination of a client with a tentative diagnosis of peptic ulcer, the nurse expects the client to describe the pain as: 1.Gnawing epigastric pain or boring pain in the back 2.Located in the right shoulder and preceded by nausea 3.Sudden, sharp abdominal pain, increasing in intensity 4.Heartburn and substernal discomfort when lying down
1.Gnawing epigastric pain or boring pain in the back
A client is admitted to the ambulatory surgery unit for a liver biopsy. The nurse recalls that which assessment finding will be a cause for the biopsy to be postponed? 1.Signs of bruising 2.Visible hyperactivity 3.Lethargy on the morning of the test 4.Foods high in vitamin K consumed on the day before the test
1.Signs of bruising
A nurse is preparing to administer a nasogastric tube feeding. List the steps of the procedure in the order in which they should be performed. 1.Verify the solution to be administered. 2.Wash the hands 3.Document the client's response to the procedure 4.Aspirate the contents of the stomach. 5.Instill the prescribed solution.
1.Wash the hands 2.Verify the solution to be administered. 3.Aspirate the contents of the stomach. 4.Instill the prescribed solution 5.Document the client's response to the procedure
Discharge instructions for the client diagnosed with cirrhosis with varices should include information about the importance of: (Select all that apply.) 1.Adhering to a low carbohydrate diet 2.Avoiding aspirin and aspirin containing products 3.Limiting alcohol consumption to two drinks weekly 4.Avoiding acetaminophen and products containing acetaminophen 5.Avoiding coughing, sneezing, and straining to have a bowel movement
2.Avoiding aspirin and aspirin containing products 4.Avoiding acetaminophen and products containing acetaminophen 5.Avoiding coughing, sneezing, and straining to have a bowel movement
Steroid therapy is prescribed for a client with an exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. The nurse evaluates that teaching is effective when the client says, "I should take this medicine: 1.At bedtime with a snack." 2.In the early morning with food." 3.One hour before or two hours after eating." 4.By dividing it into equal parts for each meal."
2.In the early morning with food."
A nurse is teaching a group of adults about the signs and symptoms of colorectal cancer. What is the most common clinical manifestation that the nurse should include in the teaching program? 1.Rectal bleeding 2.Abdominal pain 3.Change in bowel habits 4.Alteration in caliber of stools
3.Change in bowel habits
