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What is a reflexive effect for deep effleurage?

+ parasympathetic NS response, - sympathetic NS response, + vasodilation, - heart rate, - blood pressure, slows breathing rate, generally relaxes muscles, + capillary space, - edema and - pain (gate theory), dilation lasts longer, deeper muscle relaxation, releases endorphins, + skin metabolism and + peripheral circulation.

In CPR you must check for signs of life for no more then:

10 Seconds

The hands and the feet contain the same number of metacarpals/ tarsals and phalanges. How many are in the feet and hands individually?

19

How many metatarsal bones make up the bottom of the foot?

5

About what percentage of the human body is comprised of water?

55%

How many bones make up the tarsus?

7... talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, and the three cuneiform bones

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system condition defined as:

A condition where demyelination of the nerves occurs

After checking to make sure you are not in danger, you approach a car accident, which victim do you help first?

A female passenger that appears unconscious

A trigger point is

A hyperirritable spot in the soft tissue that often exhibits a predictable referral pain pattern

What is Hemoglobin

A is a protein carried by the blood?

Who would you help first when injuries at a construction site occurred?

A male stumbling from the scene

Stress is defined as?

A non-specific response to any demands made

Which definition is for occupation

A productive or creative activity that serves as one's regular source of livelihood

A client comes in after an MVA (Motor Vehicle Accident) and said their physician classified their whiplash as a Type 2 impact with a Grade 3 severity in a Stage 3 phase. What does this translate to mean using the Foreman and Croft Classification (F/C)?

A side impact collision; the whiplash has Moderate limitations, some ligamentous injury and neurological findings may be present; is in the Remodeling phase, 14 weeks to 12 months or more post-accident

What is Counter-Transference?

A therapist's emotional reactions patterned after their client's transference

What is Aston-Patterning

A treatment system that can transform the quality of life for you and your client.

Of the following groups of muscles choose the group that ABducts and ADducts the scapula?

ABduct: serratus anterior and pectoralis minor, ADduct: rhomboid major and minor

What is the term for the action of raising the arm out to the side of the body?

ABduction

What is the name of the large ridge on the superior and lateral end of the scapula?

Acromion process

What three landmarks do you palpate between to find the muscle belly of the deltoid?

Acromion, lateral 1/3 of the clavicle and deltoid tuberosity

Adhesions within a tendon are located with what type of ROM testing:

Active resisted

When trying to determine if your client is in the acute or chronic stage of inflammation, when would pain manifest to the affected area?

Acute pain is aggravated by activity and when at rest and chronic is only with specific activity

What physiological effects is a reflexive component of petrissage?

Affects proprioception

In Active Inhibition techniques, the client reflexively inhibits or relaxes the muscle so it can be lengthened. Which technique relies on reciprocal inhibition or the reflex relaxation of the muscle opposing the contracting muscle and stretch?

Agonist Contraction

Which joint category is slightly movable?

Amphiarthrosis

In which joint category would the joints between the vertebrae be placed?

Amphiarthrosis... joint category is made up of slightly movable cartilaginous joints

What is another term for the talus?

Ankle bones

What is the term for two muscles that are not prime movers, one becomes the flexor and the other the extensor?

Antagonistic pair

Branches of the brachial plexus and subclavian artery pass through what two muscles?

Anterior and middle scalenes

Where can you find the Iliopectineal bursa?

Anterior aspect of the coxal joint

Which is an attachment point on the os coxae for the rectus femoris?

Anterior inferior iliac spine

What ligaments would be torn in an inversion sprain/strain of the ankle?

Anterior talofibular, calcaneofibular and posterior talofibular

As a reaction to the presence of foreign particles, the body's immune system may create?

Antibodies

What is Projection?

Applying your own current feelings, emotions, or motivations onto another person

What region of the body is the axillary lymph nodes located?

Armpit

The term ____________ was coined by Rene Maurice Gattefosse in 1928.

Aromatherapy

When scheduling your client for their next massage, it is better to:

Ask for their day and time preference

Through a(n) _________, a therapist is enabled with the knowledge gathered, to go beyond just treating local pain. Treatments are given to diminish the underlying cause and relieve stress and pain of compensating structures.

Assessment

What occupation has the ability to study athletic performance, prevent injury, and assist in rehabilitation as a scope of practice?

Athletic Training... Scope of practice in giving training regimens, assessment, and evaluation of injury, therapeutic exercise, treatment, reconditioning of injuries, and using therapeutic modalities.

Which cervical joint is in charge of rotation?

Atlanto-odontoid

The ________ skeleton consists of the cranium and the spine?

Axial

Eric is a 45 year old construction worker with diabetes. What modality will help him eliminate poor eating habits and increase his knowledge of the benefits of Yoga?

Ayurvedic Bodywork

These leukocytes WBCs contain histamine (vasodilator chemical) and are discharged at sites of inflammation:

Basophils

The muscular system's function is to:

Be the provider of movement, maintain posture, generate heat, and stabilize joints

What would be an example of professional ethics for a massage therapist?

Being honest and confidential with client information

All of the following muscles share the same attachment site:

Biceps brachii, Coracobrachialis, and Pectoralis minor

What muscles work together to flex the elbow?

Biceps brachii, brachialis and brachioradialis, flexor carpi radialis / ulnaris, palmaris longus, pronator teres, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis.

The lateral or external rotaters of the hip are

Biceps femoris, gluteus maximus (all), gluteus medius (posterior), sartorius, piriformis, quadratus femoris, obturator internus / externus, gemellus superior / inferior, psoas major and iliacus.

Choose the group of muscles that works together to laterally rotate the hip?

Biceps femoris, piriformis and psoas major

The hamstring muscles from lateral to medial are?

Biceps femoris, semitendenosus, and semimembranosus

A PA of your client shows a mild flexion of the head, what muscle is stretch weakened?

Bilateral Levator scapulars

A PA of your client shows a mild flexion of the head, what muscle would be shortened?

Bilateral anterior scalenes

A client complains of pain in their ribs on the right side whenever they rotate to the left. They have well defined abdominal muscles with moderate posterior pelvis tilt. Your PA shows a moderate increase in thoracic kyphosis, what muscles are shortened?

Bilateral pectoralis minor

During a visual assessment, what can be determined

Bilateral symmetry and muscle deviations

Which is the term for the largest bone of the sternum?

Body

Inflammation of hair follicles and sebaceous glands are referred to as:

Boils or carbuncles

Which is responsible for transporting unoxygenated blood from the whole body back to the heart?

Brachial vein

What muscle is the strongest elbow flexor?

Brachialis

C5, 6 radial nerves are the inNervations for which of these muscles?

Brachioradialis

What is a mechanical component of cross-fiber friction?

Breaks up and reforms scar tissue

Which would be the inNervation of the scalenes?

C3-8 ventral nerves

The arterioles connect to?

Capillaries

Arterioles connect to ______________ and then______________?

Capillaries / venuoles

What major artery passes deep and medial to the SCM and is the primary supplier of blood to the head and neck?

Carotid artery

What is another word which means superior?

Cephalic

A _________ is awarded upon completion of a course.

Certificate

What body systems is in charge of regulating body temperature and transporting nutrients / hormones?

Circulatory

Which of the following body systems is in charge of regulating body temperature and transporting nutrients / hormones?

Circulatory

Hypertension is an elevation in blood pressure above the normal range for prolonged periods of time and can be termed a(n):

Circulatory pathology or dysfunction

Varicose veins are abnormally large and bulging veins caused by impaired function of the venous valves and is termed a(n):

Circulatory pathology or dysfunction

Which bone articulates with the sternum to create the SC or Sternoclavicular joint?

Clavicle

Acknowledging your limitations as a therapist and referring clients to an appropriate health care professional when needed is part of what:

Client relationships

___________ is a declaration of the general principles of acceptable, ethical, and professional behavior by which massage therapists agree to conduct their practice?

Code of ethics

Once you discover a transference pattern in your client, it is better to respond by:

Coming to terms as to what is really happening now and not what happened 10 to 20 years ago

__________ is the study and development of a particular skill or professional knowledge base associated and applied within a scope of practice.

Competency

Lyme disease is an inflammatory arthritide that is defined as a(n):

Complex rheumatic disease that affects many systems of the body

What are the mechanical effects for Direct pressure friction

Compresses and spreads tissue and temporary ischemia

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is defined as a(n):

Condition distinguished by persistent fatigue

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a condition involving compressions of the median nerve and is termed a(n):

Condition of the PNS

What types of tissue would be described as forming a frame for the body that is both fibrous and elastic?

Connective tissue

What are the four traits of muscle tissue?

Contractility, extensibility, elasticity, and irritability

When describing anything about the spine close to the head which of the following terms would be the most anatomically correct?

Cranial

A person suffering from apnea may be?

Cyanotic. Cyanosis is a condition that occurs from insufficient oxygen in the blood out of normal pH range.

The purpose of a post-event sports massage is to?

Decrease delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS)

What physiological effects is a mechanical component of petrissage?

Decreases adhesions

Increasing peripheral circulation is a reflexive effect of what type of treatment technique?

Deep Effleurage

Decreasing pain is a reflexive effect of what type of treatment technique?

Deep effleurage

What are the mechanical effects for deep effluerage

Deep effleurage mechanical effects: stretches veins and lymph vessels, + venous and lymph flow, + waste removal (lymph), moves nutrients through vessels, compresses and stretches fascia, warms superficial tissue and fascia, desquamation of dead skin cells.

Choose the two muscles that horizontally ADduct the glenohumeral joint?

Deltoid (anterior) and pectoralis major (upper)

Choose from the following the seven extensor muscles of the glenohumeral joint?

Deltoid (posterior), latissimus dorsi, teres major, infraspinatus, teres minor, pectoralis major (lower) and triceps brachii (long head)

The cephalic vein, clavicular artery, and pectoral nerves are structures within this triangle:

Deltopectoral triangle... also known as Clavipectoral triangle

What does the endocrine system do for the lymphatic system/immunity?

Depresses the immune response and inflammation

Which muscle lowers the lip?

Depressor labii inferioris

Sebaceous glands are found in which layer of tissue?

Dermis

What forms the floor of the thoracic cavity?

Diaphragm

Which joint category is freely movable?

Diarthrosis

Pressure against the interior abdominal wall may separate the rectus abdominus at the linea alba, this is called:

Diastasis recti

Which system provides nutrients to the blood for RBC and hemoglobin formation?

Digestive

Affecting meridians is a reflexive effect of what type of treatment technique?

Direct pressure friction

Which term would be used to describe the positioning of the hand in relation to the shoulder?

Distal

With regard to directional terms, the feet would be considered?

Distal or inferior

Which joint is not part of the elbow?

Distal radioulnar

If a person does not consent to you giving them emergency care, what should you do?

Do not give care and call 911

A __________ is an overlapping alliance that a client and therapist share in addition to the therapeutic relationship.

Dual or Multidimensional relationship

The cervical spine has three joints, the atlanto-occipital allows flexion/ extension and lateral flexion and is termed what type of joint?

Ellipsoid

This system influences skeletal muscle strength and mass in the homeostatic relationship between systems

Endocrine

What body systems is in charge of muscular development?

Endocrine

What system regulates the uptake and release of calcium?

Endocrine

What would the membranous lining of the medullary cavity be called?

Endosteum

Emphysema is a respiratory pathology that is defined as a(n):

Enlargement of the air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles and the destruction of the alveolar walls

What helps regulate blood sugar levels?

Epinephrine Glucagon Insulin

What would best describe the movement of the foot so the plantar surface is rolled outward?

Eversion

If glucose is found in urine, it is called glycosuria, what is a possible cause?

Excessive sugar intake or diabetes mellitus

What is the action of the long head of the tricep

Extends and adducts the shoulder

To assess the strength of the rhomboids, place the client in a prone position with the affected humerus ABducted at 90 degrees. Have the client internally rotate the shoulder and ask them to move the humerus into __________.

Extension

The Triceps Brachii has one action at the elbow or humeroulnar joint and two actions on the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. What are the two actions the long head performs at the shoulder

Extension and ADduction

The superficial pectoralis major is divided into three sections; clavicular, sternal, and costal fibers. This muscle also is an antagonist to itself with its upper and lower fibers. What is the action of the lower fibers?

Extension of the glenohumeral joint

The lateral posterior levator scapula muscle has one bilateral action and four unilateral actions that it performs. What is the one bilateral action?

Extension of the head and neck

Which two muscles work together to ADduct the radiocarpal joint?

Extensor carpi ulnaris and flexor carpi ulnaris

Decubitus ulcers are skin lesions caused by:

External pressure, shearing, or friction forces

The testes release a steroid androgen to support sperm formation, what two hormones regulate their release?

FSH and LH

In CPR/First aid you must think F.A.S.T. for a stroke. What does F.A.S.T. stand for?

Face - Arm - Speech - Time

What are the joints of the skull filled with?

Fibrocartilage

What is on the lateral/distal end of the tibia and articulates with the fibula?

Fibular notch

The biceps brachii has three actions, one for each joint it crosses; Humeroulnar, proximal radioulnar, and glenohumeral joints. What are the three actions?

Flex elbow, supinate the forearm, and flex the shoulder

What group of muscles works bilaterally to flex and extend the vertebral column?

Flex: external and internal obliques, extend: spinalis, longissimus and iliocostalis

The biceps brachii has three actions, one for each joint it crosses; Humeroulnar, proximal radioulnar, and glenohumeral joints. What is the action on the glenohumeral joint?

Flexion

When accessing the scalenes, you have the head rotated slightly to the opposite side, what action will make the scalens stand out?

Flexion

What two actions do the biceps femoris perform?

Flexion and extension...Flexes the knee and extends the hip. It also tilts the pelvis posteriorly, laterally rotates the hip, and laterally rotates the knee when flexed.

What does Resisted ROM test?

For a strain or the strength of the muscles performing the action

According to F/C or Foreman and Croft Classification on Whiplash, what is a Type 3 impact?

Front impact

Which muscle raises the eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead?

Frontalis

A(n) _____________ helps the therapist to analyze imbalances in how the client walks.

Gait assessment

The ___________ is a strong plantarflexor and crosses both the knee and the ankle joints?

Gastrocnemius

Inflammatory bowel disease is used to identify Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, it is termed a(n):

Gastrointestinal concern

What must you do in a chocking or breathing emergency where the person is conscious and unable to cough, speak, or breathe?

Give back blows and abdominal thrusts

Which proximal structure does the humerus articulate with?

Glenoid fossa

Which muscle laterally rotates the thigh

Gluteus maximus

Which non-swedish massage technique is used to reduce muscle tone and spasm?

Golgi tendon organ (GTO) release

The _______________ is the insertion for three of the four rotator cuff muscles; supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor?

Greater Tubercle

What is the name of the indentation just under the posterior inferior iliac spine on the ilium?

Greater sciatic notch

Where does the sciatic nerve pass through the pelvis?

Greater sciatic notch

Inflammatory arthritides is a systemic concern and is defined as a(n):

Group of inflammatory diseases affecting connective tissue including joints

Which muscle would you stretch to relieve a runner who is complaining of a hamstring spasm?

Hamstring

What actions are not part of the SITS muscle group?

Horizontal ADduction and flexion

To properly treat chronic plantar fasciitis, what hydrotherapy treatment would be most efficient?

Hot moist hydrotherapy followed by stretching of the gastrocnemius and soleus

What are reflexive effects for direct pressure friction

Hyperemia (secondary to ischemia), relaxes muscles and decreases hypertonicity (through the NS or golgi tendon organ- on tendon), decreases pain, decreases spasm, increases vasodilation, increases peristalsis (on abdomen), affects meridians (shiatsu and acupressure), and decreases sinus congestion.

For the effectiveness of the massage, a comfortable balance of communication from both the client and the therapist is:

Ideal for treatment

The coxal joint has four ligaments that support the joint capsule, which ligament reinforces it anteriorly?

Iliofemoral ligament

What three bones fuse together to form the pelvis?

Ilium, ischium, and pubis

A wound is a disruption of the continuity of the skin, which type of wound is clean with approximated edges?

Incision

What is a reflexive effect for deep effleurage?

Increases skin metabolism

What physiological effects which is a reflexive effect for deep effleurage?

Increases skin metabolism

What is a mechanical component of petrissage?

Increases venous flow

Using your forearm to apply broad and deep pressure can decrease the MT's potential of injury to their hand and wrist joints, what is another benefit to using this tool?

Increasing circulation faster than any other tool

Bursitis is defined as:

Inflammation of a bursa

Lateral rotation of the humerus is the action of which muscle?

Infraspinatus

What two muscles are complete synergists and part of the rotator cuff muscles?

Infraspinatus and teres minor

The Pancreas is a major endocrine gland that releases two representative protein hormones, what are they?

Insulin and glucagon

What body system is responsible for protection against chemical damage?

Integumentary

Name the two most important muscles for breathing?

Intercostals/obliques

which is the fluid that resides in the spaces between the body's cells?

Interstitial fluid

Where are the amphiarthrotic joints found in the body?

Intervertebral bodies and pubic symphysis

The autonomic nervous system controls?

Involuntary functions Breathing Heart rate

While giving an assessment there are three types of questions you ask to obtain relevant information for the treatment plan; General, Specific, and Pain questions. Which of the following is a General question?

Is there a family history of the presenting complaint?

What is the strongest area of the pelvis

Ischial tuberosity

What does the dermis contain

It is rich in blood vessels the dense connective tissue layers; upper papillary and deep reticular, also contains nerves.

What does diaphragmatic breathing do to the nervous system when it breaks the pain-spasm cycle?

It promotes relaxation to decrease the sympathetic nervous system firing

Hypomobility is a loss of motion at the joint this includes the loss of normal joint play, it is termed a(n):

Joint dysfunction

Osteoarthritis is a group of chronic, degenerative conditions that affect the articular cartilage and subchondral bone, it is termed a(n):

Joint dysfunction

How is edema caused by heart or kidney disease?

Kidneys regulate blood volume and an increase in fluid volume can overload the heart

Diabetes affects the entire body but some of the systems deteriorate at a more noticeable rate than the others. These systems are the?

Kidneys, eyes, and peripheral nerves

What is the study of the anatomical movements of the body?

Kinesiology

What chemical compound does the liver remove from the blood to regulate metabolism

Lactic Acid

Which muscles Adduct the glenohumeral joint?

Latissimus dorsi, teres major, infraspinatus, teres minor, pectoralis major (all fibers), triceps brachii (long head) and coracobrachialis

What muscle would be affected if the area of the superior angle on the scapula was tender to the touch?

Levator Scap

Moving the neck laterally and elevating the scapula are actions of which of these muscles?

Levator scapula

When using cross-fiber friction for this structure, it is best to use appropriate tension using a shortened position:

Ligaments

Decreasing pain is a reflexive effect of what type of treatment technique?

Light and Deep Effleurage

Which area of the femur is the site of insertion for the muscles that are in charge of ADduction?

Linea Aspera

Which area of the femur is the site of insertion for the muscles that are in charge of ADduction?

Linea aspera

Increasing muscle extensibility is a mechanical effect of what type of treatment technique?

Linear or circular friction

A trigger point in the posterior deltoid will refer pain to:

Locally in the posterior deltoid

In case a client sues, what type of insurance do MT's buy to cover their work?

Malpractice

In 1920 the Chartered Society of _____________________ was formed?

Massage and Medical Gymnastics

For a tendon with a synovial sheath, how is the tendon placed in order to smooth out rough surfaces:

Maximum stretch

Fine vibration and light effleurage have no:

Mechanical effects

What is the term for the area of the tibia that is distal and medial?

Medial malleolus

There are three levels of severity when classifying contusions, what are they?

Mild, moderate, and severe

What is a mechanical effect for deep effleurage?

Moves nutrients through vessels

Smooth, Cardiac, and Skeletal are all specialized types of what type of tissue

Muscle tissue

What body system detects sensations and controls movements?

Nervous

How many Kilocalories does each gram of fat produce?

Nine

How would you conduct a massage with a client that reports having dissociative disorder?

Observe and adjust the massage accordingly

What structure does the ischium and pubis ramus come together to form?

Obturator foramen

What lies posterior and inferior on the humerus?

Olecranon fossa

Muscles protect the _______.

Organs

Bursitis is a chronic condition and second to:

Overuse injuries

What are the four major common elements that make up the human body?

Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and Nitrogen

Hydrotherapy is a form of complementary therapy that combines well with massage, one therapeutic use is analgesic which means a(n):

Pain relief

Insulin is released from the

Pancreas

What lobes is responsible for maintaining most sensory information with the exception of hearing, vision and smell?

Parietal

What is the primary protection for the knee joint?

Patella

__________ pertains to the study of disease in the human body.

Pathology

Which muscle has its origin at the sternum, ribs, and clavicle?

Pectoralis major

What muscle would you be assessing with a moderate depression of the scapulothoracic joint?

Pectoralis minor Trapezius (lower fibers), serratus anterior

To allow us to get a sense of the joint and musculature condition and avoid further injury to the client, it is best to:

Perform the Active ROM testing first

Nerves found in the trunk and appendages are considered?

Peripheral

Relaxing the nervous system is a reflexive effect of what type of slow treatment technique?

Petrissage

To maintain local circulation in a frozen shoulder condition, what technique would best be used on the periscapular muscles to increase drainage and venous return?

Petrissage

The examination, diagnosis, and treatment of abnormal nails and superficial excrescences is under which occupation's scope of practice?

Podiatric Medicine

In Active Inhibition techniques, the client reflexively inhibits or relaxes the muscle so it can be lengthened. Which of the following techniques utilizes breathing and specific eye movements to increase the stretch?

Post-isometric Relaxation (PIR)

The External jugular vein, Subclavian artery, and the brachial plexus are structures within this triangle:

Posterior triangle

Iliotibial band contracture is a thickening of the IT band and termed a:

Postural dysfunction

What best describes the term antalgic posture?

Posture assumed by the client in order to relieve pain

What elements in the body is a necessary component needed to conduct nerve impulses and muscle contraction?

Potassium

Which of the following elements in the body is a necessary component needed to conduct nerve impulses and muscle contraction?

Potassium

What is a reason for a suspension of your license?

Practicing under the influence of alcohol, drugs, or any illegal substances Practicing under an assumed name Having deceptive advertisements

The autonomic nervous systems sympathetic division (ANS) activates the hypothalamus to help regulate activity of the anterior pituitary gland to produce hormones from the endocrine system. What does the endocrine system do for the nervous system?

Produce hormones that influence metabolism of neurons

The endocrine system __________________.

Produces hormones and secretes them into the blood

What is the endocrine system responsible for?

Producing and transporting hormones

Osteoporosis is defined as a(n):

Progressive disease where the bones gradually become weaker and thinner, increasing fracture risks

A cramp is a

Prolonged muscle spasm

What group of muscles work together to protract and retract the mandible?

Protract: Lateral and medial pterygoids, Retract: Temporalis and digastric

When a therapist honestly represents all professional qualifications and affiliations they:

Provide appropriate information by openly displaying certifications

What anatomical position can be used to describe the quadriceps in relation to the plantar fascia?

Proximal

What bony landmark does the inguinal ligament attach to on the pelvis?

Pubic Tubercle

Blood that is unoxygenated moves into the lungs through the?

Pulmonary artery

Which muscle inserts at the transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae?

Quadratus lumborum

What is Hematuria

RBCs in the urine can be caused by bleeding in the urinary tract due to trauma, kidney stones, or infection.

According to F/C or Foreman and Croft Classification on Whiplash, what is a Type 1 impact?

Rear Impact

How can you tell you are having a transference reaction from a client?

Receiving a powerful reaction that is not justifiable to a reasonable person

The _______ is a major flexor muscle on the anterior surface of the body?

Rectus Abdominus

Which muscle attaches onto the cartilage of ribs five through seven?

Rectus abdominus

The spinous process of C2 is the origin for which of these muscles?

Rectus capitis posterior major

what is a psychological effect of massage

Reflexive with the neurological systems

A hypertonic muscle will _____ when applying acute pressure with deep strokes.

Release

Sinusitis can be an acute or chronic paranasal sinus inflammation and termed a(n):

Respiratory pathology

What body system removes carbon dioxide from the blood?

Respiratory system

When dealing with an injury, whether it is a dislocation, fracture, sprain or strain, what must be done?

Rest and Immobilize the injury Use a Cold pack Elevate the injured part

What must you do for a fresh injury that may be a dislocation, fracture, sprain, or strain?

Rest, Immobilize, Cold, and Elevate

Downward rotation and retraction (ADduction) of the scapula are actions of which muscles?

Rhomboid major

The urinary system functions to

Rid the body of nitrogenous wastes, and regulate water, electrolyte as well as acid-base balance of the blood

What section of the heart is utilized for pulmonary circulation?

Right

Deoxygenated blood returns to the?

Right atrium

You perform a P/ROM on your client and find a mild decrease in rotation of the neck to the left, what muscle would be shortened?

Right levator scapularis

What muscles would be assessed if your client is sitting down, actively rotating the neck to the opposite side?

SCM, scalenes and upper trapezius

What acronym is used for the signs of inflammation?

SHARP - swelling, heat, a loss of function, redness, and pain.

The spinal nerve plexus serving the posterior portion of leg and foot is the:

Sacral Plexus

The ________ ______ divides the body into left and right portions.

Sagittal plane

Which muscle group is located between the SCM and anterior flap of the Trapezius and unilaterally rotates the head and neck to the opposite side?

Scalenes

What three muscle groups are located in between the SCM and the anterior flap of the trapezius?

Scalenes, splenii, and levator scapula

You are required as a partner in a massage business to file a:

Schedule K

o test the anterior scalene muscles to see if they are the cause of your client's thoracic outlet syndrome, it is best to place them in what position:

Seated

_________ glands are found all over the skin, except on the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet?

Sebaceous

Which muscle has its insertion on the medial border of the scapula?

Serratus anterior

Which two muscles ABduct the scapula?

Serratus anterior and pectoralis minor

English writers in nineteenth century India used what word to describe massage?

Shampooing

According to F/C or Foreman and Croft Classification on Whiplash, what is a Type 2 impact?

Side Impact

What is the effectors of the somatic division in the nervous system?

Skeletal muscles

Which body system functions to protect organs and create motion?

Skeletal system

Sebaceous glands, sweat (sudoriforous) glands, hair, and nails are considered to be:

Skin appendages

The integumentary system refers to:

Skin, nails, hair, sweat and oil glands

The spleen is a?

Solid Organ

One of your athletes turned their ankle and heard a snap during a soccer game. The ankle is swollen and deformed, what would this indicate?

Sprain

What is the term for the medial aspect of the clavicle?

Sternal End

Bilateral flexion of the cervical spine is an action performed by which muscles?

Sternocleidomastoid, Anterior scalene, Longus capitis, and Longus colli

Which of the following is a reflexive effect of fine vibration?

Stimulates abdominal organs

What would you concentrate on doing with a client who has scoliosis?

Strengthen weak muscles and stretch shortened muscles

What are the physiological effects is a mechanical component of petrissage?

Stretches and broadens muscle fibers

What stage of frozen shoulder is your client in if their severe pain is diminishing?

Subacute

What muscle has its origin at the first rib?

Subclavius

The rhomboid major and minor are complete synergists and are located between the medial border of the scapula and the thoracic vertebrae spinous processes. Where do the rhomboids reside?

Superficial to the ESGs and deep to the trapezius

To palpate the common flexor tendon, it is best to have your client sitting with elbow in flexion with wrist:

Supinated

A person laying on the dorsal surface of the body could also be described as laying what other way?

Supine position

Which integumentary gland helps to regulate the body's temperature?

Sweat

Increasing body temperature is a reflexive effect of what type of treatment technique?

Swedish gymnastics

Which joint category is immovable?

Synarthrosis

The two joints which create inversion and eversion are:

Talocalcaneal (subtalar) and talocalcaneonavicular

Hyperemia is a reflexive effect of what type of treatment technique?

Tapotement

What are contraindications when working on trigger points associated with tension headaches?

Tapotement Cross-fiber friction Vigorous ischemic compressions

Which of the following are contraindications when working on trigger points associated with tension headaches?

Tapotement Cross-fiber friction Vigorous ischemic compressions

Which lobe responsible for processing memory and hearing information?

Temporal

What are the mechanical effects of direct pressure friction?

Temporary ischemia

After a contraction of a muscle it becomes inhibited and relaxes this is known as?

Tense-relax

What muscle is at the inferior angle on the lateral side of the scapula?

Teres major

What muscles attach to the linea aspera

The ADductor group; pectineus, gracilis, ADductor magnus, longus, and brevis.

Which body plane would divide the body vertically into a front and back portion?

The Frontal plane

Which organ system is in charge of regulating body temperature and preventing water loss?

The Integumentary System

The best way to assess a patients temperature is?

The back of your hand

The central nervous system consists of?

The brain and the spinal cord

What does Active ROM test?

The client's willingness and ability to contract muscles

The second layer of skin tissue is called?

The dermis

What is the term for the thickest outer layer of the spinal cord?

The dura mater

Which layer of the skin has no blood vessels?

The epidermis

Which muscle's origin attachment is not to bone?

The frontalis muscle...It is attached by a thin layer of tendon called an aponeurosis or galea aponeurotica that is also the origin for the occipitalis= occipitofrontalis.

What is the homeostatic relationship between the integumentary and nervous systems?

The integumentary system protects cutaneous sensory innervation to the skin

What is the name for the membrane that connects the tibia to the fibula?

The interosseous membrane

What body system regulates the sweat glands and blood vessels of the skin?

The nervous systems ANS sympathetic division regulates the sweat glands and blood vessels of the integumentary system to control the heat loss or retention. The integumentary system serves as a heat loss surface for the nervous system.

The kidneys in the urinary system helps to dispose of metabolic wastes, maintain proper electrolyte composition and pH of the blood to assist:

The neural functioning in the nervous system

What muscles originate at the linea aspera

The short head of biceps femoris, vastus lateralis, and medialis

The major components of the nervous system are?

The spinal cord and brain

Which bone is in the anterior mid line of the body?

The sternum

The Adam's apple is also known as

The thyroid cartilage

Why are the 11&12 ribs called floating ribs?

They are not attached to the sternum and connected by cartilage like the other ribs

Numbness and tingling in the arm and the medial 4th and 5th digits is a symptom of:

Thoracic outlet syndrome

During the digestive process food enters?

Through the pharynx

In order to program T lymphocytes you need what hormone?

Thymosin

The "anatomical stirrup" is comprised of what two muscles?

Tibialis anterior and fibularis (peroneus) longus. The attachment site for both these muscles is on the Medial cuneiform and base of the first metatarsal. The support of the anatomical stirrup (fibularis (peroneus) longus and tibialis anterior) helps prevent the collapse of the transverse arch.

In passive range of motion testing what two muscles are assessed when the foot is placed in eversion?

Tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior

What muscles would be treated in compartment syndrome or periostitis for the anterior compartment?

Tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum and extensor hallucis longus

What four muscles will stretch when you put the client's ankle into dorsiflexion?What four muscles will stretch when you put the client's ankle into dorsiflexion?

Tibialis posterior, soleus, gastrocnemius, and plantaris

The pectoralis minor inserts on the coracoid process of the scapula, if this muscle is hypertonic, it will?

Tilt the scapula anteriorly

What divides the body horizontally into an upper and lower portion?

Transverse

What muscles of the cervical spine extend the neck bilaterally?

Trapezius (upper), levator scapula, splenius capitis and cervicis

The three year training program for doctors of massage during the T'ang dynasty (619-907 AD) trained doctors to treat what kind of pathologies?

Treatments for fractures, diseases, injuries, and wounds

What muscles are in charge of extending the elbow?

Triceps brachii and ancones

The valve that goes from the right atrium to the right ventricle is called the?

Tricuspid valve

What is the term used for one muscle that contains three divisions?

Tripartite

Which bone of the forearm forms the joint with the humerus?

Ulna

Which of the forearm bones is slightly longer?

Ulna

What system of the body removes waste from the circulatory system?

Urinary

Which type of pain arises from visceral distension or ischemia, or strong, abnormal gastrointestinal conditions?

Visceral pain

The membrane closest to the lungs is called the?

Visceral pleura

When treating a client with torticollis, you should avoid:

Working over the pulse of the carotid triangle and full stretches to the SCM

What is Bilirubinuria

bile pigment in the urine can be caused by liver disease

What are the 4 flexors of the GH joint

deltoid (anterior), pectoralis major (upper), biceps brachii and coracobrachialis

What is the Periosteum

double-layered connective tissue that covers and nourishes bone.

What are the reflexive effects of tapotement

hyperemia (secondary to ischemia), stimulation of the nervous system, muscles, vessels, skin and also induces numbing effect if prolonged more then three minutes, increase muscle tone (contract/ relax response), brief vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation, increase in circulation, stimulates organs (lungs and abdominal organs/LB), increases gaseous exchanges, and increases cellular activity.

What are the mechanical effects of tapotement

loosens mucus in thoracic cavity, temporary ischemia

What is the Alexander Technique

promotes education in movement to improve posture and adjust conditioned patterns of movement.

What is Pyuria

pus or WBCs and bacteria caused by a urinary tract infection

Trigger points in the subscapularis can refer or be felt in the

scapula, posterior shoulder, down the posterior arm (deltoid) to the elbow, and around the wrist like a watch strap

What are the reflexive effects of Swedish Gymnastics

stimulates the nervous system, increases blood pressure, increases body temperature, and affects proprioception (body awareness).

What are the Strata layers, deep to superficial

stratum basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, and corneum.

What are the mechanical effects of Swedish Gymnastics

stretches muscles, increases circulation and nutrition to joints (active), increases waste removal (active), decreases adhesions, and increases ROM and flexibility


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