Hazardous Waste (1)
ARARs
Applicable, relevant and Appropriate Requirements, identified during RI/FS phase
CERCLA 1980, 1986, 1990
Comprehensive environmental response, compensation and liability act
requirements for LQGs and SQGs under
EPA identification numbers (if you generate, treat, store, dispose of, transport, or offer for transportation of any hazardous waste), waste identification and counting, labeling, accumulation of waste (LQG 90days or less, SQG 180)
Lists
F, K, P, U
Nonspecific source waste
F, prduced by manufacturing/industrial, spent halogenated solvents (trichloroethylene, methylene chloride), Spend non-halogenated solvents (xylene, acetone, butyl alcohol)
specific source waste
K, hazardous wastes comprised of residues from specific types of chemical reactions or distillation or purification processes associated with producing wood preservatives, organic and inorganic chemicals, pesticides...(wastes from specific industries such as sediment sludge from wood preserving, oven residue from chrome yellow distillation bottom tars from production of phenol/acetone from cumene, WWT sludge from production of pigments)
MTCA
Model Toxic Control Act (WA state), covers non-NPL sites, includes petroleum products in definition of haz substances, two step process (conduct RI and cleanup standard, select cleanup action), Interim Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (ITPH) cleanup standards
discarded chemicals with acute toxicity
P, chemical substances which have been identified as acutely hazardous. commercial chemicals which may be off-specification, might have been spilled, or are a container residue. Not waste while product (fluorine, aldrin, nickel cyanide, mercury, regulated more strictly than other listed wastes)
Fed Statues
RCRA, HSWA, CERCLA
discarded hazardous/toxic chemicals
U, substances identified as toxic wastes commercial chemicals in need of disposal as a result of being spilled, off-specifications, or because they are container residue. not regulated as wastes while product (acetone, benzene, chloroform, isobutyl alcohol)
Dangerous wastes (term)
WA state term for haz waste
state and local issues
WESTLAW, LEXIS, ENFLEX/INFO
waste
a moveable object which has no direct use and is discarded permanently
characteristic waste
a waste that has any of the characteristics of ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity
types of ARARs
chemical specific, action specific (establishment of landfill), location specific (prohibition of disposal in floodplain)
CWA
clean water act, regulates discharge of pollutants into waters, priority pollutants list
pre-transport requirements
comply with DOT requirements regarding packaging, labeling, marking, placarding
LQG requirements
contingency plans and emergency procedures in the event of a spill or release, training programs for personnel
toxic
determined by TCLP test to contain levels of certain toxic metals, pesticides, or other toxic organic chemicals at or above specific federally regulated thresholds, contains leachate constituents (metals, pesticides, and organics)
hazardous waste (term)
disposal governed by RCRA
Community Right to Know Act
established as part of/parallel to SARA, provides for development of emergency response plans and data reporting by industry as well as releases of extremely haz substances
Hazardous substances (term)
found at Superfund sites
Hazardous
has the potential to cause harm to human or ecological health
HSWA 1984
hazardous and solid waste amendments of 1984, amended RCRA with Hammer Provisions which state that if EPA did not meet deadlines for promulgating regulations, tougher laws would automatically be implemented, also established Universal Treatment Standards (for LUST, UST) promulgated in 1988, required new tank designs, spill protection, required mitigation of tank failure
typical HHW
household cleaners (corrosive and flammable), automotive produces (flammable, poison, corrosive), paint products (flammable, poison)
CERCLA intent
identify national priority list (NPL) and clean-up sites
Hazardous waste characteristics
ignitability, toxicity, reactivity, or corrosivity (cause danger to health or the environment)
CERCLA haz substances
includes substances listed in RCRA, CWA, CAA, or toxic substances control act
IAP
initial accumulation point (55 gal max of waster per stream, 1 quart max acute haz waste per waste stream, transferred to accumulation site within 3 days when any limit is reached)
green
isolation and protective action zones
RCRA 3 types of generators
large quantity, small, conditionally exempt small quantity
CESQGs
less than 100 kg of haz waste per month or less than 1 kg of acutely haz waste per month
generators
manufacturing industries, gas stations, hospitals, photo developers, agricultural producers, dry cleaners
other haz wastes
mixed wastes, mix of haz and non-haz wastes, derived wastes, contained-in wastes
Waste mixture
mixture of listed hazardous waste with any other material, mixture of a characteristic waste with any other material, diluting hazardous waste with other materials is considered treatment and requires a permit
RCRA: Transporters
obtain EPA ID numbers as transporters
corrosive
pH equal to or less than two or equal to or greater than twelve and one-half, liquids that corrode steel at greater than one-quarter inch per year
white section
placards
PRP
potentially responsible parties, may have to fund or partially fund cleanup,
small produce
produce 100-1000 kg haz waste/month
large quantity
produce>100 kg haz waste/month
RCRA goals
protect human health and the environment from the potential hazards of waste disposal, to conserve energy and natural resources, reduce the amount of waste generated, ensure that wastes are managed in an environmentally sound manner
RCRA tasks
regulate the management of solid waste hazardous waste, and underground storage tanks holding petroleum products or certian chemicals, cradle-to-grave concept, generators can no longer avoid liability, aimed at waste being presently generated, manifest system and defined TSD facilities
Radioactive Wastes
regulated under Atomic Energy Act of 1854, mixed wastes fall under RCRA and CERCLA
RCRA
resource conservation and recovery act 1976
Orange
response guides
SDWA
safe drinking water act, goal to provide safe drinking water based on chemical and microbiological bases, established MCL for specific compounds in drinking water (often used in ARARs)
Ignitable
solids which can ignite through friction, exposure to moisture, or spontaneous chemical changes, liquids ignited at 140 F or less
yellow section
sorted by chemical ID numbers
Blue section
sorted by chemical name
SQG requirments
specified emergency responses plans, designated emergency coordinator on site or on call (no contingency plans)
reactive
substance unstable enough to be able to undergo violent change without detonations, or are capable or exploding under normal conditions or when heated under confinement, react violently with water, form potentially explosive mixtures
SARA 1986
superfund amendments and Reauthorization Act, 8.5 billion for NPL and 500 mil for LUST problem
TSCA
toxic substances control act, primary function was to ban polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), also allows EPA to require industry to provide data on adverse health effects of new chemicals
TSD
transfer, storage, disposal facilities
Hazardous materials
transported goods regulated by DOT