HHE 440: Midterm
Which of the following is a characteristic of the third phase of the general adaptation syndrome?
Following the long-continued exposure to the same stressor, to which the body becomes adjusted, adaptation energy is eventually exhausted
A sign of people who may be hot reactors is that they:
Get angry easily, often feel anxious or depressed, experience nausea or vomiting
Eustress
Good things to which one has to adapt and that can lead to a stress reaction
Which of the following pioneers studied transcendental meditation and developed a similar meditative technique that was successfully employed to help reduce his patients' levels of high blood pressure?
Herbert Benson
A cancer-prone person has been described as:
Holding resentment, using self-pity, having poor self image.
The part of the digestive system that receives unusable food substances from the small intestine is called the:
Large intestine
The system that produces emotions, which is also known as the "seat of emotions," is called the
Limbic system
____ regulate the balance between sodium and potassium.
Mineralocorticoids
Which of the following is NOT an example of an involuntary function?
Muscle contraction
Use of time and purpose in life are examples of...?
Philosophical stressors
A physical disease caused by emotional stress without the involvement of a microorganism is called a(n):
Psychogenetic disease
Depression and threats to self-esteem are examples of...?
Psychological stressors
Conditions that have a mind and a body component are called:
Psychosomatic (psychophysiological)
The series of bodily changes that are opposite of the stress reaction is called the:
Relaxation response
The substance that starts to break down food to small, manageable pieces before it passes through the esophagus is called:
Saliva
In the human digestive system, food from the stomach passes into the:
Small intestine
The fight-or-flight response is termed:
Stress reactivity
The pressure of the blood as it leaves the heart is known as:
Systolic blood pressure
_____ are a type of lymphocyte whose purpose is to destroy substances foreign to the body by puncturing invaded body cells and killing the cells and the foreign substances.
T cells
The part of the diencephalon that relays sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex is called the:
Thalamus
Distress is defined as:
The bad things to which we have to adapt and that can lead to a stress reaction.
Identify a feature of the second stage of the general adaptation syndrome
The bodily signs characteristic of the alarm reaction virtually disappear, and resistance rises above normal.
Which of the following occurs in the alarm reaction phase of the general adaptation syndrome?
The body shows the changes characteristic of the first exposure to a stressor.
Stress
The combination of a stressor, stress reactivity, and strain.
Bracing
The contraction of muscles for no obvious purpose.
Eustress is defined as:
The good things to which we have to adapt and that can lead to a stress reaction.
Which of the following is the part of the autonomic nervous system responsible for conserving energy?
The parasympathetic nervous system
The temporal lobe of the brain is associated with:
The perception and recognition of sounds, memory, and speech
Strain
The physical, psychological, and behavioral outcomes of stress reactivity.
A stressor is something with the potential to cause a stress reaction
True
T/F: Apoplexy is also termed stroke.
True
T/F: During stress, the surface temperature of the skin increases
True
T/F: People who react to stress with an all-out physiological reaction are called hot reactors.
True
T/F: Relaxation is a successful technique in the prevention and treatment of migraines.
True
T/F: Stress can lead to a miscarriage
True
T/F: Stress may alter peristalsis of the small and large intestines necessary for the transport of food substances,
True
T/F: The buildup of plaque in coronary arteries causes a form of chest pain called angina and greatly increases a person's risk of having a heart attack.
True
T/F: The hypothalamus experiences a stressor, it activates the two major stress reactivity pathways: the endocrine system and the autonomic nervous system.
True
T/F: The reticular activating system (RAS) needs to be activated to normal levels for the rest of the brain to function as it should.
True
T/F: The severity of a stroke depends on the exact location of the brain tissue dying from the lack of oxygen and the amount of time oxygen was denied to the brain.
True
Tension headaches and backaches are psychological strains that stem from stress reactivity occurring when contemplating that experience.
True
The degree to which the seven dimensions of health are in balance is called:
Wellness
Cancer-causing agents are called:
carcinogens
The cumulative biological wear and tear that results from responses to stress that seek to maintain body equilibrium is known as:
llostatic load
Relaxation Response
· A series of bodily changes that are the opposite of the stress reaction.
Neuromuscular Relaxation
· Another term for progressive relaxation.
Distress
· Bad things to which one has to adapt and that can lead to a stress reaction.
Stressor
· Something with the potential to cause a stress reaction.
Homeostasis
· State of balance in which the brain releases chemicals and hormones in order to maintain this balance as a result of the stress response.
Fight-or-Flight Response
· The body's stress reaction that includes an increase in heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, and serum cholesterol.
Allostatic Load
· The cumulative biological wear and tear that results from responses to stress that seek to maintain body equilibrium.
General Adaptation Syndrome
· The three stages of physiological stress reactions described by Hans Selye. o Alarm reaction o Stage of resistance o Stage of exhaustion
T/F: Brain cells destroyed by prolonged stress can regenerate on their own.
False
T/F: Cortisol and aldosterone are types of muscle tissue
False
T/F: Diet and migraine headaches are unrelated.
False
T/F: Patients who have blocked coronary arteries need to have those arteries either opened or bypassed in order for adequate oxygen to be supplied to the cardiac muscle.
False
T/F: Stress is not related to coronary heart disease.
False
T/F: The signs and symptoms of a stroke last for a short period and then disappear without leaving apparent permanent effects.
False
The body's stress reaction that includes an increase in heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, and serum cholesterol is known as the:
Fight-or-Flight Response
Autogenic Training
A relaxation technique that involves a sensation of heaviness, warmth, and tingling in the limbs
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) activates the ______ to secrete corticoid hormones.
Adrenal cortex
The inner portion of the adrenal gland that secretes catecholamines is called the:
Adrenal medulla
Which of the following lists the three phases of the general adaptation syndrome in the order of their occurrence?
Alarm reaction, stage of resistance, stage of exhaustion
Which of the following is an example of a behavioral strain?
Alcohol abuse
Cortisol is secreted from the adrenal cortex and is responsible for:
An increase in blood glucose
Substances produced by the body to fight foreign substances irritating to the body are called
Antibodies
Which of the following terms is defined as a relaxation technique that involves a sensation of heaviness, warmth, and tingling in the limbs?
Autogenic training
A physiological response in which the body turns on itself is known as a(n):
Autoimmune response
The contraction of muscles for no obvious purpose is called:
Bracing
The part of the subcortex responsible for coordination is called the:
Cerebellum
A rupture of a blood vessel in the brain is known as a:
Cerebral hemorrhage
The pipe through which food passes into the stomach is called the:
Esophagus
The goal of stress management is to:
-Eliminate all forms of stress from life. -Limit the harmful effects of stress while maintaining life's quality and vitality. -Make life happy and easy by experiencing as little stress as possible.
