Human A&P Quiz Cells

Which of the following processes require the use of protein carrier molecules?

facilitated diffusion and solute pumping

Looking into a microscope, you notice cells swimming, propelled by a long tail. What cell structure must these cells have in order to be mobile?

flagella

Which of the following is NOT considered a cytoplasmic organelle?

flagellum

Nutrients and ions can pass directly from cell to cell through special membrane junctions known as ________.

gap (communicating) junctions

Which of the following substances must travel across a membrane via facilitated diffusion?

glucose

The phospholipid tails are ________, which make the plasma membrane impermeable to water.

hydrophobic

A solution that contains fewer solutes than the cell is ________ to the cell

hypotonic

The organelle that contains enzymes produced by ribosomes and packaged by the Golgi apparatus is the ________.

lysosome

The organelle responsible for making the majority of ATP in a cell is the ________.

mitochondrion

What are the three basic parts or regions of a cell?

nucleus, intracellular fluid, organelles

The specialized cellular compartments within the cytosol of the cell are collectively called ________.

organelles

The passive process that involves the movement of water through aquaporins is ________.

osmosis

By what endocytosis process do some white blood cells engulf bacteria?

phagocytosis

What are two types of endocytosis?

phagocytosis and pinocytosis

What separates the intracellular fluid from the extracellular fluid?

plasma membrane

What assists the movement of substances by facilitated diffusion?

protein carrier or channel

________, a type of cell junction, anchor adjacent cells together and prevent cells from being pulled apart.

Desmosomes

Diffusion occurs when molecules move against their concentration gradients. (T or F)

False

Ribosomes are found attached to smooth endoplasmic reticulum or freely in the cytoplasm. (T or F)

False, Rough ER

Phospholipid tails are hydrophilic and are attracted to water. (T or F)

False, the heads are hydrophilic and tails are hydrophobic

Osmosis takes place when water goes from an area of low water concentration to an area of high water concentration. (T or F)

False, water concentration goes from high to low

Active processes, such as solute pumping, use ATP. (T or F)

True

The plasma membrane is a selectively permeable barrier. (T or F)

True

What is required for osmosis to occur?

aquaporins

The structural and functional unit of all living things is the ________.

cell

What is required for diffusion to occur?

concentration gradient

Cellular material located outside the nucleus yet inside the plasma membrane is the ________.

cytoplasm

The three major components of the cytoplasm are the ________.

cytosol, organelles, and inclusions

Passive processes that move substances across membranes ________.

do not require ATP

The membrane connections that prevent the leaking of fluid between cells are called ________.

tight junctions

The preparation of secretory vesicles for export from the cell is the responsibility of the ________.

Golgi apparatus

Which of the following is NOT a structural component of the nucleus?

Golgi apparatus

A cell is isotonic to the surrounding 4% dextrose solution. If the cell is moved to a 6% dextrose solution, then predict what will happen to the cell.

The cell will shrink.

Which of the following statements is NOT part of the cell theory?

The human body is composed of 50 to 100 trillion cells.