Hesi

18. A mother brings her 6-month-old infant to the emergency department with a 3-day history of gastroenteritis. What priority intervention does the nurse anticipate?

insertion of an intravenous catheter

9. A 13-year-old-child with type 1 diabetes is receiving 15 units of Novolin R insulin and 20 units of Novolin N insulin at 7 am each day. At what time should the nurse anticipate a hypoglycemic reaction from the Novolin N to occur?

in the afternoon

21. A pregnant client with an infection tells the nurse that she has taken tetracycline (Tetracyn) for infections on other occasions and prefers to take it now. The nurse tells the client that tetracycline is avoided in the treatment of infections in pregnant women because it:

influences the fetus's teeth buds

10. Famotidine (Pepcid) is prescribed for a client with peptic ulcer disease. The client asks the nurse what this medication does. The nurse responds, "It:

inhibits gastric acid secretion

4. An 8-year-old child is being given insulin glargine (Lantus) before breakfast. What is the most appropriate information for the nurse to give the parents concerning a bedtime snack?

offer a snack to prevent hypoglycemia during the night

24. the health care provider prescribes mebendazole (Vermox) for a 4-year-old child with pinworms. For which expected response to the medication does the nurse teach the parents to be alert?

passage of worms

A 16-year-old girl with sickle cell anemia is experiencing a painful episode (vaso-occlusive crisis) and has a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump. She complains of pain (5 on a scale of 1 to 10) in her right elbow. The nurse observes that the pump is "locked out" for another 10 minutes. What action should the nurse implement?

placing the prescribed as-needed warm wet compress on the elbow

A client says, "I take baking soda in water when I get heartburn." The nurse suggests an antacid containing aluminum and magnesium hydroxide instead of baking soda. What is the advantage these antacids have over baking soda?

there is no direct effect on the systemic acid-base balance when taken as directed

15. A nurse evaluates that a client understands appropriately how to take the antacids prescribed by the primary health care provider when the client states, "I will take my antacids:

thirty minutes after meals

new mother asks the nurse administering erythromycin ophthalmic ointment to her newborn why her baby must be subjected to this procedure. What is the best response by the nurse?

this antibiotic helps keep babies from contracting eye infections

A client with burns develops a wound infection. The nurse plans to teach the client that local wound infections primarily are treated with what type of antibiotics?

topical

25. A client with gastric ulcer disease asks the nurse why the health care provider has prescribed metronidazole (Flagyl). The nurse explains, "Antibiotics are prescribed to:

treat helicobacter pylori infection

30. Levothyroxine (Synthroid) 12.5 mcg orally each day is prescribed for a client with hypothyroidism. Six weeks later, the health care provider increases the client's dose to 25 mcg daily and gives the client a prescription to be filled at the pharmacy. The client asks the nurse whether the original pill prescription can be completed before starting the new dose. How many of the original pills should the nurse instruct the client to take daily? Record your answer using a whole number. ________ tablets

2

A 7-year-old child with cystic fibrosis is receiving an intravenous antibiotic. The medication is supplied in a 125-mL bag of 0.45% sodium chloride. It is to be infused over 30 minutes. At what rate should the infusion pump be set to deliver the medication in the prescribed time? Record your answer using a whole number. _____

250ml/hr

2. The health care provider prescribes daily fasting blood glucose levels for a client with diabetes mellitus. The goal of treatment is that the client will have glucose levels within the range of

70 -105mg/dl of blood

. Isoniazid (INH) is prescribed as a prophylactic measure for a client whose spouse has active tuberculosis (TB). What statements by the client indicate that there is a need for further teaching?

I sometimes allow our children to sleep in our bed at night i know i also have tuberculosis because the skin test was positive I'll be skipping the wine but enjoying the cheese at my neighbor's party

6. A client with tuberculosis asks the nurse why vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is given with isoniazid (INH). What explanation should the nurse provide?

Isoniazid interferes with the sysnthesis of this vitamin

1. A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has a finger stick glucose level of 258 mg/dL at bedtime. A prescription for sliding scale regular insulin (Novolin R) exists. What should the nurse do?

administer the insulin as prescribed

23. When caring for a client with varicella and disseminated herpes zoster, the nurse should implement which types of precautions?

airborne, contact, standard

. After an acute episode of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, a client is diagnosed with gastric ulcer. The client receives a prescription for ranitidine (Zantac) 150 mg twice a day to be taken with meals. The nurse contacts the health care provider about the prescription because ranitidine:

can be administered by a variety of routes

17. A client is diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis, and the health care provider prescribes a combination medication, Rifamate, composed of rifampin (Rifadin) and isoniazid (INH). The nurse evaluates that the teaching regarding the drug is effective when the client says, "The most important thing I must do is:

continue taking the medicine even after i feel better

What is the safest and most reliable birth control method for the nurse to recommend to a client with type 1 diabetes?

diaphragm with spermicidal gel

7. A client follows a vegetarian diet and must compensate for the lack of vitamin B12 found in food of animal origin. Which food should the nurse encourage the client to consume each day?

one glass of soy milk

20. A nurse is assessing a client with a diagnosis of hypoglycemia. What clinical manifestations support this diagnosis?

palpitations, diaphoresis, slurred speech

14. Which responses should a nurse expect a client experiencing hypoglycemia to exhibit?

palpitations, tachycardia, nervousness

31. A client has been taking levothyroxine (Synthroid) for hypothyroidism for three weeks. The nurse suspects that a decrease in dosage is needed when the client exhibits which clinical manifestations?

tremors, heat intolerance

12. A nurse teaches the parents of a 5-year-old boy with type 1 diabetes about blood glucose monitoring at home. What statement by the parents indicates that the teaching has been effective?

we'll notify the clinic if the blood sugar is higher than 200

8. A nurse administers trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) to a client diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. What should the nurse monitor to determine the therapeutic effectiveness of the drug?

white blood cell (WBC) count

Which clinical findings should cause the nurse to suspect that an adolescent child with type 1 diabetes is hypoglycemic?

difficulty concentrating, hunger and diaphoresis

A practitioner prescribes penicillin G benzathine suspension (Bicillin L-A) 2.45 million units for a client with a sexually transmitted infection (STI). The medication is available in a multidose vial of 10 mL in which 1 mL = 300,000 units. How many milliliters should the nurse administer? Record your answer using one decimal place.

8.2ml

5. A client with type 2 diabetes is admitted for elective surgery. The health care provider prescribes regular insulin even though oral antidiabetics were adequate before the client's hospitalization. The nurse concludes that regular insulin is needed because the:

dosage can be adjusted to changeing needs during recovery from surgery

. nurse is caring for a school-aged child with type 1 diabetes and determines that the child is experiencing an episode of hyperglycemia. What symptoms led the nurse to this conclusion?

dry skin, increased thirst, deep rapid breathing

22. A health care provider prescribes psyllium (Metamucil) 3.5 g twice a day for constipation. What is most important for the nurse to teach this client?

each dose should be taken with a full glass of water

A client who is scheduled for a bowel resection is to receive antibiotics preoperatively. The nurse teaches the client that the purpose of the antibiotics is to help:

eliminate bacteria from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract

26. A nurse is assessing a client with a diagnosis of diabetes insipidus. For which signs indicative of diabetes insipidus should the nurse assess the client?

excessive thirst, dry mucous membranes, decreased urine specific gravity

Sildenafil (Viagra) is prescribed for a man with erectile dysfunction. A nurse teaches the client about common side effects of this drug.

flushing, headache, dyspepsia

28. A nurse evaluates that a client who is taking oral contraceptives understands the related dietary teaching when the client states, "While I'm taking birth control pills I should increase my intake of foods containing:

folic acid

. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a 13-year-old child with type 1 diabetes. What test is considered the most accurate in the evaluation of the effectiveness of diet and insulin therapy over time?

glycosylated hemoglobin

3. A client takes isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) daily. The client states, "I would like to start taking sildenafil (Viagra) for erectile dysfunction. I was told I can't take sildenafil and isosorbide dinitrate at the same time." The nurse explains that taking both of these medications concurrently may result in severe:

hypotension

A child is found to have type 1 diabetes. The parents ask why their child cannot be given an oral medication instead of insulin. The nurse explains that oral hypoglycemic agents are in ineffective in type 1 diabetes because they only stimulate the:

production of insulin by the pancreatic b-cells

11. A health care provider prescribes ranitidine (Zantac) for a client with heartburn. During a teaching session, which information will the nurse share with the client about how this drug works?

ranitidine reduces gastric acidity in the stomach

. Methylphenidate (Ritalin) has been prescribed for a 7-year-old child with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and is to be taken with meals. What rationale should the nurse provide for the parents about the timing of medication administration?

ritalin depresses the appetite

. A toddler with cystic fibrosis has been hospitalized with bacterial pneumonia. The nurse determines that the child has no known allergies. What does the nurse conclude is the reason that the health care provider selected a specific antibiotic?

sensitivity of the bacteria

An 11-year-old preadolescent has just been found to have type 1 diabetes. The child, who likes sweets, asks about sugar and sugar substitutes in the diet. What information should the nurse and the dietitian give the child?

sugar substitutes such as saccharin, aspartame, or sucralose can be used

13. A nurse is teaching a client with type 1 diabetes about assessing for signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia as a result of excessive insulin. For what response should the nurse instruct the client to monitor in addition to nervousness and hunger?

sweating

19. A 2-month-old infant is admitted to the pediatric unit with gastroenteritis and dehydration. Which finding should the nurse anticipate?

tachycardia

27. A postpartum client who was receiving an intravenous infusion of oxytocin (Pitocin) to stimulate labor asks the nurse why it is not being discontinued now that the baby is born. The nurse responds:

the oxytocin causes contraction of the uterine musculature

16. A client with tuberculosis is started on a chemotherapy protocol that includes rifampin (RIF). The nurse evaluates that the teaching about rifampin is effective when the client states:

i can expect my urine to turn orange from this medication

. A health care provider prescribes oral loperamide (Maalox) and intravenous ranitidine (Zantac) for a client with burns and crushing injuries caused by an accident. The client asks how these medications work. The nurse's best response is:

they limit the acidity in the gastrointestinal tract

Tuberculosis is confirmed and isoniazid (INH), rifampin (Rifadin), and pyridoxine (vitamin B6) are prescribed for a client. The client says, "I've never had to take so many medicines for an infection before." What is the nurse's best reply?

this type of organism is difficult to destroy