hwst sg
How is a Makatea island created?
Coral reefs/atolls pushed above sea level by tectonic plates
This land division consists of a plot for gardening maintained by 'ohana.
Mo'o
Hawaiian word for Arts and Crafts
Na Mea No'eau
example of mokupuni
Oahu
ikua
October-noisy, clamorous, loud-voiced, voices of the elements
Hawaii born in state of
Pono
what is kapa and how is it used?
a fabric made from fibers of a plant, beat into different patterns used for clothes and blankets
plants and animals didn't need to be ____ in order to _____
aggressive, survive
mahi'a
agricultural practices developed around natural enviroment
The ____ is the most important traditional land division because it provided all resources necessary to sustain life.
ahupua'a
lei is an example of
an adornment
Hawaiian time was about the
appropriate time
Hula is an example of this definition of Hawaiian art
art a movement with a meaning/storytelling, done for procreation purposes
endemic
(adj.) native or confined to a particular region or people; characteristic of or prevalent in a field
How was Hawai'i able to be 100% self-sufficient?
-Honored environment and treated w/ respect (not overharvesting, learning best practices)-land division management-cultural values-kuleana and aloha for the environment-resourcefulness (wasting was not part of the culture)
How does negatively altering the environment negatively impact culture, people and practices?
-deep connections to the land, it can erode their cultural identity and connection to the land-displacement and migration-health and economic impact-erosion of traditions-loss of food and biodiversity
the 1778 population estimate in Hawaii was _____ based on evidence of ______
1 million, food production
What were some of the traditional purposes of tattoos in the Pacific
1. genealogical story 2. puberty 3. societal rank
how is Hawaiian art related to mana
1. made from environment 2. handmade with energy and aloha put in it
three main reasons why the atoll is considered among the most difficult places for life
1. no fresh water 2. no good soil 3. low resources
Natural species arrive to an island via one of the following ways
1. wings 2. waves 3. wind
ocean covers
1/3 of world
The Pacific Ocean is home to approximately how many islands?
10,000
How many islands are in Ka Pae 'Āina o Hawai'i?
132
Ka Pae 'Āina o Hawai'i
132 islands hawaiian archipelago Began over 100 million yrs Ago most isolated- 2000 miles away islands move 3 inches a year hotspot in pacific ocean chain stretches for 1500 miles
anahulu
3, 10 day weeks (moon cycle)
how much of the earth does the pacific cover?
30%
due to success of land divisions, Hawaiians only had to work
4 hours a day
Hawaii ___ percent rate of ____ species
95, endemic
island types
continental atoll makatea volcanic
ho'oilo
cool-wet season
The Happy Face Spider is an example of what type of species?
endemic
The _____ is the Single Largest _____ on the Development of a _____!
environment, influencer, culture
what is aumakua?
family guardian represented in a specific plant or animal
mahi i'a
farming fish
main source of Hawaiian protein is
fish
poepoe
full
What is the most important definition of Hawaiian art?
functional
How did Hawaiians specifically view their environment?
god, ancestor, provider values emphasize importance of aina and allowed for success
kau
hot-dry season (ikua)
lo'i
irrigated gardening system
hawaii is high in endemism because of its
isolation and variety of environments (95%0 endemic
Kapu and land management systems outline _______, because humans mess up ______
kuleana to 'āina, pono
continental island type includes
large land space old metamorphic rock makeup diverse resources fertile soil
atoll islands
low limestone islands remains of former volcanic island ring of coral reefs surround (lagoon) most difficult habitat for life tuamotu
good leaders in hawaii would be both
malama aina and kanaka
mahina
months, dictated by moon (29.5 day cycle)
Kaulana Mahina
moon calendar (place based methodology) dictates the seasons
farming, fishing, and religious practices are based on the
moon cycle
This land division ran from ____ into the _____.
mountains, sea
indigenous
originating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native.
mahi'ai and lawai'a
practices dictated by physical environment
what does an aumakua do?
provide protection, guidance, wisdom
makatea islands
raised limestone island coral reefs pushed above sea level by tectonic plates some have volcanic cores guam
continental islands
rock characteristics of continents island-arc old metaphoric rock (obsidian) diverse resources and fertile soil expansive land mass papau new guenia
volcanic islands
rock/lave material peak rising from sea floor restricted rock types reasonable soil wet windward/ dry leeward coral: barrier reef hawai'i (mountains, coastal cliffs, valleys)
staple crop of traditional Hawaiian diet?
taro
What is the complete definition of mālama 'āina?
to care for and nurture the land so she can care for us
Hawai'i is an example of the _____ island type
volcanic
Hawaii is _____ and __ out of __ climate zones
volcanic, 11/13
emi
waning, getting smaller
ho'nonui
waxing, getting bigger
most prized Hulu color
yellow because of its rarity
What values and practices can we utilize today in regards to Mālama 'Āina to impact positive change in Hawai'i?
be respectful and resourceful with the environment, only take what you need
