OB Test 2
Which one of the following is an infection in the fallopian tube? A.) Parametritis B.) Falopianitis C.) Endometritis D.) Salpingitis E.) Oophoritis
D.) Salpingitis Salpingitis is defined as an infection in the fallopian tube.
Risk factors in pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) include all of the following except: A.) Previous history of PID B.) Intrauterine contraceptive device insertion C.) Sexually transmitted disease D.) Frequent douching E.) All are risk factors
E.) All are risk factors Risk factors in PID include early sexual contact, multiple sexual partners, sexually transmitted disease, intrauterine device, previous history of PID, and douching.
A pelvic abscess will likely appear as which one of the following? A.) Hypoechoic adnexal mass with a separate normal ovary B.) Simple ovarian mass with anechoic cul-de-sac fluid C.) Anechoic adnexal mass with normal ovary D.) Hypoechoic cul-de-sac mass E.) Complex cul-de-sac mass that distorts the pelvic anatomy
E.) Complex cul-de-sac mass that distorts the pelvic anatomy A pelvic abscess is usually a complex cul-de-sac mass that distorts the pelvic anatomy.
The most common adnexal mass found during early pregnancy is which one of the following cysts? A.) Follicular B.) Theca-lutein C.) Fibroma D.) Paraovarian E.) Corpus Luteum
E.) Corpus Luteum If the ovum is fertilized, then the corpus luteum continues as the corpus luteum of pregnancy.
The T-shaped uterus is a congenital anomaly caused by which one of the following? A.) Partial fusion of the müllerian ducts (PFMD) B.) Exposure to radiation C.) Incomplete fusion of the müllerian ducts (ICFMD) D.) IUD E.) In utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES)
E.) In utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) The T-shaped uterus is a congenital anomaly caused by in utero exposure to DES.
Sexually transmitted PID is spread via which one of the following? A.) Fallopian tubes B.) Bloodstream C.) Touching D.) Serosa E.) Mucosa
E.) Mucosa Sexually transmitted PID is spread via the mucosa of the pelvic organs.
Which one of the following statements about polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is false? A.) Excess hair growth B.) Includes amenorrhea C.) Includes hirsutism D.) Includes early hair loss E.) Occurs only in the middle-to-late 30s
E.) Occurs only in the middle-to-late 30s PCOS occurs in the late teens through the 20s.
Which one of the following pelvic organs is more commonly involved with metastatic disease? A.) Bladder B.) Uterus C.) Broad ligament D.) Fallopian tubes E.) Ovaries
E.) Ovaries The ovaries are more involved with metastatic disease than any other pelvic organ.
Ovarian carcinoma is classified into four stages. Stage II is limited to which one of the following? A.) Broad ligament B.) Two ovaries C.) One ovary D.) Abdomen E.) Pelvis
E.) Pelvis Stage II is limited to the pelvis.
A dominant follicle grows at a rate of _____ to _____ millimeters per day (mm/day). A.) 2 ; 3 B.) 2 ; 5 C.) 0.5 ; 1 D.) 1 ; 5 E.) 4 ; 6
A.) 2 ; 3 A dominant follicle grows at a rate of 1 to 3 mm/day until it reaches an average of 22 mm.
A tumor that may mimic gas or feces in the pelvis is which one of the following masses? A.) Dermoid B.) Simple cyst C.) Granulosa D.) Lipoma E.) Leiomyoma
A.) Dermoid Echogenic dermoids may often be confused with bowel, because the mass may have characteristics similar to those of bowel tissue
Which one of the following cysts occurs when a dominant follicle does not succeed in ovulating but remains active although immature? A.) Follicular B.) Nabothian C.) Corpus Albican D.) Paraovarian E.) Corpus Luteum
A.) Follicular A follicular cyst forms when a mature follicle fails to ovulate or involute.
Patients who undergo assisted reproduction procedures have an increased risk factor for a(an) ______________ pregnancy. A.) Heterotropic B.) Abortion C.) Molar D.) Monoamniotic and monochorionic E.) Anembryonic
A.) Heterotropic Assisted repoductive procedures have an increased risk for an ectopic pregnancy along with a simultaneous intrauterine pregnancy called heterotropic pregnancy.
Which one of the following statements about infertility is true? A.) Infertitlity is the inability to conceive within 12 months with regular coitus B.) Infertility in 90% of patients is attributable to men C.) Infertility is the inability to conceive within 12 days with regular coitus D.) Infertility is normal E.) Infertility affects all couples in the United States
A.) Infertitlity is the inability to conceive within 12 months with regular coitus Infertility affects one in seven couples in the United States.
The partial or complete rotation of the ovarian pedicle on its axis is defined as which one of the following? A.) Ovarian torsion B.) Endometrioma C.) Ovarian carcinoma D.) Hemorrhagic cyst E.) Paraovarian cyst
A.) Ovarian torsion Ovarian torsion is defined as the partial or complete rotation of the ovarian pedicle on its axis.
Which one of the following is an infection within the uterine serosa and broad ligaments? A.) Parametritis B.) Myometritis C.) Pyosalpinx D.) Endometritis E.) Peri-ovarian inflammation
A.) Parametritis Parametritis is the infection within the uterine serosa and broad ligaments.
In the luteal phase, the endometrial lining may be thinner than expected from an inadequate level of which of the following? A.) Progesterone B.) DES C.) Follicular-stimulating hormone D.) Estrogen
A.) Progesterone If the level of progesterone produced in the luteal phase is inadequate, then the endometrial lining may be thinner than expected on ultrasound.
An infection that involves the fallopian tube and the ovary is called which one of the following conditions? A.) Tubo-ovarian abscess B.) Salpingitis C.) Endometriosis D.) IUD E.) Pyosalpinx
A.) Tubo-ovarian abscess A TOA involves the fallopian tube and ovary.
An ovary is generally considered abnormal if its volume is _____ the size of the contralateral ovary. A.) Twice B.) Three times C.) One half D.) One quarter E.) 20 times
A.) Twice An ovary is generally considered abnormal if its volume has changed more than 20 ml or is twice the size of the contralateral ovary.
Ovarian induction therapy requires documentation of all follicles greater than _____ mm in both longitudinal and transverse planes. A.) 20 B.) 10 C.) 5 D.) 17 E.) 15
B.) 10 Ovarian induction therapy requires documentation of all follicles greater than 10 mm (1 cm) in both longitudinal and transverse planes.
Simple ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women are not likely malignant when measuring less than _____ centimeters (cm). A.) 7 B.) 5 C.) 2 D.) 1 E.) 10
B.) 5 Simple ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women are not likely malignant when measuring less than 5 cm.
After ovulation, progesterone is secreted by which one of the following? A.) None of the above B.) Corpus luteum C.) Hyperstimulation D.) Follicular cyst E.) Graafian follicle
B.) Corpus luteum After ovulation, progesterone is secreted by the corpus luteum. The secretion of progesterone begins in the secretory phase of the endometrial cycle.
A specific diagnosis of a paraovarian cyst is possible only by: A.) Demonstrating a lack of peripheral blood flow B.) Demonstrating same side ovary separate from the cyst C.) CT scan D.) Demonstrating thin deformable walls E.) Intervening surgically
B.) Demonstrating same side ovary separate from the cyst A specific diagnosis of paraovarian cyst is possible only by demonstrating an ipsilateral ovary separate from the cyst.
Which one of the following statements about diffuse endometriosis is false? A.) All are true B.) Easily diagnosed by sonography C.) Common form of endometriosis D.) Endometrial tissue found outside of the uterus E.) Leads to increased pelvic pain
B.) Easily diagnosed by sonography Diffuse endometriosis is difficult to diagnose with sonography.
The normal ovary exhibits which one of the following characteristic appearances? A.) Heterogeneous echotexture B.) Homogeneous echotexture C.) Central hypoechoic medulla D.) Both a homogeneous echotexture and a central more echogenic medulla
B.) Homogeneous echotexture The normal ovary has a homogeneous echotexture, which may exhibit a central, more echogenic medulla.
Theca-lutein cysts are associated with high levels of which one of the following hormones? A.) AFP B.) Human Chorionic Gonadotropin C.) Progesterone D.) Luteinizing hormone E.) Estrogen
B.) Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Theca-lutein cysts are associated with high levels of hCG.
Which one of the following is used as a substitute for luteinizing hormone (LH) to trigger ovulation? A.) Clomid B.) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) C.) Estradiol D.) PCOS E.) Progesterone
B.) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) To trigger ovulation, hCG may be administered intramuscularly as a substitute for LH.
The fallopian tubes are evaluated by a sonographic and saline examination to determine which one of the following characteristics? A.) Duplication B.) Patency C.) Sample D.) SIze E.) Length
B.) Patency Patency of the fallopian tubes is evaluated by a sonographic and saline examination.
Which one of the following endocrine disorders is associated with chronic anovulation? A.) Theca-lutein cysts B.) Polycystic ovarian syndrome C.) hCG D.) Endometriosis E.) Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
B.) Polycystic ovarian syndrome PCOS is an endocrine disorder associated with chronic anovulation.
Sonographic criteria for a simple ovarian cyst include all of the following except: A.) Smooth walls B.) Posterior shadowing C.) Anechoic appearance D.) None of the above E.) Acoustic enhancement
B.) Posterior shadowing Sonographic criteria for a simple ovarian cyst include anechoic appearance, smooth thin walls, and posterior acoustic enhancement.
The dermoid tumor is typically associated with which one of the following ultrasound signs? A.) Mickey Mouse B.) Tip of the Iceberg C.) String of Perl D.) Sandwich E.) Silhouette
B.) Tip of the Iceberg The term, tip of the iceberg sign, refers to a mixture of matted hair and sebum-producing, ill-defined acoustic shadowing that obscures the posterior wall of the lesion.
Fusion of the inflamed dilated tube and ovary is called which one of the following? A.) Normal finding B.) Tubo-ovarian complex C.) pyosalpinx D.) A tuboovarian abscess E.) Pelvic inflammatory disease
B.) Tubo-ovarian complex Tubo-ovarian complex is the fusion of the inflamed dilated tube and ovary.
Functioning endometrial tissue is present outside of the uterus in which one of the following common conditions? A.) Hemorrhagic cyst B.) Adenomyosis C.) Endometriosis D.) Endometritis E.) Paraovarian cyst
C.) Endometriosis Endometriosis is a common condition in which functioning endometrial tissue is present outside of the uterus.
Perihepatic inflammation ascending from a pelvic infection is called ____________ syndrome. A.) Turner B.) Stein-Leventhal C.) Fritz-Hugh-Curtis D.) PCOS E.) De Quervain
C.) Fritz-Hugh-Curtis Perihepatic inflammation ascending from a pelvic infection is called Fritz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
The uterine anomaly most frequently associated with a high incidence of infertility is a ___________ uterus. A.) Anteflexed B.) U-shaped C.) Septate D.) Retroverted E.) Bicornuate
C.) Septate A septate uterus is associated with a high incidence of infertility because of an inadequate blood supply from the septum.
Which one of the following is the most common cause of PID? A.) Safe sex B.) Intrauterine devices C.) Sexually transmitted diseases D.) Endometritis E.) Postsurgical complications
C.) Sexually transmitted diseases Gonorrhea and chlamydia are the most common forms of pelvic infection.
Which one of the following statements about ovarian torsion is false? A.) Torsion frequently involves the ovary and the fallopian tube B.) Avascular with doppler C.) The left ovary is three times more likely to develop torsion than the right D.) The ovary appears enlarged E.) Ovarian torsion is usually associated with a mass
C.) The left ovary is three times more likely to develop torsion than the right The right ovary is three times more likely to develop torsion than the left.
Paraovarian cysts arise from which one of the following structures? A.) Peritoneum B.) Round ligament C.) Fallopian tube D.) Broad ligament E.) Ligamentum teres
D.) Broad ligament Paraovarian cysts arise from the broad ligament and are usually of mesothelial or paramesonephric origin.
Complications associated with assisted reproductive technologies include all of the following except: A.) Multiple gestations B.) Hyperstimulation C.) Ectopic pregnancy D.) Cervical stenosis
D.) Cervical stenosis Complications associated with assisted reproductive technologies include hyperstimulation, multiple gestations, and ectopic pregnancy.
Clinical symptoms of PID may include all of the following except: A.) Fever and dull pelvic aching B.) Fever C.) Painful intercourse D.) Decrease in white blood count E.) Irregular menstrual bleeding
D.) Decrease in white blood count Clinical symptoms may include - fever - a dull pelvic ache - painful intercourse - severe pelvic pain - irregular menstrual bleeding - An increase in the white blood count.
The most common benign tumor of the ovary is which one of the following masses? A.) Mucinous cystadenoma B.) Endometrioma C.) Serous cystadenoma D.) Dermoid E.) Thecoma
D.) Dermoid The most common benign mass of the ovary is a dermoid tumor.
Lack of progesterone production is known as which one of the following? A.) Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome B.) Secondary Infertility C.) Polycystic ovarian deficiency D.) Luteal phase deficiency E.) Luceen phase deficiency
D.) Luteal phase deficiency The lack of progesterone production is known as luteal phase deficiency.
Inflammation of the serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the viscera is which one of the following? A.) Periangitis B.) Omentitis C.) Retroperitonitis D.) Peritonitis
D.) Peritonitis Peritonitis is the inflammation of the serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the viscera.
D.) Polycystic ovarian syndrome
This image of 18 yr old patient with Hirsutism demonstrates a A.) Scattered ovarian follicles B.) Corpus luteal cyst C.) Unidentified object D.) Polycystic ovarian syndrome
B.) Tubo-ovarian abscess TOA Tubo-Ovarian Abscess appears complex in ultrasound. It begins as infection causing fever, pain continuing as it becomes an abscess.
This image of 25 yr old patient with one sided pelvic pain and fever demonstrates a A.) Fallopian tube B.) Tubo-ovarian abscess C.) Uterine fibroid D.) Cystadenoma
C.) Paraovarian cyst
This image of 30 yr old patient with left pelvic pain demonstrates a A.) Uterus B.) Hemorrhagic cyst C.) Paraovarian cyst D.) Two solid masses
A.) Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
This image of 30 yr old patient with pelvic pain and pressure demonstrates a A.) Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma B.) Ovarian hyperstimulation ovary C.) Pelvic spleen D.) Enlarged uterus
C.) Fallopian tube carcinoma
This image of 40 yr old patient with pelvic pain and pressure, rapid weight loss demonstrates a A.) Fluid in posterior cul-de-sac B.) Normal tube C.) Fallopian tube carcinoma D.) Pregnancy
A mucinous cystadenoma is all of the following except: A.) Unilateral B.) All are correct C.) Most common cystic tumor D.) Large cystic mass with multilocular cystic spaces E.) Thick irregular walls, echogenic tip of iceberg calcifications
E.) Thick irregular walls, echogenic tip of iceberg calcifications A mucinous cystadenoma is demonstrated as a simple or septated, thin-walled multilocular cyst. An irregular wall sometimes thickened and/or echorgenic 'tip of the iceberg' sign, and possible calcifications are descriptors of the dermoid.
During in vitro fertilization, the optimal placement of the embryos is considered to be within 2 cm of the apex of which one of the following structures? A.) Cervix B.) Cornua C.) Uterine body D.) Fallopian tube E.) Uterine fundus
E.) Uterine fundus Optimal placement of the embryos is within 2 cm of the apex of the uterine fundus.