Government Edg Unit 2

In McCulloch v. Maryland, what did the State of Maryland argue? Banks cannot be created by Congress. States can determine which institutions within its borders must pay taxes. A federal bank must pay taxes to the state in which it is located. Banks may only be created by Congress, not by individuals.

Banks cannot be created by Congress.

The State of the Union address requires the president to update the ------------- on what is going on in the country. Cabinet Congress Supreme Court United Nations

Congress

In addition to the Privileges and Immunities Clause, Article IV, Section 2 includes the Advice and Consent Clause. Enslaved Persons Clause. Federal Approval Clause. State Approval Clause.

Enslaved Persons Clause.

Which statement summarizes the Enslaved Persons Clause? Enslaved persons who escape must be given constitutional rights. Enslaved persons who escape must be given equal protection. Enslaved persons who escape will be seized and returned to their enslaver. Enslaved persons who escape to a free state will be granted their freedom.

Enslaved persons who escape will be seized and returned to their enslaver.

Why was James Madison sued, resulting in Marbury v. Madison? He reduced the number of federal judges in the district, preventing Marbury from getting a job. He wrote an article about Marbury in the newspaper, which hurt his career as a federal judge. He disagreed with Marbury politically, and withdrew a job offer he had made. He refused to honor an appointment made by a previous presidential administration.

He refused to honor an appointment made by a previous presidential administration.

What does the Supremacy Clause do? It establishes a way to change the Constitution. It establishes rights for citizens in different states. It establishes a foundation for government. It establishes relationships between states.

It establishes a foundation for government.

Which statement about Congress is accurate? It contains only the House of Representatives. The Senate's membership is based on a state's population. It is bicameral, according to the Constitution. Membership in both houses is based on equal representation.

It is bicameral, according to the Constitution.

What would a bill of rights accomplish? It would let individuals govern themselves. It would give the government more power. It would limit government powers. It would give all power to the states.

It would limit government powers.

Read the following excerpt from The Objections of the Hon. George Mason to the Proposed Federal Constitution: Addressed to the Citizens of Virginia, written in 1787. There is no declaration of rights: and the laws of the general government being paramount to the laws and constitutions of the several states, the declarations of rights, in the separate states, are no security. According to Anti-Federalist George Mason, why would state rights no longer be protected? State governments would no longer exist under the Constitution. Local law enforcement would be too busy enforcing national laws. Governors could choose not to enforce laws under the Constitution. National laws and the new Constitution would be stronger than state laws.

National laws and the new Constitution would be stronger than state laws.

Why has the House of Representatives grown so much faster than the Senate? Representation is based on population, and the US has grown steadily. The number of senators allowed per state has been routinely reduced. Fewer and fewer representatives have been re-elected to additional terms. The Constitution requires the number of representatives to increase each decade.

Representation is based on population, and the US has grown steadily.

Read the following excerpt from Federalist #3 by John Jay. The number of wars which have happened or will happen in the world will always be found to be in proportion to the number and weight of the causes, whether REAL or PRETENDED, which PROVOKE or INVITE them. If this remark be just, it becomes useful to inquire whether so many JUST causes of war are likely to be given by UNITED AMERICA as by DISUNITED America; for if it should turn out that United America will probably give the fewest, then it will follow that in this respect the Union tends most to preserve the people in a state of peace with other nations. What might John Jay say is a potential danger associated with not ratifying the Constitution? Separate states are less likely to be economically prosperous. Separate states are less likely to preserve peace with other nations. Separate states are more likely to pass unfair taxes on citizens. Separate states are more likely to enforce laws with unfair penalties.

Separate states are less likely to preserve peace with other nations.

When an issue creates disagreement among the states, how does federalism solve the problem? Each state is allowed to make its own decision about the issue. Federal and state powers are equal, so the issue has to be debated. Since federal powers are superior, the Constitution is applied. The national government creates unique rules for each of the states.

Since federal powers are superior, the Constitution is applied.

Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State. -Constitution of the United StatesArticle IV, Section 1Which best explains the Full Faith and Credit clause within Article IV? States must recognize all legal documents issued by another state, such as a driver's licence. States must recognize the fundamental rights granted to all citizens, such as those protected by the federal government. States are limited in the types of records that can be created, for instance States cannot issue marriage licenses. States are granted permission to complete judicial proceedings and change acts created by federal branches of government, such as the Senate.

States must recognize all legal documents issued by another state, such as a driver's licence.

An important part of Article VI in the Constitution is the Full Faith and Credit Clause. Supremacy Clause. Privileges and Immunities Clause. Enslaved Persons Clause.

Supremacy Clause.

Why were the Articles of Confederation replaced with the Constitution? The Articles of Confederation did not give strong power to the federal government. The Articles of Confederation did not create a governmental structure for the states. The Articles of Confederation did not provide powers for strong individual state governments. The Articles of Confederation did not allow the federal government to deal with foreign countries.

The Articles of Confederation did not give strong power to the federal government.

Which explains why the Constitution gave Congress the power to create a system of federal courts? The Constitution wanted Congress to share power with the judicial branch. The Constitution anticipated the need for courts lower than the Supreme Court. The Constitution wanted Congress to share power with the appellate courts. The Constitution anticipated the need for courts equal to the Supreme Court.

The Constitution anticipated the need for courts lower than the Supreme Court.

Which describes how Congress affects the president's abilities to grant pardons and appoint cabinet members? The Senate approves pardons but not cabinet members. The House approves cabinet members but not pardons. The Senate approves cabinet members but not pardons. The House approves pardons but not cabinet members.

The Senate approves cabinet members but not pardons.

Which of these is the next step in the lawmaking process after a bill is drafted? The bill is sent to the president. The chamber votes on the bill. The president signs or vetoes the bill. The bill is introduced in Congress.

The bill is introduced in Congress.

Based on the foundations of federalism, why might health care continue to be a deeply debated issue? The debate is over whether the issue should be under federal or state control. Politicians argue that no single healthcare program will cover all Americans. The debate is over whether health care should affect tax rates. Medical professionals are opposed to such a generic program.

The debate is over whether the issue should be under federal or state control.

Which statement is an accurate description of the American federal system? States can make their own choices, as they have power over all laws. State and federal governments are run separately, without any overlap. The federal government informs states of what is and what is not considered legal. The federal and state governments share powers, but federal power is supreme.

The federal and state governments share powers, but federal power is supreme.

Read this quote from Article I of the Constitution. Congress shall have power . . . [t]o make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers. Which type of powers does this quote refer to, and why is this type often the source of debate? The quote refers to reserved powers, which are given to the states to interpret as they will. The quote refers to expressed powers, which are not considered either "necessary or proper." The quote refers to concurrent powers, which are difficult to implement equally in every state. The quote refers to implied powers, which are often difficult to interpret or understand.

The quote refers to implied powers, which are often difficult to interpret or understand.

What was the most significant result of the ruling in Marbury v. Madison? The ruling narrowed the powers of the federal government. The ruling determined that the Supreme Court should not hear Marbury's case. The ruling was made by Chief Justice John Marshall of the Supreme Court. The ruling determined that the Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional.

The ruling determined that the Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional.

Which statement best describes how the structure of the judicial branch affects its interpretation of the Constitution? The system of federal courts and a Supreme Court may give the judicial branch multiple opportunities to interpret the Constitution. The system of federal courts and a Supreme Court give the judicial branch only one opportunity to interpret the Constitution. The system of federal courts and a Supreme Court force the judicial branch to answer to the executive branch. The system of federal courts and a Supreme Court force the judicial branch to answer to the legislative branch.

The system of federal courts and a Supreme Court may give the judicial branch multiple opportunities to interpret the Constitution.

What was the Federalists' view of the Constitution? They would approve of the Constitution only if Anti-Federalists favored it. They did not favor the Constitution. They would only favor the Constitution if major changes were made to it. They approved of the Constitution.

They approved of the Constitution.

Which statement applies to both senators and representatives? They serve four-year terms. They can be expelled for breaking rules. They must have a college education. They are required to be registered voters.

They can be expelled for breaking rules.

How did Anti-Federalists feel about a strong central government? They favored it. They mostly favored it but had some concerns. Some opposed it and some favored it. They opposed it.

They opposed it.

Which explains why Supreme Court justices are given lifetime appointments? They give justices original jurisdiction. They protect justices from political pressure. They connect justices to appellate courts. They provide justices with unlimited power.

They protect justices from political pressure.

What is the purpose of checks and balances in the Constitution? They would keep any one branch from having too much power. They would give the president power over matters related to money. They would allow states to have equal power with the federal government. They would give Federalists and Anti-Federalists equal power.

They would keep any one branch from having too much power.

How many states must approve an amendment before it can be added to the Constitution? One-quarter. One-half Three-fourths Five-eighths

Three-fourths

After Congress has approved a proposed amendment to the Constitution, what then must take place before that amendment becomes law? The president must approve it. Three-quarters of the states must approve it. The Supreme Court must approve it. Half of the states must approve it.

Three-quarters of the states must approve it.

Read the following excerpt from The Objections of the Hon. George Mason to the Proposed Federal Constitution: Addressed to the Citizens of Virginia, written in 1787. There is no declaration of rights: and the laws of the general government being paramount to the laws and constitutions of the several states, the declarations of rights, in the separate states, are no security. Based on the excerpt, what does George Mason think the Constitution would need to better protect citizens? a bill of rights a congress a president a military

a bill of rights

Which would most likely fall under appellate jurisdiction? a case involving state laws a case between two companies a case appealed from a lower court a case between two states

a case appealed from a lower court

Which would most likely fall under the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court? a case involving the laws of a single state a case between two companies a case appealed from a lower court a case between two states

a case between two states

Writing a state constitution is an example of an implied power. a reserved power. a concurrent power. an expressed power.

a reserved power.

An important duty of the president is appointing senators. addressing Congress. creating laws. funding the military.

addressing Congress.

Which of these is an expressed power of Congress? admitting new states creating a national banking system eliminating amendments to the Constitution determining what is cruel and unusual punishment

admitting new states

Under which jurisdiction would further review of a federal court decision fall under? original appellate superior state

appellate

A qualification for president under Article II of the Constitution is being born in the United States. being born in Washington DC. living for ten years in the United States. living for ten years in Washington DC.

being born in the United States.

How does a writ of habeas corpus safeguard individual freedom? by stopping arrest and detention by allowing the accused to request a trial by jury by providing a defense for committing a crime by providing a way to avoid sentencing at trial

by allowing the accused to request a trial by jury

What does the executive branch do? make laws interpret laws carry out laws revise laws

carry out laws

The selection of federal judges by the executive branch is an example of checks and balances. original jurisdiction. advice and consent. appellate jurisdiction.

checks and balances.

Which of these is considered a concurrent power? establishing schools drafting soldiers coining money collecting taxes

collecting taxes

Gibbons v. Ogden addressed "interstate commerce," which is commerce between states. commerce between state and federal governments. commerce between steamboat operators. commerce between different parts of the same state.

commerce between states.

According to Anti-Federalists, the Constitution would make the president too weak. could make the president less powerful than Congress. could give the president too much influence. would make the president work closely with states.

could give the president too much influence.

Which of these actions is forbidden by the Constitution? creating a law ex post facto borrowing money from the government passing "necessary and proper" laws regulating trade with foreign countries

creating a law ex post facto

Which of these powers is considered an implied power? raising taxes regulating trade creating a national bank declaring war

creating a national bank

What is considered the most important power Congress holds? collecting taxes electing leaders creating laws determining citizenship

creating laws

Which is an example of an expressed power Congress holds? creating a national banking system taking away the right of habeas corpus declaring war and maintaining a military building and maintaining roads

declaring war and maintaining a military

What is the focus of Article I of the Constitution? describing the powers and structure of the legislative branch defining bicameral and unicameral houses explaining the veto and override processes reviewing the executive branch of the government

describing the powers and structure of the legislative branch

The process of approving the Constitution is best described as simple. unofficial. difficult. unfair.

difficult.

Which best describes a role of the executive branch of the federal government? governing commerce interpreting laws regulating taxes enforcing laws

enforcing laws

An inference that can be drawn from the Supremacy Clause is that state laws are superior to federal laws. federal laws are superior to state laws. judges do not have to follow federal laws. judges have to follow state laws.

federal laws are superior to state laws.

Read the excerpt from the Constitution of the United States, Article 1, Section 8. [Congress shall have power] to regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States. This excerpt reinforces the idea of federal supremacy. habeas corpus. balance of powers. judicial review.

federal supremacy.

The division and sharing of power between state and national governments is the principle of checks and balances. federalism. branching. popular sovereignty.

federalism.

According to Article I, Section 2 of the Constitution, each representative must have resided in the United States for one's entire life. be a citizen in one of the 50 American states. have reached a minimum age of 25 years old. have earned a four-year degree from an accredited university.

have reached a minimum age of 25 years old.

James McCulloch most likely supported the idea that Congress could create banks because he knew that Maryland law did not allow for state-run banks. he believed the Court should follow the implied powers of the Constitution. he supported the idea of federal supremacy. he didn't want to pay state taxes on his bank.

he didn't want to pay state taxes on his bank.

Which lists the steps involved in approving the Constitution in the correct order? i. The Constitution was sent to the states for a vote.ii. States voted on whether to approve the Constitution.iii. Nine of the thirteen original states had to approve it.iv. The Constitution became law. i. The Constitution was sent to Congress for a vote.ii. Congress voted on whether to approve the Constitution.iii. Two-thirds of Congressional representatives had to approve it.iv. The Constitution became law. i. The Constitution was sent to the states for a vote.ii. States voted on whether to approve the Constitution.iii. All of the original states had to approve it.iv. The Constitution became law. i. The Constitution was sent to Congress for a vote.ii. Congress voted on whether to approve the Constitution.iii. Three-fourths of Congressional representatives had to approve it.iv. The Constitution became law.

i. The Constitution was sent to the states for a vote.ii. States voted on whether to approve the Constitution.iii. Nine of the thirteen original states had to approve it.iv. The Constitution became law.

The purpose of the preamble of the Constitution is to establish and maintain the sovereignty of individual states. describe and enforce the powers of the confederation government. introduce and explain the core ideas of the government's important principles. define and distinguish the roles of domestic and foreign policies.

introduce and explain the core ideas of the government's important principles.

The framers of the US Constitution wrote the Preamble to establish the sovereignty of individual states. introduce the core ideas of the new government. define the roles of domestic and foreign policies. enforce the powers of the confederation government.

introduce the core ideas of the new government.

An implied power is one that is clearly outlined in the Constitution. gives the Supreme Court power to revise the Constitution. overrules the wording of the Constitution. is suggested by the Constitution, but not specifically stated.

is suggested by the Constitution, but not specifically stated.

Which government decision would best be handled at the state level? establishing trade with foreign countries allocating funding to troops issuing driver's licenses printing new currency and metal coins

issuing driver's licenses

To which branch of government does the power to interpret laws and apply the Constitution to the law belong? federal executive judicial legislative

judicial

As commander in chief, the president has the power to declare war. lead the military. fund the armed forces. call for a draft.

lead the military.

The Constitution gives Congress the power to create federal courts lower than the Supreme Court. higher than the Supreme Court. equal to the Supreme Court. unaffected by the Supreme Court.

lower than the Supreme Court.

During the State of the Union address, the president is required to report to the Supreme Court. the vice president. governors in all fifty states. members of Congress.

members of Congress.

In terms of jurisdiction, the Supreme Court has executive and appellate. original and appellate. legislative and original. original and executive.

original and appellate.

Before McCulloch v. Maryland went to court, the state of Maryland argued that James McCulloch must pay federal taxes. created the first federal bank in the state. said that only state banks were allowed within Maryland's borders. passed a law that required federal banks to pay state taxes.

passed a law that required federal banks to pay state taxes.

Read a quote from the US Constitution. The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved for the States respectively, or to the people. Which type of powers does this quote describe? powers held by the states alone powers implied within the US Constitution powers clearly identified for the federal level powers shared by both state and federal levels

powers held by the states alone

Read the excerpt from the preamble to the Constitution. . . . [A]nd secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity. According to this excerpt of the preamble, who were freedoms and rights established for? the states and elected officials foreign powers and leaders past generations present and future generations

present and future generations

One of the vice president's key jobs is to advises the Supreme Court. advises Congress. presides over the Senate. presides over Congress.

presides over the Senate.

The Constitution's creation of a national government with separation of powers prevents the national government from being controlled by one branch. eliminates overlapping or repetitive government powers among the branches. reduces government powers among all branches and gives them to the states. replaces stronger branch powers with weaker powers and grants more power to voters.

prevents the national government from being controlled by one branch.

According to the Constitution, how long is a senator's term? two years four years six years eight years

six years

Read the following excerpt from Federalist #44 by James Madison. Had every State a right to regulate the value of its coin, there might be as many different currencies as States, and thus the [trade] among them would be impeded; [unexpected changes] in its value might be made, and thus the citizens of other States be injured, and animosities be kindled among the States themselves. The subjects of foreign powers might suffer from the same cause, and hence the Union be discredited and embroiled by the indiscretion of a single member. James Madison would most likely agree with the idea that state governments should be stronger than a national government. foreign governments should have influence on state economies. each state should regulate its own trade with other countries. a national government should be supreme over state governments.

state governments should be stronger than a national government.

A faction is a group that strongly disagrees with another group. strongly favors ratifying the Constitution. strongly agrees with another group. strongly opposes ratifying the Constitution.

strongly disagrees with another group.

Anti-Federalists argued that branches of government would keep each other in balance. the Constitution would make states less powerful. the Constitution would create a Republican government. a Republic should protect people from the government and from each other.

the Constitution would make states less powerful.

What must occur after the president negotiates a treaty? the President must raise funds to enact the treaty the House of Representatives must approve the treaty the Supreme Court must rule on the treaty the Senate must approve the treaty

the Senate must approve the treaty

A limitation on the president's power to appoint ambassadors is that the Senate must approve them. the House must approve them. the House and Senate must approve them. the Supreme Court must approve them.

the Senate must approve them.

Supreme Court justices are approved by the president. the vice president. Congress. the Senate.

the Senate.

Original jurisdiction refers to the Supreme Court's authority to hear a case for the first time. the Supreme Court's authority to hear a case from a lower court. a lower court's authority to hear a case from the executive branch. a lower court's authority to hear a case from the legislative branch.

the Supreme Court's authority to hear a case for the first time.

The sources of powers reserved to the states are specifically outlined in the Tenth Amendment. the Supremacy Clause. Article I. state constitutions.

the Tenth Amendment.

The House and Senate can only pass amendments to the Constitution if the amendment receives a majority vote. the president supports them. the amendment receives a two-thirds vote. the judiciary branch supports them.

the amendment receives a two-thirds vote.

Which best defines the term jurisdiction? the authority given to the judicial branch the decisions made by the judicial branch the structure used to create the judicial branch the courts included in the judicial branch

the authority given to the judicial branch

The Constitution limits the executive branch from declaring war by giving that power to the judicial branch. the legislative branch. the leader of the Senate. the leader of the House.

the legislative branch.

Read the Preamble to the US Constitution. We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America. According to the Preamble, where does the power for government come from? the welfare the leaders the defence the people

the people

Article II of the Constitution defines the roles of the president and the vice president. the president and the legislative branch. the vice president and the legislative branch. the vice president and the judicial branch.

the president and the vice president.

Unlike the Anti-Federalists, the Federalists believed the president should be less powerful than the other two branches. the president should give more power to the states. the president should have unlimited power to govern the nation. the president should have enough power to lead.

the president should have enough power to lead.

Supreme Court justices are appointed by the president. the vice president. the House. the Senate.

the president.

Read the excerpt from Marbury v. Madison below. If two laws conflict with each other, the Court must decide on the operation of each. . . . [T]he Constitution . . . must govern the case to which they both apply. The excerpt describes the principle of judicial review. the balance of power between branches. the system of checks and balances. the limitations of the Supreme Court's power.

the principle of judicial review.

Ratification is best defined as the process of approving the Constitution. the process of supporting the Constitution. the process of writing the Constitution. the process of interpreting the Constitution.

the process of approving the Constitution.

The first step in approving the Constitution involved sending it to the states. Congress. the judicial branch. the executive branch.

the states.

What is the primary purpose of the Supremacy Clause? to outline why some powers must be implied rather than detailed to explain why state and federal powers are always kept equal to describe the relationship between federal and state powers to declare to American citizens the US is the supreme ruler

to describe the relationship between federal and state powers

Compared with the executive and legislative branches, the main purpose of the judicial branch is to make laws. to execute laws. to interpret laws. to overrule laws.

to interpret laws.

Who was involved in the case of Gibbons v. Ogden? two competing owners of steamboat companies a steamboat owner and the federal government two steamboat owners who didn't want to pay federal taxes two steamboat owners who argued with federal law

two competing owners of steamboat companies

A state refusing to follow a federal law would be guilty of refusing to amend the Constitution. refusing to ratify Constitutional amendments. violating the Full Faith and Credit Clause. violating the Supremacy Clause.

violating the Supremacy Clause.

The Judiciary Act of 1789 gave powers to the judicial branch that went beyond what the Constitution outlined. Because of this, the act was ruled unconstitutional. was an example of original jurisdiction. led to an amendment to the Constitution. overruled the Supreme Court.

was ruled unconstitutional.