Questions from Massage-exam.com
What is a reflexive effect for deep effleurage?
+ parasympathetic NS response, - sympathetic NS response, + vasodilation, - heart rate, - blood pressure, slows breathing rate, generally relaxes muscles, + capillary space, - edema and - pain (gate theory), dilation lasts longer, deeper muscle relaxation, releases endorphins, + skin metabolism and + peripheral circulation.
In CPR you must check for signs of life for no more then:
10 Seconds
The hands and the feet contain the same number of metacarpals/ tarsals and phalanges. How many are in the feet and hands individually?
19
How many metatarsal bones make up the bottom of the foot?
5
About what percentage of the human body is comprised of water?
55%
How many bones make up the tarsus?
7... talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, and the three cuneiform bones
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system condition defined as:
A condition where demyelination of the nerves occurs
After checking to make sure you are not in danger, you approach a car accident, which victim do you help first?
A female passenger that appears unconscious
A trigger point is
A hyperirritable spot in the soft tissue that often exhibits a predictable referral pain pattern
What is Hemoglobin
A is a protein carried by the blood?
Who would you help first when injuries at a construction site occurred?
A male stumbling from the scene
Stress is defined as?
A non-specific response to any demands made
Which definition is for occupation
A productive or creative activity that serves as one's regular source of livelihood
A client comes in after an MVA (Motor Vehicle Accident) and said their physician classified their whiplash as a Type 2 impact with a Grade 3 severity in a Stage 3 phase. What does this translate to mean using the Foreman and Croft Classification (F/C)?
A side impact collision; the whiplash has Moderate limitations, some ligamentous injury and neurological findings may be present; is in the Remodeling phase, 14 weeks to 12 months or more post-accident
What is Counter-Transference?
A therapist's emotional reactions patterned after their client's transference
What is Aston-Patterning
A treatment system that can transform the quality of life for you and your client.
Of the following groups of muscles choose the group that ABducts and ADducts the scapula?
ABduct: serratus anterior and pectoralis minor, ADduct: rhomboid major and minor
What is the term for the action of raising the arm out to the side of the body?
ABduction
What is the name of the large ridge on the superior and lateral end of the scapula?
Acromion process
What three landmarks do you palpate between to find the muscle belly of the deltoid?
Acromion, lateral 1/3 of the clavicle and deltoid tuberosity
Adhesions within a tendon are located with what type of ROM testing:
Active resisted
When trying to determine if your client is in the acute or chronic stage of inflammation, when would pain manifest to the affected area?
Acute pain is aggravated by activity and when at rest and chronic is only with specific activity
What physiological effects is a reflexive component of petrissage?
Affects proprioception
In Active Inhibition techniques, the client reflexively inhibits or relaxes the muscle so it can be lengthened. Which technique relies on reciprocal inhibition or the reflex relaxation of the muscle opposing the contracting muscle and stretch?
Agonist Contraction
Which joint category is slightly movable?
Amphiarthrosis
In which joint category would the joints between the vertebrae be placed?
Amphiarthrosis... joint category is made up of slightly movable cartilaginous joints
What is another term for the talus?
Ankle bones
What is the term for two muscles that are not prime movers, one becomes the flexor and the other the extensor?
Antagonistic pair
Branches of the brachial plexus and subclavian artery pass through what two muscles?
Anterior and middle scalenes
Where can you find the Iliopectineal bursa?
Anterior aspect of the coxal joint
Which is an attachment point on the os coxae for the rectus femoris?
Anterior inferior iliac spine
What ligaments would be torn in an inversion sprain/strain of the ankle?
Anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular and posterior talofibular
As a reaction to the presence of foreign particles, the body's immune system may create?
Antibodies
What is Projection?
Applying your own current feelings, emotions, or motivations onto another person
What region of the body is the axillary lymph nodes located?
Armpit
The term ____________ was coined by Rene Maurice Gattefosse in 1928.
Aromatherapy
When scheduling your client for their next massage, it is better to:
Ask for their day and time preference
Through a(n) _________, a therapist is enabled with the knowledge gathered, to go beyond just treating local pain. Treatments are given to diminish the underlying cause and relieve stress and pain of compensating structures.
Assessment
What occupation has the ability to study athletic performance, prevent injury, and assist in rehabilitation as a scope of practice?
Athletic Training... Scope of practice in giving training regimens, assessment, and evaluation of injury, therapeutic exercise, treatment, reconditioning of injuries, and using therapeutic modalities.
Which cervical joint is in charge of rotation?
Atlanto-odontoid
The ________ skeleton consists of the cranium and the spine?
Axial
Eric is a 45 year old construction worker with diabetes. What modality will help him eliminate poor eating habits and increase his knowledge of the benefits of Yoga?
Ayurvedic Bodywork
These leukocytes WBCs contain histamine (vasodilator chemical) and are discharged at sites of inflammation:
Basophils
The muscular system's function is to:
Be the provider of movement, maintain posture, generate heat, and stabilize joints
What would be an example of professional ethics for a massage therapist?
Being honest and confidential with client information
All of the following muscles share the same attachment site:
Biceps brachii, Coracobrachialis, and Pectoralis minor
What muscles work together to flex the elbow?
Biceps brachii, brachialis and brachioradialis, flexor carpi radialis / ulnaris, palmaris longus, pronator teres, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis.
The lateral or external rotaters of the hip are
Biceps femoris, gluteus maximus (all), gluteus medius (posterior), sartorius, piriformis, quadratus femoris, obturator internus / externus, gemellus superior / inferior, psoas major and iliacus.
Choose the group of muscles that works together to laterally rotate the hip?
Biceps femoris, piriformis and psoas major
The hamstring muscles from lateral to medial are?
Biceps femoris, semitendenosus, and semimembranosus
A PA of your client shows a mild flexion of the head, what muscle is stretch weakened?
Bilateral Levator scapulars
A PA of your client shows a mild flexion of the head, what muscle would be shortened?
Bilateral anterior scalenes
A client complains of pain in their ribs on the right side whenever they rotate to the left. They have well defined abdominal muscles with moderate posterior pelvis tilt. Your PA shows a moderate increase in thoracic kyphosis, what muscles are shortened?
Bilateral pectoralis minor
During a visual assessment, what can be determined
Bilateral symmetry and muscle deviations
Which is the term for the largest bone of the sternum?
Body
Inflammation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands are referred to as:
Boils or carbuncles
Which is responsible for transporting unoxygenated blood from the whole body back to the heart?
Brachial vein
What muscle is the strongest elbow flexor?
Brachialis
C5, 6 radial nerves are the inNervations for which of these muscles?
Brachioradialis
What is a mechanical component of cross-fiber friction?
Breaks up and reforms scar tissue
Which would be the inNervation of the scalenes?
C3-8 ventral nerves
The arterioles connect to?
Capillaries
Arterioles connect to ______________ and then______________?
Capillaries / venuoles
What major artery passes deep and medial to the SCM and is the primary supplier of blood to the head and neck?
Carotid artery
What is another word which means superior?
Cephalic
A _________ is awarded upon completion of a course.
Certificate
What body systems is in charge of regulating body temperature and transporting nutrients / hormones?
Circulatory
Which of the following body systems is in charge of regulating body temperature and transporting nutrients / hormones?
Circulatory
Hypertension is an elevation in blood pressure above the normal range for prolonged periods of time and can be termed a(n):
Circulatory pathology or dysfunction
Varicose veins are abnormally large and bulging veins caused by impaired function of the venous valves and is termed a(n):
Circulatory pathology or dysfunction
Which bone articulates with the sternum to create the SC or Sternoclavicular joint?
Clavicle
Acknowledging your limitations as a therapist and referring clients to an appropriate health care professional when needed is part of what:
Client relationships
___________ is a declaration of the general principles of acceptable, ethical, and professional behavior by which massage therapists agree to conduct their practice?
Code of ethics
Once you discover a transference pattern in your client, it is better to respond by:
Coming to terms as to what is really happening now and not what happened 10 to 20 years ago
__________ is the study and development of a particular skill or professional knowledge base associated and applied within a scope of practice.
Competency
Lyme disease is an inflammatory arthritide that is defined as a(n):
Complex rheumatic disease that affects many systems of the body
What are the mechanical effects for Direct pressure friction
Compresses and spreads tissue and temporary ischemia
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is defined as a(n):
Condition distinguished by persistent fatigue
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition involving compressions of the median nerve and is termed a(n):
Condition of the PNS
What types of tissue would be described as forming a frame for the body that is both fibrous and elastic?
Connective tissue
What are the four traits of muscle tissue?
Contractility, extensibility, elasticity, and irritability
When describing anything about the spine close to the head which of the following terms would be the most anatomically correct?
Cranial
A person suffering from apnea may be?
Cyanotic. Cyanosis is a condition that occurs from insufficient oxygen in the blood out of normal pH range.
The purpose of a post-event sports massage is to?
Decrease delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS)
What physiological effects is a mechanical component of petrissage?
Decreases adhesions
Increasing peripheral circulation is a reflexive effect of what type of treatment technique?
Deep Effleurage
Decreasing pain is a reflexive effect of what type of treatment technique?
Deep effleurage
What are the mechanical effects for deep effluerage
Deep effleurage mechanical effects: stretches veins and lymph vessels, + venous and lymph flow, + waste removal (lymph), moves nutrients through vessels, compresses and stretches fascia, warms superficial tissue and fascia, desquamation of dead skin cells.
Choose the two muscles that horizontally ADduct the glenohumeral joint?
Deltoid (anterior) and pectoralis major (upper)
Choose from the following the seven extensor muscles of the glenohumeral joint?
Deltoid (posterior), latissimus dorsi, teres major, infraspinatus, teres minor, pectoralis major (lower) and triceps brachii (long head)
The cephalic vein, clavicular artery, and pectoral nerves are structures within this triangle:
Deltopectoral triangle... also known as Clavipectoral triangle
What does the endocrine system do for the lymphatic system/immunity?
Depresses the immune response and inflammation
Which muscle lowers the lip?
Depressor labii inferioris
Sebaceous glands are found in which layer of tissue?
Dermis
What forms the floor of the thoracic cavity?
Diaphragm
Which joint category is freely movable?
Diarthrosis
Pressure against the interior abdominal wall may separate the rectus abdominus at the linea alba, this is called:
Diastasis recti
Which system provides nutrients to the blood for RBC and hemoglobin formation?
Digestive
Affecting meridians is a reflexive effect of what type of treatment technique?
Direct pressure friction
Which term would be used to describe the positioning of the hand in relation to the shoulder?
Distal
With regard to directional terms, the feet would be considered?
Distal or inferior
Which joint is not part of the elbow?
Distal radioulnar
If a person does not consent to you giving them emergency care, what should you do?
Do not give care and call 911
A __________ is an overlapping alliance that a client and therapist share in addition to the therapeutic relationship.
Dual or Multidimensional relationship
The cervical spine has three joints, the atlanto-occipital allows flexion/ extension and lateral flexion and is termed what type of joint?
Ellipsoid
This system influences skeletal muscle strength and mass in the homeostatic relationship between systems
Endocrine
What body systems is in charge of muscular development?
Endocrine
What system regulates the uptake and release of calcium?
Endocrine
What would the membranous lining of the medullary cavity be called?
Endosteum
Emphysema is a respiratory pathology that is defined as a(n):
Enlargement of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles and the destruction of the alveolar walls
What helps regulate blood sugar levels?
Epinephrine Glucagon Insulin
What would best describe the movement of the foot so the plantar surface is rolled outward?
Eversion
If glucose is found in urine, it is called glycosuria, what is a possible cause?
Excessive sugar intake or diabetes mellitus
What is the action of the long head of the tricep
Extends and adducts the shoulder
To assess the strength of the rhomboids, place the client in a prone position with the affected humerus ABducted at 90 degrees. Have the client internally rotate the shoulder and ask them to move the humerus into __________.
Extension
The Triceps Brachii has one action at the elbow or humeroulnar joint and two actions on the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. What are the two actions the long head performs at the shoulder
Extension and ADduction
The superficial pectoralis major is divided into three sections; clavicular, sternal, and costal fibers. This muscle also is an antagonist to itself with its upper and lower fibers. What is the action of the lower fibers?
Extension of the glenohumeral joint
The lateral posterior levator scapula muscle has one bilateral action and four unilateral actions that it performs. What is the one bilateral action?
Extension of the head and neck
Which two muscles work together to ADduct the radiocarpal joint?
Extensor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi ulnaris
Decubitus ulcers are skin lesions caused by:
External pressure, shearing, or friction forces
The testes release a steroid androgen to support sperm formation, what two hormones regulate their release?
FSH and LH
In CPR/First aid you must think F.A.S.T. for a stroke. What does F.A.S.T. stand for?
Face - Arm - Speech - Time
What are the joints of the skull filled with?
Fibrocartilage
What is on the lateral/distal end of the tibia and articulates with the fibula?
Fibular notch
The biceps brachii has three actions, one for each joint it crosses; Humeroulnar, proximal radioulnar, and glenohumeral joints. What are the three actions?
Flex elbow, supinate the forearm, and flex the shoulder
What group of muscles works bilaterally to flex and extend the vertebral column?
Flex: external and internal obliques, extend: spinalis, longissimus and iliocostalis
The biceps brachii has three actions, one for each joint it crosses; Humeroulnar, proximal radioulnar, and glenohumeral joints. What is the action on the glenohumeral joint?
Flexion
When accessing the scalenes, you have the head rotated slightly to the opposite side, what action will make the scalens stand out?
Flexion
What two actions do the biceps femoris perform?
Flexion and extension...Flexes the knee and extends the hip. It also tilts the pelvis posteriorly, laterally rotates the hip, and laterally rotates the knee when flexed.
What does Resisted ROM test?
For a strain or the strength of the muscles performing the action
According to F/C or Foreman and Croft Classification on Whiplash, what is a Type 3 impact?
Front impact
Which muscle raises the eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead?
Frontalis
A(n) _____________ helps the therapist to analyze imbalances in how the client walks.
Gait assessment
The ___________ is a strong plantarflexor and crosses both the knee and the ankle joints?
Gastrocnemius
Inflammatory bowel disease is used to identify Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, it is termed a(n):
Gastrointestinal concern
What must you do in a chocking or breathing emergency where the person is conscious and unable to cough, speak, or breathe?
Give back blows and abdominal thrusts
Which proximal structure does the humerus articulate with?
Glenoid fossa
Which muscle laterally rotates the thigh
Gluteus maximus
Which non-swedish massage technique is used to reduce muscle tone and spasm?
Golgi tendon organ (GTO) release
The _______________ is the insertion for three of the four rotator cuff muscles; supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor?
Greater Tubercle
What is the name of the indentation just under the posterior inferior iliac spine on the ilium?
Greater sciatic notch
Where does the sciatic nerve pass through the pelvis?
Greater sciatic notch
Inflammatory arthritides is a systemic concern and is defined as a(n):
Group of inflammatory diseases affecting connective tissue including joints
Which muscle would you stretch to relieve a runner who is complaining of a hamstring spasm?
Hamstring
What actions are not part of the SITS muscle group?
Horizontal ADduction and flexion
To properly treat chronic plantar fasciitis, what hydrotherapy treatment would be most efficient?
Hot moist hydrotherapy followed by stretching of the gastrocnemius and soleus
What are reflexive effects for direct pressure friction
Hyperemia (secondary to ischemia), relaxes muscles and decreases hypertonicity (through the NS or golgi tendon organ- on tendon), decreases pain, decreases spasm, increases vasodilation, increases peristalsis (on abdomen), affects meridians (shiatsu and acupressure), and decreases sinus congestion.
For the effectiveness of the massage, a comfortable balance of communication from both the client and the therapist is:
Ideal for treatment
The coxal joint has four ligaments that support the joint capsule, which ligament reinforces it anteriorly?
Iliofemoral ligament
What three bones fuse together to form the pelvis?
Ilium, ischium, and pubis
A wound is a disruption of the continuity of the skin, which type of wound is clean with approximated edges?
Incision
What is a reflexive effect for deep effleurage?
Increases skin metabolism
What physiological effects which is a reflexive effect for deep effleurage?
Increases skin metabolism
What is a mechanical component of petrissage?
Increases venous flow
Using your forearm to apply broad and deep pressure can decrease the MT's potential of injury to their hand and wrist joints, what is another benefit to using this tool?
Increasing circulation faster than any other tool
Bursitis is defined as:
Inflammation of a bursa
Lateral rotation of the humerus is the action of which muscle?
Infraspinatus
What two muscles are complete synergists and part of the rotator cuff muscles?
Infraspinatus and teres minor
The Pancreas is a major endocrine gland that releases two representative protein hormones, what are they?
Insulin and glucagon
What body system is responsible for protection against chemical damage?
Integumentary
Name the two most important muscles for breathing?
Intercostals/obliques
which is the fluid that resides in the spaces between the body's cells?
Interstitial fluid
Where are the amphiarthrotic joints found in the body?
Intervertebral bodies and pubic symphysis
The autonomic nervous system controls?
Involuntary functions Breathing Heart rate
While giving an assessment there are three types of questions you ask to obtain relevant information for the treatment plan; General, Specific, and Pain questions. Which of the following is a General question?
Is there a family history of the presenting complaint?
What is the strongest area of the pelvis
Ischial tuberosity
What does the dermis contain
It is rich in blood vessels the dense connective tissue layers; upper papillary and deep reticular, also contains nerves.
What does diaphragmatic breathing do to the nervous system when it breaks the pain-spasm cycle?
It promotes relaxation to decrease the sympathetic nervous system firing
Hypomobility is a loss of motion at the joint this includes the loss of normal joint play, it is termed a(n):
Joint dysfunction
Osteoarthritis is a group of chronic, degenerative conditions that affect the articular cartilage and subchondral bone, it is termed a(n):
Joint dysfunction
How is edema caused by heart or kidney disease?
Kidneys regulate blood volume and an increase in fluid volume can overload the heart
Diabetes affects the entire body but some of the systems deteriorate at a more noticeable rate than the others. These systems are the?
Kidneys, eyes, and peripheral nerves
What is the study of the anatomical movements of the body?
Kinesiology
What chemical compound does the liver remove from the blood to regulate metabolism
Lactic Acid
Which muscles Adduct the glenohumeral joint?
Latissimus dorsi, teres major, infraspinatus, teres minor, pectoralis major (all fibers), triceps brachii (long head) and coracobrachialis
What muscle would be affected if the area of the superior angle on the scapula was tender to the touch?
Levator Scap
Moving the neck laterally and elevating the scapula are actions of which of these muscles?
Levator scapula
When using cross-fiber friction for this structure, it is best to use appropriate tension using a shortened position:
Ligaments
Decreasing pain is a reflexive effect of what type of treatment technique?
Light and Deep Effleurage
Which area of the femur is the site of insertion for the muscles that are in charge of ADduction?
Linea Aspera
Which area of the femur is the site of insertion for the muscles that are in charge of ADduction?
Linea aspera
Increasing muscle extensibility is a mechanical effect of what type of treatment technique?
Linear or circular friction
A trigger point in the posterior deltoid will refer pain to:
Locally in the posterior deltoid
In case a client sues, what type of insurance do MT's buy to cover their work?
Malpractice
In 1920 the Chartered Society of _____________________ was formed?
Massage and Medical Gymnastics
For a tendon with a synovial sheath, how is the tendon placed in order to smooth out rough surfaces:
Maximum stretch
Fine vibration and light effleurage have no:
Mechanical effects
What is the term for the area of the tibia that is distal and medial?
Medial malleolus
There are three levels of severity when classifying contusions, what are they?
Mild, moderate, and severe
What is a mechanical effect for deep effleurage?
Moves nutrients through vessels
Smooth, Cardiac, and Skeletal are all specialized types of what type of tissue
Muscle tissue
What body system detects sensations and controls movements?
Nervous
How many Kilocalories does each gram of fat produce?
Nine
How would you conduct a massage with a client that reports having dissociative disorder?
Observe and adjust the massage accordingly
What structure does the ischium and pubis ramus come together to form?
Obturator foramen
What lies posterior and inferior on the humerus?
Olecranon fossa
Muscles protect the _______.
Organs
Bursitis is a chronic condition and second to:
Overuse injuries
What are the four major common elements that make up the human body?
Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and Nitrogen
Hydrotherapy is a form of complementary therapy that combines well with massage, one therapeutic use is analgesic which means a(n):
Pain relief
Insulin is released from the
Pancreas
What lobes is responsible for maintaining most sensory information with the exception of hearing, vision and smell?
Parietal
What is the primary protection for the knee joint?
Patella
__________ pertains to the study of disease in the human body.
Pathology
Which muscle has its origin at the sternum, ribs, and clavicle?
Pectoralis major
What muscle would you be assessing with a moderate depression of the scapulothoracic joint?
Pectoralis minor Trapezius (lower fibers), serratus anterior
To allow us to get a sense of the joint and musculature condition and avoid further injury to the client, it is best to:
Perform the Active ROM testing first
Nerves found in the trunk and appendages are considered?
Peripheral
Relaxing the nervous system is a reflexive effect of what type of slow treatment technique?
Petrissage
To maintain local circulation in a frozen shoulder condition, what technique would best be used on the periscapular muscles to increase drainage and venous return?
Petrissage
The examination, diagnosis, and treatment of abnormal nails and superficial excrescences is under which occupation's scope of practice?
Podiatric Medicine
In Active Inhibition techniques, the client reflexively inhibits or relaxes the muscle so it can be lengthened. Which of the following techniques utilizes breathing and specific eye movements to increase the stretch?
Post-isometric Relaxation (PIR)
The External jugular vein, Subclavian artery, and the brachial plexus are structures within this triangle:
Posterior triangle
Iliotibial band contracture is a thickening of the IT band and termed a:
Postural dysfunction
What best describes the term antalgic posture?
Posture assumed by the client in order to relieve pain
What elements in the body is a necessary component needed to conduct nerve impulses and muscle contraction?
Potassium
Which of the following elements in the body is a necessary component needed to conduct nerve impulses and muscle contraction?
Potassium
What is a reason for a suspension of your license?
Practicing under the influence of alcohol, drugs, or any illegal substances Practicing under an assumed name Having deceptive advertisements
The autonomic nervous systems sympathetic division (ANS) activates the hypothalamus to help regulate activity of the anterior pituitary gland to produce hormones from the endocrine system. What does the endocrine system do for the nervous system?
Produce hormones that influence metabolism of neurons
The endocrine system __________________.
Produces hormones and secretes them into the blood
What is the endocrine system responsible for?
Producing and transporting hormones
Osteoporosis is defined as a(n):
Progressive disease where the bones gradually become weaker and thinner, increasing fracture risks
A cramp is a
Prolonged muscle spasm
What group of muscles work together to protract and retract the mandible?
Protract: Lateral and medial pterygoids, Retract: Temporalis and digastric
When a therapist honestly represents all professional qualifications and affiliations they:
Provide appropriate information by openly displaying certifications
What anatomical position can be used to describe the quadriceps in relation to the plantar fascia?
Proximal
What bony landmark does the inguinal ligament attach to on the pelvis?
Pubic Tubercle
Blood that is unoxygenated moves into the lungs through the?
Pulmonary artery
Which muscle inserts at the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae?
Quadratus lumborum
What is Hematuria
RBCs in the urine can be caused by bleeding in the urinary tract due to trauma, kidney stones, or infection.
According to F/C or Foreman and Croft Classification on Whiplash, what is a Type 1 impact?
Rear Impact
How can you tell you are having a transference reaction from a client?
Receiving a powerful reaction that is not justifiable to a reasonable person
The _______ is a major flexor muscle on the anterior surface of the body?
Rectus Abdominus
Which muscle attaches onto the cartilage of ribs five through seven?
Rectus abdominus
The spinous process of C2 is the origin for which of these muscles?
Rectus capitis posterior major
what is a psychological effect of massage
Reflexive with the neurological systems
A hypertonic muscle will _____ when applying acute pressure with deep strokes.
Release
Sinusitis can be an acute or chronic paranasal sinus inflammation and termed a(n):
Respiratory pathology
What body system removes carbon dioxide from the blood?
Respiratory system
When dealing with an injury, whether it is a dislocation, fracture, sprain or strain, what must be done?
Rest and Immobilize the injury Use a Cold pack Elevate the injured part
What must you do for a fresh injury that may be a dislocation, fracture, sprain, or strain?
Rest, Immobilize, Cold, and Elevate
Downward rotation and retraction (ADduction) of the scapula are actions of which muscles?
Rhomboid major
The urinary system functions to
Rid the body of nitrogenous wastes, and regulate water, electrolyte as well as acid-base balance of the blood
What section of the heart is utilized for pulmonary circulation?
Right
Deoxygenated blood returns to the?
Right atrium
You perform a P/ROM on your client and find a mild decrease in rotation of the neck to the left, what muscle would be shortened?
Right levator scapularis
What muscles would be assessed if your client is sitting down, actively rotating the neck to the opposite side?
SCM, scalenes and upper trapezius
What acronym is used for the signs of inflammation?
SHARP - swelling, heat, a loss of function, redness, and pain.
The spinal nerve plexus serving the posterior portion of leg and foot is the:
Sacral Plexus
The ________ ______ divides the body into left and right portions.
Sagittal plane
Which muscle group is located between the SCM and anterior flap of the Trapezius and unilaterally rotates the head and neck to the opposite side?
Scalenes
What three muscle groups are located in between the SCM and the anterior flap of the trapezius?
Scalenes, splenii, and levator scapula
You are required as a partner in a massage business to file a:
Schedule K
o test the anterior scalene muscles to see if they are the cause of your client's thoracic outlet syndrome, it is best to place them in what position:
Seated
_________ glands are found all over the skin, except on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet?
Sebaceous
Which muscle has its insertion on the medial border of the scapula?
Serratus anterior
Which two muscles ABduct the scapula?
Serratus anterior and pectoralis minor
English writers in nineteenth century India used what word to describe massage?
Shampooing
According to F/C or Foreman and Croft Classification on Whiplash, what is a Type 2 impact?
Side Impact
What is the effectors of the somatic division in the nervous system?
Skeletal muscles
Which body system functions to protect organs and create motion?
Skeletal system
Sebaceous glands, sweat (sudoriforous) glands, hair, and nails are considered to be:
Skin appendages
The integumentary system refers to:
Skin, nails, hair, sweat and oil glands
The spleen is a?
Solid Organ
One of your athletes turned their ankle and heard a snap during a soccer game. The ankle is swollen and deformed, what would this indicate?
Sprain
What is the term for the medial aspect of the clavicle?
Sternal End
Bilateral flexion of the cervical spine is an action performed by which muscles?
Sternocleidomastoid, Anterior scalene, Longus capitis, and Longus colli
Which of the following is a reflexive effect of fine vibration?
Stimulates abdominal organs
What would you concentrate on doing with a client who has scoliosis?
Strengthen weak muscles and stretch shortened muscles
What are the physiological effects is a mechanical component of petrissage?
Stretches and broadens muscle fibers
What stage of frozen shoulder is your client in if their severe pain is diminishing?
Subacute
What muscle has its origin at the first rib?
Subclavius
The rhomboid major and minor are complete synergists and are located between the medial border of the scapula and the thoracic vertebrae spinous processes. Where do the rhomboids reside?
Superficial to the ESGs and deep to the trapezius
To palpate the common flexor tendon, it is best to have your client sitting with elbow in flexion with wrist:
Supinated
A person laying on the dorsal surface of the body could also be described as laying what other way?
Supine position
Which integumentary gland helps to regulate the body's temperature?
Sweat
Increasing body temperature is a reflexive effect of what type of treatment technique?
Swedish gymnastics
Which joint category is immovable?
Synarthrosis
The two joints which create inversion and eversion are:
Talocalcaneal (subtalar) and talocalcaneonavicular
Hyperemia is a reflexive effect of what type of treatment technique?
Tapotement
What are contraindications when working on trigger points associated with tension headaches?
Tapotement Cross-fiber friction Vigorous ischemic compressions
Which of the following are contraindications when working on trigger points associated with tension headaches?
Tapotement Cross-fiber friction Vigorous ischemic compressions
Which lobe responsible for processing memory and hearing information?
Temporal
What are the mechanical effects of direct pressure friction?
Temporary ischemia
After a contraction of a muscle it becomes inhibited and relaxes this is known as?
Tense-relax
What muscle is at the inferior angle on the lateral side of the scapula?
Teres major
What muscles attach to the linea aspera
The ADductor group; pectineus, gracilis, ADductor magnus, longus, and brevis.
Which body plane would divide the body vertically into a front and back portion?
The Frontal plane
Which organ system is in charge of regulating body temperature and preventing water loss?
The Integumentary System
The best way to assess a patients temperature is?
The back of your hand
The central nervous system consists of?
The brain and the spinal cord
What does Active ROM test?
The client's willingness and ability to contract muscles
The second layer of skin tissue is called?
The dermis
What is the term for the thickest outer layer of the spinal cord?
The dura mater
Which layer of the skin has no blood vessels?
The epidermis
Which muscle's origin attachment is not to bone?
The frontalis muscle...It is attached by a thin layer of tendon called an aponeurosis or galea aponeurotica that is also the origin for the occipitalis= occipitofrontalis.
What is the homeostatic relationship between the integumentary and nervous systems?
The integumentary system protects cutaneous sensory innervation to the skin
What is the name for the membrane that connects the tibia to the fibula?
The interosseous membrane
What body system regulates the sweat glands and blood vessels of the skin?
The nervous systems ANS sympathetic division regulates the sweat glands and blood vessels of the integumentary system to control the heat loss or retention. The integumentary system serves as a heat loss surface for the nervous system.
The kidneys in the urinary system helps to dispose of metabolic wastes, maintain proper electrolyte composition and pH of the blood to assist:
The neural functioning in the nervous system
What muscles originate at the linea aspera
The short head of biceps femoris, vastus lateralis, and medialis
The major components of the nervous system are?
The spinal cord and brain
Which bone is in the anterior mid line of the body?
The sternum
The Adam's apple is also known as
The thyroid cartilage
Why are the 11&12 ribs called floating ribs?
They are not attached to the sternum and connected by cartilage like the other ribs
Numbness and tingling in the arm and the medial 4th and 5th digits is a symptom of:
Thoracic outlet syndrome
During the digestive process food enters?
Through the pharynx
In order to program T lymphocytes you need what hormone?
Thymosin
The "anatomical stirrup" is comprised of what two muscles?
Tibialis anterior and fibularis (peroneus) longus. The attachment site for both these muscles is on the Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal. The support of the anatomical stirrup (fibularis (peroneus) longus and tibialis anterior) helps prevent the collapse of the transverse arch.
In passive range of motion testing what two muscles are assessed when the foot is placed in eversion?
Tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior
What muscles would be treated in compartment syndrome or periostitis for the anterior compartment?
Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum and extensor hallucis longus
What four muscles will stretch when you put the client's ankle into dorsiflexion?What four muscles will stretch when you put the client's ankle into dorsiflexion?
Tibialis posterior, soleus, gastrocnemius, and plantaris
The pectoralis minor inserts on the coracoid process of the scapula, if this muscle is hypertonic, it will?
Tilt the scapula anteriorly
What divides the body horizontally into an upper and lower portion?
Transverse
What muscles of the cervical spine extend the neck bilaterally?
Trapezius (upper), levator scapula, splenius capitis and cervicis
The three year training program for doctors of massage during the T'ang dynasty (619-907 AD) trained doctors to treat what kind of pathologies?
Treatments for fractures, diseases, injuries, and wounds
What muscles are in charge of extending the elbow?
Triceps brachii and ancones
The valve that goes from the right atrium to the right ventricle is called the?
Tricuspid valve
What is the term used for one muscle that contains three divisions?
Tripartite
Which bone of the forearm forms the joint with the humerus?
Ulna
Which of the forearm bones is slightly longer?
Ulna
What system of the body removes waste from the circulatory system?
Urinary
Which type of pain arises from visceral distension or ischemia, or strong, abnormal gastrointestinal conditions?
Visceral pain
The membrane closest to the lungs is called the?
Visceral pleura
When treating a client with torticollis, you should avoid:
Working over the pulse of the carotid triangle and full stretches to the SCM
What is Bilirubinuria
bile pigment in the urine can be caused by liver disease
What are the 4 flexors of the GH joint
deltoid (anterior), pectoralis major (upper), biceps brachii and coracobrachialis
What is the Periosteum
double-layered connective tissue that covers and nourishes bone.
What are the reflexive effects of tapotement
hyperemia (secondary to ischemia), stimulation of the nervous system, muscles, vessels, skin and also induces numbing effect if prolonged more then three minutes, increase muscle tone (contract/ relax response), brief vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation, increase in circulation, stimulates organs (lungs and abdominal organs/LB), increases gaseous exchanges, and increases cellular activity.
What are the mechanical effects of tapotement
loosens mucus in thoracic cavity, temporary ischemia
What is the Alexander Technique
promotes education in movement to improve posture and adjust conditioned patterns of movement.
What is Pyuria
pus or WBCs and bacteria caused by a urinary tract infection
Trigger points in the subscapularis can refer or be felt in the
scapula, posterior shoulder, down the posterior arm (deltoid) to the elbow, and around the wrist like a watch strap
What are the reflexive effects of Swedish Gymnastics
stimulates the nervous system, increases blood pressure, increases body temperature, and affects proprioception (body awareness).
What are the Strata layers, deep to superficial
stratum basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, and corneum.
What are the mechanical effects of Swedish Gymnastics
stretches muscles, increases circulation and nutrition to joints (active), increases waste removal (active), decreases adhesions, and increases ROM and flexibility