HUSH Chapter 14 and 15 study guide

What resources did the US have during the industrial boom of the late 19th Century that made industry boom?

A lot of natural resources like timber, water, coal, iron, copper, silver, and gold

For what was Andrew Carnegie known? List answers

Andrew Carnegie was known for leading the expansion of the American steel industry in the late 19th century

Why did sections of cities develop into ethnic centers such as "Little Italy," and "Chinatown?"

Because ethnic groups stayed together. They stayed together to perserve culture, they spoke the same language and for support.

Why did immigrants desire to move to the US.

Because they all believed that america was very rich and that if they came to america they would also get rich. They had a false image of America, many assumed that America had enough money to cover their streets in gold. When they came they were shocked when they discovered that they had to work for very little money.

How did ethnic groups arrange themselves when they moved to the cities?

Ethnic groups stayed together so they could preserve their culture and give each other the needed support

How did John Rockefeller become rich?

He created the standard oil company

How did Thomas Nast help bring down William "Boss" Tweed?

He mainly used politcal cartoons since many of the immigrants could not read english but they could understand pictures. He used these political cartoons to expose the corruption of The Tweed Ring

What was the significance of the Bessemer Process?

It provided basic circuit protection for service

Who started the Settlement House Movement and what services were provided there?

Jane Addams. It provided support services to the urban poor and the european immigrants, often including education, healthcare, childcare, and employment resources.

Eugene Debs led which union?

the American railway union

What were some of the working conditions industrial laborers faced in the workplace? (length of day, wages, use of child labor, etc.)

No matter who they worked for the conditions were always very poor, it was unsanitary and dangerous. The pay was very little and the hours were very long.

The system installed to prevent further patronage was the

Pendleton Act in 1883

Political Machines gained their power by:

Political machines offered their voters and businesses in exchange for political or financial support

The event that lead to a desire to end the patronage system was:

The assassination of President James A. Garfield

The Chinese Exclusion Act:

The first law restricting immigration in the U.S

The first wave and second wave of immigrants.

The first wave of immigrants was mainly Irish Catholics. They came into the U.S because they were promised jobs and wealth. Also the great potatoe famine was staring to take over. The second wave of immigrants was mainly Italians and Russians. They were the ones that mainly take over.

By 1930, over 700,000 people had emigrated from Mexico. What was it that encouraged them to immigrate?

The great depression caused alot of people to lose jobs so they came to the west to look for jobs

The term "Guilded Age" refers to:

The time between the Civil War and World War I during which the U.S. population and the economy grew quickly,

Which of the union advocated "one big union" of all workers regardless of trade or field?

the industrial workers of the world (IWW)

The American Federation of Labor was a craft or "skilled" union. What is a craft/skilled union?

a labor union where everybody has the same skill

Between 1870 and 1920, what changed about the immigrants coming to the US from Europe?

there was a "flood" of immagrants, nearly 25 million europeans made the voyage to America

Most European immigrants immigrated through:

they mostly came through east coast facilities. Ellis Island

What are some wants of the National Labor Union?

they wanted better working conditions, wages, and reasonable hours.

How would a supporter of Social Darwinism view the problem of poverty?

they would view it as they are poor because they are weak and they would look down on them

What is an example of horizontal integration?

when 2 companies make the same products so they merge together and make one business

What is an example of vertical integration?

when you buy out the suppliers so you can control your own raw materials and business

The Credit Mobilier Scandal involved:

illegal manipulation of contracts by a constitution and finance company associated with the building of the union pacific railroad

What effect did the railroads have on the growth of the US?

it lowered the cost of transportation for many kinds of goods

How did the development of urban transportation networks, such as trains and subways, affect the growth of cities?

jobs increased

What are examples of corruption/graft during the era?

many congressmen would accept cash and stock bribes in return for appropriating inflated federal funds for the construction of the transcontinental railroad