HW QOTD test 4

human 23; frog 12

A human skin cell contains 46 chromosomes. A frog sperm cell contains 12 chromosomes. Which pair of numbers shows the chromosome number of a normal gamete from each of these species? (August 2014)

genes being expressed in different ways due to environmental conditions

A hydrangea plant has blue flowers when grown in acidic soil, but has pink flowers when grown in basic soil. A clone of the pink-flowered plant is grown in acidic soil and produces blue flowers. This change in flower color is most likely due to (January 2015)

His skin cells, only

A man is exposed to large amounts of ultraviolet radiation while sunbathing at the beach. This exposure causes a genetic change in the DNA of a skin cell. In the future, this change can be passed on to (June 2015)

every cell that develops from it

A normal sequence of DNA bases in a single human skin cell is CATGGC. If this sequence replicates in this cell and becomes GATGGC, this alteration will most likely be passed to (January 2015)

amount of variation between the parents and the offspring

A significant difference between the effects of the genetic information passed on from asexually reproducing parents to their offspring and sexually reproducing parents to their offspring is the (January 2015)

identical to that in the original body cell

A technique used to alter cells is represented in the diagram below. The genetic material contained in the nucleus of each of the new cells is most likely (January 2015)

have similar types of proteins

Brothers and sisters often have similar facial characteristics, such as nose shape or eye color, because they (January 2014)

environmental conditions affect gene expression

Corn seeds with identical genetic information were planted on two adjacent farms. The corn plants on one farm were well fertilized and grew large, while the plants on the other farm were not given fertilizer and did not grow as large. The best explanation for these observations is that (August 2014)

electrophoresis

DNA samples can be separated according to size using the technique of (June

female offspring would be unable to bite humans, since they cannot fly

Female mosquitoes spread diseases when they bite humans to obtain blood. It is only the females that do the biting. Research is being conducted to alter the DNA of male mosquitoes. These altered males could then mate with normal female mosquitoes. All of the resulting female offspring would have wing defects that prevent them from flying. One assumption from this research is that the (January 2014)

the sex of the offspring depends on the incubation temperature

Fertilized eggs containing embryos from the same species of alligator were incubated at different temperatures. The sex of the hatched offspring is shown in the table below. A review of this data could lead to the conclusion that (June 2014)

85%

Fertilized eggs containing embryos from the same species of alligator were incubated at different temperatures. The sex of the hatched offspring is shown in the table below. The percent of surviving females at 32°C from the original number of eggs incubated was (June 2014)

can be used to overcome the effects of a harmful mutation

Goats have been genetically modified to produce an anticlotting protein in their milk. The protein is extracted from the milk and given to people who have inherited a disorder that causes their bodies to produce blood clots, which can be fatal. A benefit of the technology used to produce this protein is that it (June 2013)

Dolly and her DNA donor are genetically identical.

In 1996, scientists cloned the first mammal, a sheep. This technique involved the removal of the nucleus from an egg cell. The nucleus from a cell of another adult sheep was then inserted into this egg cell. Once this cell began to develop into an embryo, it was implanted into a third female sheep that later gave birth to a healthy lamb, Dolly. Which statement concerning Dolly is correct? (August 2013)

Genetic engineering

Information in segments of human DNA can be expressed by a bacterial cell as a result of (January 2015)

selective breeding of dogs over many years

Modern dogs are direct descendants of the gray wolf. They first appeared about 130,000 years ago. Today, there are about 150 different breeds of domestic dog, a few of which are shown below. The great variety of modern dogs can best be explained by (June 2014)

Selective breeding 1

Over the past few thousand years, humans have helped to bring about changes in many plant and animal species in order to make them more useful. Examples include strong workhorses, hunting dogs, large-eared corn, and beautiful flower varieties. These changes were primarily brought about by humans, using the process of (August 2013) 1.

Potatoes lacked variation

Potatoes were the main crop in Ireland in the 1800s. Almost the entire population of Ireland was dependent on a single variety of potato, the "lumper." These potatoes were reproduced by a method of asexual reproduction known as vegetative propagation. In the middle of the 1800s, a disease caused by a fungus killed almost the entire lumper crop within two years. As a result, millions of people in Ireland died of starvation. The most likely reason the potato disease was able to destroy the potato crop in such a short time is that the (January 2014)

Genes are inherited, but their expression can be modified by interactions with the environment.

Researchers recently discovered that when hammerhead sharks were moved to shallower water, resulting in exposure to increased light intensity, their backs turned a deep brownish black. Which statement best supports this observation? (January 2014)

Some people consider human genetic experiments unethical.

Scientists have successfully cloned animals, including large mammals such as sheep. Which statement provides the most likely reason that a human has not yet been cloned? (January 2014)

The expression of genetic information in the fish was influenced by their surroundings.

Several goldfish were kept in a small aquarium for several years. The fish grew to be approximately 6 centimeters long in the first year, and after that, growth in length stopped. These fish were later transferred to a large pond. In the pond, the goldfish grew much larger, reaching lengths of around 25 centimeters. Which statement provides the best explanation for the increased growth of the fish in the pond? (June 2014)

produce hormones for human use at a lower cost than other methods

The diagram below represents a scientific technique in use today. Scientists have used this technique to (June 2014)

the production of a human hormone by the bacterial cell

The diagram below represents a technique used in some molecular biology laboratories. Which phrase best describes a possible result of this process? (January 2014)

Mitosis

The diagram below represents a technique used to produce carrots. Which reproductive process determines the traits present in the cluster of cells? (June 2014)

pass the mutations on to the cells that develop from it

The diagram below represents the locations of two mutations in a strand of a DNA molecule. If this DNA is located in the nucleus of a skin cell, the cell will (August 2014)

produce the human protein coded for by gene X

The diagram below shows some of the DNA in a bacterium into which a human gene, X, has been successfully inserted. The bacteria that result from reproduction of this cell will most likely have the ability to (June 2015)

Biotechnology

The method used to alter the male mosquitoes is an example of an application of (January 2014)

Selective breeding was used to combine desirable traits from both varieties A and B.

The photographs below show different varieties of cattle and characteristics of each variety. Which statement best explains the development of variety C? (June 2015)

a result of genetic information being influenced by environmental conditions

The sex of turtle offspring is most probably (August 2013)

1. Asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction

Two cellular events that normally occur during two processes are represented below. Which row in the chart below correctly identifies the processes in which these events occur? (January 2015)

They have the correct child, because her genetic information came from both parents.

Which conclusion is valid based on the gel electrophoresis results? (June 2014)

Cloning

Which process produces only identical offspring? (June 2015)

Meisos and fertilization

Which processes lead to the greatest variety of genetic combinations? (January 2014)