international business exam 2

Miranda is a cultural realist, which means she likely believes

a firm should adopt the ethics of the culture in which it is operating

according tot he chapter 6 a country has an _____________ ____________ advantage in the production of a product when it is more efficient than any other country at producing it

absolute advantage

Josiah was managing a factory in India, and had a decision to make. The factory used child labor, which he disapproved of, but he knew the families of these children might starve without their income. This situation, in which none of the available alternatives seems morally acceptable, is called

an ethical dilemma

Cross-cultural literacy refers to

an understanding of how cultural differences can affect business

________ ________ are the accepted principles of right or wrong governing the conduct of businesspeople

business ethics

which of the following is a closed system of stratification in which social position is determined by the family into which a person is born, and change in that position is usually not possible during an individual's lifetime

caste system

the most widely practiced religion in the world with some 2.20 billion followers is

christianity

A condition where pope tend to perceive themselves in terms of their class background and this shapes their relationships with members of other classes is known as

class consciousness

An upper-middle-class manager tends to have a hostile relationship with the working-class employees in the firm because of his tendency to perceive himself as superior to them based on his class background. In this example, the manager exhibits:

class consciousness

According to the _________ point of view, a firm should adopt the ethics of the culture in which it is operating

cultural relativism

When unit costs reductions associated with a large scale of output happens, it is called

economies of scale

the most widely spoken language in the world is

english

To foster ethical behavior, many business draft a code of ethics, which is an informal statement of the ethical priorities the company follows

false

XYZ Toys manufactures and sells small quantities of each of its products, but it can still benefit from economies of scale

false

a class system is a rigid form of social stratification in which the position person has by birth cannot be changed through his or her own achievements or luck

false

a firm's organizational culture refers to the values and norms that are shared among employees of an organization and those outside the organization

false

a manager from the US is sent to Nigeria to supervise the construction of a road. As a righteous morals, he is likely to learn the ethics and values of Nigeria and follow them, even if they don't concur with his own

false

because of its individualistic mind-set, japanese culture is more supportive of entrepreneurial activities than american culture

false

hofstede's study found that in masculine cultures, sex roles were less sharply distinguished, and little differentiation was made between men and women in the same job

false

norms are abstract ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable

false

porter's theory of national competitive advantage recommends unrestricted free trade between countries

false

the ethical obligations of a multinational corporation toward employment conditions, human rights, environmental, pollution, and the use of power are always clear-cut

false

the term social strata refers to the extent to which individuals can move out of the strata into which they were born

false

_____________ trade refers to a situation in which a government does not attempt to influence through quotas or duties what its citizens can buy from another country or what they can produce and sell to another country

free

Which of the following is a major benefit of engaging in free trade

it gives countries access to products that they cannot produce

Hofstede's masculinity versus femininity dimension looked at the relationship between gender and work roles and found that in

masculine cultures, sex roles were sharply differentiated, and traditional "masculine values" determined cultural ideals

_______ supports the idea that countries should export more than they import

mercantilism

Culture is

not static

Values and norms that are shared among employees of an organization refers to

organizational culture

the theory of comparative advantage suggests that trade is a ________ game in which all countries that participate realize economic gains

positive-sum

the idea that businesspeople should consider the social consequences of economic actions when making business decisions and that there should be presumption in favor of decisions that have both good economic and social consequences is known as

social responsibility

a firm's ___________ are individuals or groups that have an interest, claim, or stake in the company, in what it does, and in how well it performs

stakeholders

which of the following observations about the foreign government officials to gain business

the act outlawed the paying of bribes to foreign government officials to gain business

hofstede's uncertainty avoidance dimension considered

the extent to which different cultures socialized their members into accepting ambiguous situations and tolerating uncertainty

A country has an absolute advantage in the production of a product when it is more efficient than any other country in producing it

true

Heckscher-Ohlin theory supports the case for unrestricted free trade between nations

true

according to the new trade theory, firms that establish a first-moves advantage with regard to the production of a particular new product may subsequently dominate global trade in that product

true

apple's iPhone was unique when it first came out, with many features that no other phones had. As such, it enjoyed great success and dominated the cell phone market. This demonstrates the first mover advantage

true

both hindus and buddhists stress the afterlife and spiritual achievement rather than involvement in the world

true

ethical dilemmas are situations in which none of the available alternatives seems ethically acceptable

true

factor endowments refer to the extent to which a country is gifted with such resources as land, labor, and capital

true

from a profit perspective, it makes sense for firms to disperse their productive activities to those countries where they can be performed most efficiently

true

what is considered normal business practice in one country may be considered unethical in other countries

true

Hofstede's ________ dimension measured the extent to which different cultures socialized their members into accepting and tolerating ambiguity

uncertainty avoidance

Abstract ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable is called

value

Which of the following observations is consistent with Michael Porter's theory of national competitive advantage

Factors such as domestic demand and domestic rivalry explain nation's dominance in production

_______________ ___________ refers to a situation where a government does not attempt to influence through quotas or duties what its citizens can buy from another country

Free Trade

Which of the following theories emphasizes the interplay between the proportions in which the factors of production are available in different countries and the proportions in which they are needed for producing particular goods

Heckscher-Ohlin theory

OECD stands for

Organizational Economical Cooperation Development

__________ is the official ethical system of china

Confucianism