international business exam 2
Miranda is a cultural realist, which means she likely believes
a firm should adopt the ethics of the culture in which it is operating
according tot he chapter 6 a country has an _____________ ____________ advantage in the production of a product when it is more efficient than any other country at producing it
absolute advantage
Josiah was managing a factory in India, and had a decision to make. The factory used child labor, which he disapproved of, but he knew the families of these children might starve without their income. This situation, in which none of the available alternatives seems morally acceptable, is called
an ethical dilemma
Cross-cultural literacy refers to
an understanding of how cultural differences can affect business
________ ________ are the accepted principles of right or wrong governing the conduct of businesspeople
business ethics
which of the following is a closed system of stratification in which social position is determined by the family into which a person is born, and change in that position is usually not possible during an individual's lifetime
caste system
the most widely practiced religion in the world with some 2.20 billion followers is
christianity
A condition where pope tend to perceive themselves in terms of their class background and this shapes their relationships with members of other classes is known as
class consciousness
An upper-middle-class manager tends to have a hostile relationship with the working-class employees in the firm because of his tendency to perceive himself as superior to them based on his class background. In this example, the manager exhibits:
class consciousness
According to the _________ point of view, a firm should adopt the ethics of the culture in which it is operating
cultural relativism
When unit costs reductions associated with a large scale of output happens, it is called
economies of scale
the most widely spoken language in the world is
english
To foster ethical behavior, many business draft a code of ethics, which is an informal statement of the ethical priorities the company follows
false
XYZ Toys manufactures and sells small quantities of each of its products, but it can still benefit from economies of scale
false
a class system is a rigid form of social stratification in which the position person has by birth cannot be changed through his or her own achievements or luck
false
a firm's organizational culture refers to the values and norms that are shared among employees of an organization and those outside the organization
false
a manager from the US is sent to Nigeria to supervise the construction of a road. As a righteous morals, he is likely to learn the ethics and values of Nigeria and follow them, even if they don't concur with his own
false
because of its individualistic mind-set, japanese culture is more supportive of entrepreneurial activities than american culture
false
hofstede's study found that in masculine cultures, sex roles were less sharply distinguished, and little differentiation was made between men and women in the same job
false
norms are abstract ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable
false
porter's theory of national competitive advantage recommends unrestricted free trade between countries
false
the ethical obligations of a multinational corporation toward employment conditions, human rights, environmental, pollution, and the use of power are always clear-cut
false
the term social strata refers to the extent to which individuals can move out of the strata into which they were born
false
_____________ trade refers to a situation in which a government does not attempt to influence through quotas or duties what its citizens can buy from another country or what they can produce and sell to another country
free
Which of the following is a major benefit of engaging in free trade
it gives countries access to products that they cannot produce
Hofstede's masculinity versus femininity dimension looked at the relationship between gender and work roles and found that in
masculine cultures, sex roles were sharply differentiated, and traditional "masculine values" determined cultural ideals
_______ supports the idea that countries should export more than they import
mercantilism
Culture is
not static
Values and norms that are shared among employees of an organization refers to
organizational culture
the theory of comparative advantage suggests that trade is a ________ game in which all countries that participate realize economic gains
positive-sum
the idea that businesspeople should consider the social consequences of economic actions when making business decisions and that there should be presumption in favor of decisions that have both good economic and social consequences is known as
social responsibility
a firm's ___________ are individuals or groups that have an interest, claim, or stake in the company, in what it does, and in how well it performs
stakeholders
which of the following observations about the foreign government officials to gain business
the act outlawed the paying of bribes to foreign government officials to gain business
hofstede's uncertainty avoidance dimension considered
the extent to which different cultures socialized their members into accepting ambiguous situations and tolerating uncertainty
A country has an absolute advantage in the production of a product when it is more efficient than any other country in producing it
true
Heckscher-Ohlin theory supports the case for unrestricted free trade between nations
true
according to the new trade theory, firms that establish a first-moves advantage with regard to the production of a particular new product may subsequently dominate global trade in that product
true
apple's iPhone was unique when it first came out, with many features that no other phones had. As such, it enjoyed great success and dominated the cell phone market. This demonstrates the first mover advantage
true
both hindus and buddhists stress the afterlife and spiritual achievement rather than involvement in the world
true
ethical dilemmas are situations in which none of the available alternatives seems ethically acceptable
true
factor endowments refer to the extent to which a country is gifted with such resources as land, labor, and capital
true
from a profit perspective, it makes sense for firms to disperse their productive activities to those countries where they can be performed most efficiently
true
what is considered normal business practice in one country may be considered unethical in other countries
true
Hofstede's ________ dimension measured the extent to which different cultures socialized their members into accepting and tolerating ambiguity
uncertainty avoidance
Abstract ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable is called
value
Which of the following observations is consistent with Michael Porter's theory of national competitive advantage
Factors such as domestic demand and domestic rivalry explain nation's dominance in production
_______________ ___________ refers to a situation where a government does not attempt to influence through quotas or duties what its citizens can buy from another country
Free Trade
Which of the following theories emphasizes the interplay between the proportions in which the factors of production are available in different countries and the proportions in which they are needed for producing particular goods
Heckscher-Ohlin theory
OECD stands for
Organizational Economical Cooperation Development
__________ is the official ethical system of china
Confucianism