Into to Bio-Genetics and medicine quiz

True of False: Exons are non-coding and therefore removed from the mRNA.

False

True of False: tRNA is required for transcription

False

True or False: HOX genes found in different organisms are very different from each other.

False

True or False: Meiosis occurs in both somatic and germ cells to produce daughter cells with necessary genetic information.

False

True or False: Rosalind Franklin was awarded a Nobel Prize for her groundbreaking work in DNA x-ray diffraction.

False

True or False: The promoter region is the binding site for the lac repressor in E. coli.

False

True or False: RNAi is a mechanism for combating virus infections in plants.

True

True or False: The order of nitrogenous bases in DNA determines the order of amino acids in proteins.

True

What is the correct order of Mitosis stages? a) Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis b) Telophase, Prophase, Metaphase, Cytokinesis, Anaphase c) Prophase, Metaphase, Telophase, Anaphase, Cytokinesis d) Metaphase, Prophase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis

a) Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis

In order for DNA replication to proceed, primase must add a a) RNA primer b) Okazaki fragment c) DNA primer d) Transcription factor

a) RNA primer

Ribosomes a) are composed of RNA and protein b) are the power house of the cell c) translate DNA to RNA d) transcribe DNA to RNA

a) are composed of RNA and protein

How many codons are needed to specify six amino acids? a) 18 b) 6 c) 2 d) 12 e) 9

b) 6

Which of the following is NOT a possible cause of epigenetic changes? a) diet b) DNA mutations c) environmental factors d) nicotine and alcohol

b) DNA mutations

After fertilization the zygote or fertilized egg has a) a haploid chromosome number - two from each parent b) a diploid chromosome number - one from each parent c) a diploid chromosome number - two from each parent parent d) a haploid chromosome number - one from each parent

b) a diploid chromosome number - one from each parent

What is most likely responsible for the appearance of the mutant fruit fly shown on the right? a) a mutation causing incorrect packaging of the DNA b) a mutation in a hox gene c) a mutation in the limb operon d) a mutation causing incorrect gene translation e) a mutation forming a tumor

b) a mutation in a hox gene

What type of RNA is considered coding RNA? a) cRNA b) mRNA c) rRNA d) tRNA e) miRNA

b) mRNA

In eukaryotes, DNA replication occurs in a) both 3'->5' direction and 5'->3' direction b) 3'->5' direction c) 5'->3' direction d) the cytoplasm

c) 5'->3' direction

The central dogma in molecular biology refers to a) RNA->DNA->RNA b) DNA->Protein->RNA c) DNA->RNA->Protein d) a puppy's mother

c) DNA->RNA->Protein

RNA polymerase: a) attaches to DNA to make protein b) is a component of ribosomes c) attaches to DNA to make RNA d) is found exclusively outside of the nucleus

c) attaches to DNA to make RNA

Which of the following is FALSE: a) eukaryotes use multiple mechanisms to regulate gene expression b) gene regulation determines which genes are expressed within any given cell c) cells differ genetically to produce specific/unique cells in the body d) almost every cell in the human body contains a complete copy of the human genome e) Non of the statements are FALSE

c) cells differ genetically to produce specific/unique cells in the body

DNA replication results in two DNA molecules, a) each with two new strands b) one with two new strands and the other with two original strands c) each with one new strand and one original strand d) each with two original strands

c) each with one new strand and one original strand

If lactose is passively imported into a bacterial cell this will result in a) a switch in metabolism in the cell from use of sugars to another source b) prohibiting the expression of the lactose operon c) expression of the lactose operon by inactivating the lac repressor molecule d) overall decreasing the expression of genes in the cell related to the sugar metabolism

c) expression of the lactose operon by inactivating the lac repressor molecule

Epigenetics referes to a) changes that take place in the DNA base sequence b) mistakes in mitosis that lead to varied cells c) gene expression changes without change in DNA base sequences d) none of the statements

c) gene expression changes without change in DNA base sequences

Discovered in 1993, these small, single-stranded RNA molecules, 22 nucleotides long, can block the translation of mRNA and are involved in the expression of many human genes. a) histone regulating RNAs b) rRNA c) micro RNAs (miRNAs) d) all answers are correct

c) micro RNAs (miRNAs)

Transcription factors bind to a) tRNA b) mRNA c) plasma membrane receptors d) DNA

d) DNA

Which of the following statements regarding a DNA double helix is always true? a) The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of cytosine, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of thymine. b) The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of guanine and the amount of thymine is equal to the amount of cytosine. c) The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of uracil, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of cytosine. d) The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of cytosine.

d) The amount of adenine is equal to the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of cytosine.

The DNA double helix is held together by a) small DNA binding proteins b) sugar and phosphate molecules c) pressure forces within the cell d) hydrogen bonds between complementary bases

d) hydrogen bonds between complementary bases

During transcription in eukaryotes, a mRNA molecule is formed a) complementary to neither strand of DNA b) double stranded c) in the cytoplasm d) complementary to both strands of DNA e) None of the answers are correct

e) None of the answers are correct

In eukaryotes, DNA packaging seems to affect gene expression primarily by: a) enhancing the recombination of genes b) allowing unpacked genes to be eliminated from the genome c) positioning related genes near each other d) protecting DNA from mutations e) controlling access to DNA

e) controlling access to DNA