HLTH 231 quiz 3

Stress has been associated with increased blood pressure and inflammatory responses. These are most closely associated with an increased risk for

CV disease

Which of the following is most likely to cause eustress instead of distress? -an impending promotion -losing your job -failing a test -the death of a grandparent

an impending promotion

An ongoing state of physiological arousal in response to stressors is known as

chronic stress

Stress management consists of

finding balance and developing coping strategies.

The part of the brain involved in controlling the body's overall reaction to stress is the

hypothalamus

Exercise reduces stress primarily by

increasing endorphins and reducing levels of stress hormones.

You really want to buy an expensive software program to help you with coursework, but your credit cards are maxed out and the rent is due next week. Which type of stressor is this?

money

One reason the validity of the Type A personality theory has been debated is that

not all Type A people experience negative health consequences.

The gland that secretes ACTH is the

pituitary

The strategy of reframing appraisals of stressors more positively and working toward future goals is known as

shift and persist

Luci has worked as a customer service representative for two years. She believes that this job has improved her ability to cope with a variety of stressful situations and is confident in her ability to do so. Luci is exhibiting which of the following personality traits?

self-efficacy

Which of the following is a key time management strategy that can reduce stress?

set clear implementation intentions toward a specific end

David woke up in the middle of the night because he smelled smoke. This most likely caused him to experience

the fight or flight response

Nathan's piano teacher is insisting that he practice more, while at the same time he is overloaded with assignments in his academic classes, worried about how he's going to make the final payments on this semester's tuition bill, and having trouble sleeping. Nathan is at high risk for

burnout

The sum of exposure to stressors, including complex traumas, is known as

cumulative adversity

Cortisol is secreted by the

adrenal glands

Hearing a piercing scream late at night while walking on a campus path would likely trigger which phase of the general adaptation syndrome?

alarm

Julia is extremely upset to discover a suggestive e-mail her boyfriend has sent to another woman. Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome applies to this situation?

alarm

Eating healthy foods helps in managing stress

although the precise reasons are not fully understood.

Relationships can cause stress in all the following ways EXCEPT -jobs with high expectations and low control. -aspiring to be the best one can be. -competition and conflicts with work colleagues. -excitement and eustress in the early stages of a new relationship.

aspiring to be the best one can be

Tessa is dreading her chemistry final. When she finds herself thinking that she's going to fail the exam, she tells herself, "No, I might not ace it, but I've been studying and I'm definitely going to pass." Tessa is engaging in a process referred to as

cognitive reconstructing

Which of the following is a useful strategy to prevent explosive anger?

develop realistic expectations of yourself and others

Peter recently ended a relationship when he found out his partner was cheating on him. This probably caused

distress

You have been a successful doctor of internal medicine for many years. You recently gave up your large practice in the city to join the staff of a small-town clinic where you will work four days a week. Which method are you using to manage stress?

downshifting

The primary hormone responsible for physiological stress responses such as increased heart and breathing rates is

epinephrine

After weeks of arguments, Riley and Schaeffer break up. They both spend most of the following weekend sleeping, eating, and watching TV. Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome are they now in?

exhaustion

To replenish vital energy stores, which of the following would be particularly helpful? -broadening one's social support system -a regimen of "energy-boosting" supplements -increasing alcohol intake to promote relaxation -getting more sleep and "down time"

getting more sleep and "down time"

Jake is an excellent student and seems pretty resilient. He is passionate about becoming a pediatrician someday, and perseveres despite a high stress level due to his heavy course load and tight finances. Which of the following traits does Jake demonstrate?

grit

Suicidal ideation is significantly associated with

high stress and low self esteem

Brian is considered a Type A personality by his friends because of his history of "road rage" and extreme competitiveness. All the following put him at increased risk for cardiovascular disease EXCEPT -his negative beliefs and hostile attitudes toward others. -his upbeat, glass-half-full approach to life. -bouts of anger ranging from irritation to rage. -his actions that often harm others verbally or physically.

his upbeat, glass-half-full approach to life

Which of the following is NOT an indicator that a person's sympathetic nervous system has been activated? -increased salivation -increased blood pressure -increased heart rate -increased respiration

increased salivation

Which of the following has been recommended as a method for managing stress?

keeping a journal to track your stressors, worries, and options

Chronic stress has a strong connection to all of the following medical conditions EXCEPT -hearing loss -diabetes -meningitis -migraines

meningitis

Chronic stress may cause structural degeneration and impaired function of the brain, increasing the risk for all of the following EXCEPT -Alzheimer's disease -dementia -meningitis -depression

meningitis

Makoto has a disability affecting his movement. Throughout high school, he has been rejected, teased, and bullied. Makoto has been experiencing

minority stress

The stress hormone cortisol plays a major role during the stress response in

mobilizing nutrients to meet energy needs

Of the following choices, the source of stress experienced by the greatest percentage of American adults is

money

Mariah is behind on her coursework because of training for the upcoming tryouts for the swim team. On top of that, she broke up with her boyfriend last week. Monica, her twin sister, does not participate on a sports team and has plenty of time to get her homework done before her boyfriend visits most evenings. Compared to Monica, Mariah is likely to experience

more upper respiratory illness

Jade's heart races and she cannot think of anything to say when the cute guy in class sits next to her. This is an example of

the stress response

All of the following are techniques used in the Chinese art of feng shui EXCEPT -picking up clutter daily. -coordinating the colors of your walls and your bed linens. -using sheer curtains that let in as much light as possible. -positioning your bed so that it is not aligned with the door.

using sheer curtains that let in as much light as possible

Jeff knows the midterm chemistry exam is going to be tough. He is trying to prepare for it by taking a practice test every night before he goes out with his buddies. Jeff is

using the technique of sleep inoculation

Which of the following forms of stress management also improves strength and flexibility?

yoga

All of the following are likely to influence your response to stressors EXCEPT -your general health status. -your past experiences. -your friend's level of stress. -your age.

your friend's level of stress

When acute stress bombards your brain with stress chemicals,

your memory may be impaired

Which of the following BEST describes a Type C personality? -hostile -stoic -distressed -relaxed

stoic

Which of the following statements regarding stress and hair loss is NOT true? -Stress may cause hair to fall out in clumps. -The most common type of stress-induced hair loss is telogen effluvium. -Stress-induced hair loss occurs when colonies of hair are pushed into an active phase. -Stress-related hair loss can occur in both men and women.

stress induced hair loss occurs when colonies of hair are pushed into an active phase

Which of the following forms of stress management originated as a form of self-defense?

tai chi

Downshifting refers to the process of

taking steps to simplify one's life

A sense of being overwhelmed by perceived obligations to stay connected online is

technostress

Research has shown that laughter results in all of the following EXCEPT -increased risk of heart disease. -decreased stress levels. -increased levels of oxygen in the blood. -pain reduction.

Increased risk for heart disease

Which of the following situations might contribute to impaired immune function? -You keep changing the diet, vitamin, and exercise regimen you follow to see faster results. -You purchase a new car when you get your first job offer. -You have a fairly calm demeanor and life rarely "stresses you out." -Your grandmother moves in with your family after being hospitalized due to a stroke.

Your grandmother moves in with your family after being hospitalized due to a stroke

Which of the following statements about the graduating class of 2016 is true? -Nearly two-thirds reported that they were moving back in with their parents to save money. -The graduates' average debt was about $17,000. -Experts estimate that about 5 percent of these graduates will default on their student loans. -More than 70 percent of these students graduated with significant debt.

More than 70 percent of these students graduated with significant debt.

Which of the following is TRUE about stress? -It is possible to eliminate all stressors in our lives if we try hard enough. -Stress does not affect a person's general health. -Stress is a mental and physical response to real or perceived changes and challenges. -Stress is only produced by externally imposed factors and is always negative.

Stress is a mental and physical response to real or perceived changes and challenges

Meditation has been proven effective in managing stress. Which of the following is NOT true about meditation? -There is only one meditation style that is considered effective. -Meditation allows the body to relax while the mind is focused. -It usually takes some effort and patience to learn to meditate. -Meditation involves some method of calming and focusing the mind.

There is only one meditation style that is considered effective

The body's attempt to restore homeostasis in the aftermath of a stress response is a(n) ________ response.

adaptive

Catrina just missed hitting a deer as she was driving along a dark, curving road. She felt her racing heart finally slow down after she pulled off the road and took a few deep breaths. This is an example of a(n)

adaptive response

Rudy lives behind a train depot. The train runs from 5AM until midnight, and causes significant noise and pollution. Rudy gets quite a few upper respiratory infections, which are likely due to

background distressors

To manage stress, the first step is to

identify and assess the stressors in your life

The immune system's ability to respond to assaults is known as

immunocompetence

Stress caused by not being able to accomplish all tasks and obligations in the time available is known as

overload

The feeling that you are overextended and that it's not possible for you to meet all the demands being placed up on you is known as

overload

Eleanor comes from a low-income family and struggles to pay for her tuition, room, board, and school supplies. The other students in her major all seem to have no trouble purchasing everything they need, as well as new clothes, meals off campus, concert tickets, and the latest technology. Lately, Eleanor has been struggling with feelings of inferiority, low self-esteem, and doubt that may be due in part to

relative deprivation

After Julia discovers a suggestive e-mail her boyfriend sent to another woman, she considers how to confront him about it. Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome applies to this situation?

resistance

Melanie grew up in extreme poverty, but won a full scholarship to a top liberal arts college. There, her sociology professor, who also comes from a poor family, has been helping Melanie to take a proactive approach to her current stressors and to focus on the future. These strategies are best classified as

shifting and persisting