human growth hormone

how many amino acids are there?

191

what professional sports are currently testing for hGH?

NFL and MLB

hGH is an ______ which is ______ in nature.

amino acid; anabolic

how does GH affect exercisers?

anabolic steroids cause hypertrophy; hGH cause hyperplasia; hGH decreases body fat

where is hGH secreted from?

anterior pituitary gland

hGH is the most sought after drug among ______.

athletes

what is somatotrop adenomas?

benign tumors that may grow in and around the brain (headaches, blurred vision, etc.)

what test can hGH be detected through?

blood draws

what were the original intended uses for hGH?

children who suffered from growth disorders and adults who were not endogenously producing enough GH

how does exercise affect the action of hGH?

exercise stimulates endogenous hGH output in both men and women; aerobically and anaerobically

how does hGH cause hyperplasia?

increased amounts of RNA lead to increased protein synthesis; GH effects on muscle persist and do not wear off like the effects of anabolic steroids (endogenous levels that are elevated cause acromegaly)

what are complications that arise from needle sharing risks?

infection and skin scarring

can dwarfism be corrected by supplementary hGH?

yes

hGH is a ______ hormone.

peptide

what is pituitary gigantism?

rare, but results from a GH secreting tumor in children

what does hGH stimulate?

regeneration and growth and cell reproduction

what happens if hGH is abused?

somatotrop adenomas; acromegaly; pituitary gigantism

what is human growth hormone known as?

somatotropin or somatropin

what is acromegaly?

thickened jawbone, forehead, fingers and toes

hGH is initially undetectable through what standard test?

urine screen drug tests

is hGH ergogenic in those that are not GH deficient?

no

what is the NCAA and USOC status on hGH?

both have banned hGH

is affect of hGH action related to the inrensity of activity?

hGH is attenuated by age and level of activity even though GH levels do spike (post exercise) in elderly men and women who use contraceptives

exogenous GH administration to those who are deficient has been associated with what?

improvement in exercise performance (increased muscle mass and muscle strength)

why do athletes use hGH?

increases calcium retention, and strengthens and increases the mineralization of bone; increases muscle mass through sarcomere hyperplasia; promotes lipolysis; increases protein synthesis; stimulates the growth of all internal organs excluding the brain; plays a role in homeostasis; reduces liver uptake of glucose

what reasons that athletes take hGH have actually been proven?

increases muscle mass through sarcomere hyperplasia; increases protein synthesis

what are the potential complications of hGH?

long term effects of administration are not reversible (acromegaly); needle sharing risk; bad batches of synthetic hGH

does GH supplementation improve the muscular strength on non deficient endogenous GH power lifters?

no