History-120 chapter 13

Texas annexation was not at the forefront of American politics until President John Tyler used it as a rallying cry for his bid for reelection in 1844. Identify the statements that correctly describe the reactions to the annexation of Texas.

A letter by Secretary of State John C. Calhoun to President Tyler linked the idea of absorbing Texas directly to the goal of strengthening slavery in the United States. Prospective presidential candidates, Henry Clay and Martin Van Buren, met and agreed to reject the immediate annexation of Texas on the grounds it might lead to war with Mexico.

The Know-Nothing Party believed that only native-born Americans should hold office and the "aggression" of the Catholic Church needed to be halted.

True

Click on the areas of the map that were open to slavery by popular sovereignty in the 1850s.

Utah Territory New Mexico Territory Nebraska Territory Kansas Territory

What arguments did southerners advocating secession from the Union put forth?

-They were concerned that Republicans would extend their party into the South by appealing to non-slaveholders -They were concerned about a Republican-dominated government and what it would mean for the South.

Analyze the following sketch from a Richmond, Virginia, cartoonist, done in April 1861, and then complete the following statement. In this cartoon, the cat, depicted as [...], seeks to catch the mice, representing the [...], whereas the rat, symbolizing the [...] lies dead, underscoring the futile effort to hold the nation together.

1. Abraham Lincoln 2. Seceded states 3. Union

The path leading the nation to civil war culminated in the firing on Fort Sumter in April 1861. This chapter outlines the pivotal events between 1840 and 1861 leading to civil war. Place the following key events in chronological order.

1. The Mexican war 2. the compromise of 1850 3. the Dred Scott decision 4. the election of Abraham Lincoln

The Supreme Court ruling Dred Scott v. Sandford held out hope of settling the slavery controversy once and for all. Scott had accompanied his owner to Illinois and Wisconsin where slavery was [...]. Scott sued for his freedom, claiming that residence on [...] made him free. The Supreme Court ruled that [...] could be citizens of the United States

1. illegal 2. free soil 3. only whites 4.unconstitutional 5.restricting

Identify the statements that describe westward migration and the factors that contributed to the movement in the 1840s.

A severe economic depression in 1837 sparked a large migration westward in search of opportunity. Between 1840 and 1860, hundreds of thousands of men, women, and children emigrated to Oregon and California.

Analyze the presidential election of 1856 map, and then match each political party to its correct description(s). Please note that some labels or targets may not be used.

American gained only one state Democrat captured support in both northern and southern states captured the recently admitted state of California gained 174 electoral college votes

The Free Soil Party wanted to stop the expansion of slavery into the West. Identify the reasons people supported the Free Soil Party platform.

Correct Answer(s) -Northerners saw moving West as a form of economic betterment, so if the Free Soil Party blocked slavery's expansion, ordinary Americans wouldn't have to compete with plantations to have access to the land. -The Free Soil platform appealed to racist thinking in the North as it did not include emancipation or equal rights -the Free Soil Party would create more free states, which would break southern domination of the federal government.

Senator Stephen A. Douglas hoped to apply the principle of popular sovereignty to the Kansas-Nebraska Act. Identify what "popular sovereignty" means and how it was used in Douglas's reasoning.

Correct answers: -Popular sovereignty is the principle that people should rule, and as such the status of slavery should be determined by the votes of local settlers and not Congress -Popular sovereignty was seen as a political middle ground on the issue of slavery.

Identify the statements that describe the population at the time of Mexican independence from Spain in 1821.

In California, there were around 20,000 Indians living and working on land owned by religious missions. New Mexico consisted of 30,000 persons of Spanish origin, 10,000 Pueblo Indians, and an indeterminate number of nomadic Indians.

Identify the statements that describe the U.S. railroad system in the 1850s.

Most of the new railroad construction in the 1850s occurred in Ohio, Illinois, and other states in the Old Northwest Territory. Between 1848 and 1860, railroad workers added thousands of miles of new tracks. The railroads completed the reorientation of the Northwest's trade from the South to the East.

The Republican Party of the 1850s stood for "free labor" and "free soil." Which of the following statements describe the Republican stance on slavery and labor?

Republicans were not abolitionists; they focused on preventing the spread of slavery, not attacking it where it already existed. Republicans acknowledged that it was difficult for some white northern laborers to improve their lives and promised to help create more opportunities for them.

Analyze the Voices of Freedom document in the chapter, titled Declaration of the Immediate Causes of Secession (1860). Then, complete the following statement. Click here to review the reading.

South Carolina's Declaration of Secession argued that South Carolina seceded from the Union because northerners have encouraged runaway slaves, elected a president hostile to slavery and its expansion, and worked to minimize the power of slave-holding states.

How did southerners view slavery and its expansion in the mid-nineteenth century?

Southerners believed that slavery was like any other form of property and therefore could expand into newly acquired territory. Southerners argued that they fought in the Mexican War and therefore earned the right to take their slaves into the newly acquired territory.

What does this map reveal about the U.S. railroad network in the 1850s?

The North had the highest concentration of railroad mileage in the United States. Trunk lines linked eastern industrial centers with western farming and commercial centers.

Read and analyze the document from the chapter, titled "Letter to the Middletown Sentinel and Witness," derived from a letter written to a local Connecticut newspaper in 1850. In the excerpt below, six residents from Middletown, Connecticut, react to the passage of the Fugitive Slave Act. Click on the excerpts below where the residents describe their intent to disobey the new law.

When an enactment, falsely calling itself law, is imposed upon us, which disgraces our country, which invades our conscience, which dishonors our religion, which is an outrage upon our sense of justice, we take our stand against the imposition. When our sense of decency is clean gone forever, we will turn slave catchers; till then, never. Be the consequence what it may, come fines, come imprisonment, come what will, this thing you call law we will not obey.

When John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry failed and he was tried for treason, his last words before he was executed on December 2, 1859, were, "I ... am quite certain that the crimes of this guilty land will never be purged away but with blood." What did his quotation foreshadow?

civil war

Which of the following are valid statements about the election of 1844?

correct: -President John Tyler used Texas annexation to facilitate his campaign and gain support from southerners. -Whig candidate Henry Clay rejected annexation of Texas because he did not want to inflame sectional tensions.