Gilded Age & Industrialization
If the Chinese Exclusion Act had already been passed in America, why did Mayor Phelan feel the need to write this letter?
It was only temporary and needed to be voted on again to continue.
How did a few men become extremely wealthy during the Gilded Age?
They reduced competition between companies by forming monopolies or fixing prices.
Immigrants who arrived after the Civil War had __________________ compared to earlier waves of immigrants to the United States.
different religious, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds
What factors gave rise to the growth of labor unions during the Gilded Age? Select all that apply.
10-hour workdays and 6-day work weeks. The lack of a minimum wage, retirement benefits, or unemployment protection. The brutal conditions of industrial wage-work.
Unlike other businessmen in the past who built their company from the ground up, JP Morgan's strategy was to
Buy and consolidate companies to yield more profit.
How would Carnegie likely respond to Sumner's thoughts on Social Darwinism?
Carnegie would mostly agree with Sumner, but would add that the wealthy should look after the weaker members of society.
China had many factors that could have made it an industrial power. Why?
China had a rich history of art, poetry, and culture, China had a robust economy with strong imports and free enterprise, China had the biggest population in the world, China had a long culture of invention
How did eugenics affect immigration policy?
Congress banned certain groups of people from immigrating, including people from China and Eastern and Southern Europe.
What conclusion can you make about the Industrial Revolution?
England was the first to use factories on a large scale, but other countries industrialized as well.
How did Indian textiles contribute to the growth of European industrialization?
European companies wanted to compete with the cheap textiles from India, so they found ways to produce cotton textiles cheaper and faster with machines.
What argument does the author give in favor of Social Darwinism?
He says that it will make the best people successful and make society advance.
What argument does Mayor Phelan give in favor of the renewal of the Chinese Exclusion Act?
He says that most white Californians support it because it will protect their jobs and culture.
Why did the wages in Europe contribute to the development of the Industrial Revolution?
High wages in Europe made companies want to find ways to use machines to do work faster and cheaper.
Select the two tactics that Andrew Carnegie used to grow his steel business.
Horizontal Integration and Vertical Combination
If Andrew Carnegie were shown these photographs, which statement would he MOST likely make?
If these men were left to themselves, they would waste their time. It is up to the wealthy to provide work and assistance.
Why was coal important to industrialization in Europe?
It fueled everything from steam engines to factories to railroads.
What makes the Spinning Jenny historically significant?
It made it more efficient to spin cloth and led to the development of more factories.
"The innovations of the Industrial Revolution were intimately interconnected." Which statement is the best example of this main idea?
New steam engines cleared water out of mines, which led to more coal for factories, which led to faster production.
How does Nietzsche's opinion differ from that of Sumner and Carnegie?
Nietzsche felt the weaker members of society had value because of their different perspectives.
Which of the following policies supported by the Populists would have most directly helped reduce the debt burden of farmers by increasing the rate of inflation?
The free coinage of silver in addition to gold.
1. Europeans had a superior culture. 2. Only Europe had a culture of science and invention. 3. Europe's free political institutions fostered creativity. 4. Europe's small population created demand for labor-saving processes. Why do these reasons show a Eurocentric bias?
They suggest that other cultures around the world were inferior, which is not true.
What was a key difference between Granges and Farmers' Alliances?
Unlike Granges, Farmers Alliances sponsored and help elect political candidates.
Why did labor strikes become a regular occurrence during the Gilded Age?
Workers were paid little and had to work long hours in bad conditions.
Why is the steam engine an example to illustrate how revolutionary the Industrial Revolution was?
because it has not been majorly improved since its invention
Which FIVE parts of the modern American lifestyle can be traced back to the Industrial Revolution?
buying fruit in the middle of winter having antibiotics to fight disease getting around in cars and buses being able to get clean drinking water going to school for free during childhood
What did the homestead act to?
gave Americans up to 160 acres of land in the west as long as they live on it for 5 years and improve it
What is the pacific railway act?
it granted the union pacific and central pacific companies 6,000 acres to build a transcontinental railroad
What is the Promontory point?
the point where the railroad met to complete the track
What does the article say is the cause of the U.S. becoming the world's leading manufacturer by 1900?
the spread of a new approach to manufacturing goods that emphasized efficiency
What is the 10 mile day?
when the central pacific layed a record of 10 miles of track in one day