History Chapter 19

An example of a Creole language that has survived for centuries is Gullah, used by the isolated communities along the coastal islands of Georgia and _______. South Carolina The Bahamas Haiti Florida

South Carolina

Although the precise number of Africans transported to the Americas in the slave trade is difficult to determine, nearly half of the total were sent to ________. Brazil Mexico Cuba The North American colonies

Brazil

The Songhay empire was able to acquire gold by taxing the markets of Timbuktu and _______. Taghaza Walata. Gao Kano

Gao

The demand for slave labor reached new heights in Brazil when: Gold was discovered in Minas Gerais in 1690. The church declared, in 1680, that Indians could be enslaved. Supplies of slaves dwindled as a result of the conversion of Benin to Christianity. The Portuguese ceded control of the territory to the Spanish.

Gold was discovered in Minas Gerais in 1690.

The unequal relations between Tutsi cattle breeders and ______ farmers froze into a caste system during the nineteenth-century colonial occupation. Malian Hutu Luo Boer

Hutu

By the sixteenth century, the capital of Kongo, M'banza, was comparable in size to. Beijing London Cairo Paris

London

African rulers sold slaves to the Europeans as: Luxury items to be exchanged for other luxury items. A means of preventing their conversion to Islam. A form of terrorizing their rivals in other African kingdoms. A competition with the Islamic slave traders on the East African coast.

Luxury items to be exchanged for other luxury items.

Between 1434 and 1472, _________ mariners explored the African coast as far east as the Bight of Benin. Dutch Spanish Portuguese British

Portuguese

The popularity of molasses and _________ caused an increase in sugar planting and slavery. Rum Candy Cotton Indigo

Rum

In the seventeenth century, the process of manumission was: Rendered impossible by prohibitive taxation. Gradually expanded, in order to facilitate social mobility across the "color line". A rarity that elicited much favorable response. Sometimes followed by the freedman's acquisition of his own slaves.

Sometimes followed by the freedman's acquisition of his own slaves.

In the Kongolese belief system, Portuguese Catholicism was: Questioned for its apparent condoning of the slave trade. Adapted to the indigenous African spiritual and cultural heritage. Rejected as a foreign import and haram in the eyes of true Muslims. Adopted by the lowest orders of society and had little impact on the elite.

Adapted to the indigenous African spiritual and cultural heritage.

The ruler Ewuare was the first to rise to dominance over chiefs and assume the title of king over _________. Benin Kongo Chad Ethiopia

Benin

As part of the African ________, Africans moved to nearly all parts of the Americas primarily as a result of the transatlantic slave trade. Diaspora Migration Resurgence Passage

Disapora

Although they were under frequent attack by Kanem-Bornu, the _________ kingdoms enjoyed periods of independence during which many of the ruling clans converted to Islam. Dahomey Loango Hausa São Tomé

Hausa

What greatly helped the Portuguese trade with West Africans for cloth and metal that were in demand in Europe? They had gold from Songhay which they could trade. They were able to convert many of the local chiefs to Christianity. They traded ordinary articles of daily life which were in high demand. They built forts on the coast from which to trade.

They built forts on the coast from which to trade.

The Atlantic system or the "_________" trade connected the American colonies with Africa and Europe. Hateful Triangular Circular Devil's

Triangular

In the 1440s, Portuguese mariners raided the ___________ coast for slaves. East African Moroccan Ethiopian West African

West African

Some slave-ship captains favored the "tight packing" method, deliberately overcrowding their human cargo on a Middle Passage voyage on the assumption that: The crew was more likely to be overpowered by a larger number of captives and the effort aborted. A higher number would survive if given marginally more room aboard. A higher number would survive if the transatlantic voyage was sped up by one month. A few more captives might survive than on a ship that was less crowded.

A few more captives might survive than on a ship that was less crowded.

James Oglethorpe's vision for the colony of Georgia included all of the following except: The welcoming of skilled craftsmen and laborers to the city of Savannnah. A ban on slavery and rum. An adoption of native Creek patterns of interaction with the natural environment. Close-knit neighborhoods built around common areas and public squares.

An adoption of native Creek patterns of interaction with the natural environment.

In "chattel" slavery, the slave is, in legal terms: Assigned only to agricultural labor. Communally owned by an enslaving state. An item of moveable personal property. Temporarily contracted to work as a slave.

An item of moveable personal property.

__________ would have been destroyed in a Muslim holy war had it not been for the timely arrival of a Portuguese fleet with artillery and musketeers in 1541. Yemen Kongo Ethiopia Adal

Ethopia

The average slave field hand on a sugar plantation was estimated to live: Five or six years. Until age 27 or so. Until age 50 for males; slightly longer for females. Twelve to fifteen years.

Five or six years.

Mercantilist economic theory dictates that: Merchants should be in control of all political decisions in the home country. Free and open markets will result in the best result for the largest number. People should not be bought and sold like property. Correct answer: States should keep their economies blocked off from competitors and import as little and export as much as possible.

States should keep their economies blocked off from competitors and import as little and export as much as possible.

In the middle of the seventeenth century, who built a fort to supply ships sailing around the Cape of Good Hope? The Dutch The French The Portuguese The English

The Dutch

Slaveowners constantly faced: The need for constant capital investment. The gathering influence of abolitionists in eighteenth-century society. The opposition of the Catholic church to the institution. The threat of insurrection.

The threat of insurrection.