Intro to biology quarter 1

The level of carbon dioxide was measured in a garden and on a city road. Where do you think the carbon dioxide level will be higher and why? -The carbon dioxide level will be same at both places because the amount of carbon dioxide at all places on the earth is the same. -The carbon dioxide level in the city will be higher because the exhaust gases from vehicles release carbon dioxide and there are not many trees to utilize it. -The carbon dioxide level in the garden will be higher because of the many plants present which are constantly releasing carbon dioxide by photosynthesis.

-The carbon dioxide level in the city will be higher because the exhaust gases from vehicles release carbon dioxide and there are not many trees to utilize it.

Under the microscope, a cell shows formation of centrosomes and spindle microtubles. What will happen next? -Formation of metaphase plate -Separation of sister chromatids -replication of chromosomes

-replication of chromosomes

Nucleotides, which are the building blocks of nucleic acids, consist of a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base, and a _____________________. Lipid 5-carbon sugar Starch

5-carbon sugar

A paramecium uses ATP continuously to beat cilia for locomotion. How does ATP serve the paramecium as a renewable resource? ATP is transported continuously through cellular respiration. ATP is regenerated continuously by the addition of phosphate to ADP. ATP is replenished continuously by the process of hydrolysis

ATP is regenerated continuously by the addition of phosphate to ADP.

In kidney cells, charged ions like sodium and chloride are reabsorbed from the urine against a concentration gradient. Which mode of cellular transport is employed here? Facilitated diffusion Simple diffusion Osmosis Active transport

Active transport

Ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide are the end products of _____________. Krebs cycle. Electron transport chain. Alcoholic fermentation.

Alcoholic fermentation.

Which class of hydrocarbons contains at least once carbon-carbon triple bond? Alkanes Alkenes Alkynes

Alkynes

Which of the following is an example of a eukaryote? E. coli Amoeba Salmonella

Amoeba

Henry eats rice for lunch, which contains starch. Which enzyme catalyzes the reaction that takes place and which product is the result of this reaction? Amylase catalyzes the reaction; glucose is the product. Pepsin catalyzes the reaction; lactase is the product Lactate dehydrogenase catalyzes the reaction; lactate is the product

Amylase catalyzes the reaction; glucose is the product.

Chlorine has seven electrons in its valance shell. It accepts an electron to complete its octet and becomes a chlorine ion (CI-). what is the nature of this chlorine ion? Cation Anion Metal ion

Anion

What does the term "Basic unit of matter" refer to? Atoms Elements Molecules

Atoms

A cell phone manufactiring company wants to display the average sales of their new phone model for a particular month across six countries. Which method of data representation would be ideal for this? Bar chart Pie chart Histogram

Bar chart

Lisa is interested in studying the chemical processes in living organisms. In which field of biology should she pursue her studies? Biophysics Biochemistry Biometry

Biochemistry

What is the similarity between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion? Both move molecules fro lower concentration to higher concentration Both move molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration both need energy Both need transport protein

Both move molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration

Which of the following sentences best describes as a buffer? Buffers resist change in pH of solutions by neutralizing excess acid or base. Buffers change the pH of solutions by increasing acidity or basicity of solutions. Buffers change the pH of solutions by decreasing acidity or basicity of solutions

Buffers resist change in pH of solutions by neutralizing acid or base.

A three-carbon alkene contains two double bonds. Predict its molecular formula? C3H4 C3H5 C3H6

C3H4

Buffer systems present in blood help in maintaining the neutral pH of blood. Which is the most important buffer system present in blood? Carbon monoxide-hydrogen buffer Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer Carbon dioxide-bicarbonate buffer

Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer

Which functional group contains oxygen atom? Carbonyl group Amino group Sulfhydryl group

Carbonyl group

The fat in adipose cells is broken down into fatty acids. Which pathway is involved in this process? A catabolic pathway A anabolic pathway Catabolic and anabolic pathways

Catabolic pathways

Water molecules exhibit a property which enables them to stick to each other. What is this property referred to as? Polarity Cohesion Adhesion

Cohesion

While observing slides under a microscope, Jack adjusts the microscope's mirror so that a circle of light can be seen. Which microscope is in use? Compound microscope Electron microscope Scanning electron microscope

Compound microscope

The hydrogen atom of one water molecule bonds with the oxygen atom of another water molecule. What is this bond referred to as? Hydrogen bond Covalent bond Ionic bond

Covalent bond

at which phase of the cell cycle does the cytoplasm of a cell divide to form two daughter cells? S phase M phase Cytokinesis

Cytokinesis

Which of these is an example of elemental carbon? Diamond Methane Proteins

Diamond

Select the most appropriate example of the denaturation of protein. Egg albumin, which is a translucent fluid, changes to opaque white solid after boiling. Rice granules, which are smaller in size and translucent, appear larger and opaque white after cooking. Oil, if kept for a longer time at room temperature, turns rancid and appears discolored.

Egg albumin, which is a translucent fluid, changes to opaque white solid after boiling.

Electrons, protons, and neutrons are three subatomic particles of an atom. If the atom undergoes a change and becomes a positive ion, which subatomic particle is lost in this process? Neutron Proton Electron

Electron

Which one of the following types of microscopes gives the highest amount of magnification? Light microscope Electron microscope Simple microscope

Electron microscope

Which important complex is formed due to complimentary binding at the enzyme active site? Enzyme product complex Enzyme substrate complex Substrate product complex

Enzyme substrate complex

Which of these is an example of structural protein in plants? Chitin Lignin Keratin

Lignin

A botanist wants to observe the change in rate of growth of plants compared to the change in amount of rainfall on randomly selected days. Which one of the following tools would be the best choice for representing this data? Histogram Line and scatter plots Bar chart

Line and scatter plots

A cell that has relatively few energy needs would probably have a relatively small number of _____________. Mitochondria Lysosomes Ribosomes

Mitochondria

Jane is observing a cell under an electron microscope. She identifies an organelle having an outer and inner membrane. She also notices that the outer membrane is smooth while the inner one is highly folded. Which organelle is jane observing? Mitochondria Golgi bodies Nucleus

Mitochondria

Monomers linked together to form a polymer could be described as beads in a multicolored necklace. Which statement about monomers is true with respect to the above analogy? Monomers in a polymer could be linked in various ways. Monomers in a polymer are of different types. Monomers in a polymer look different but are structurally similar.

Monomers in a polymer look different but are structurally similar.

Which one of the following is a difference between a normal cell and a cancer cell? Normal cells undergo apoptosis while cancer cells don't. Normal cells do not respond to regulatory signals while cancer cells do. Normal cells invade surrounding tissues while cancer cells don't.

Normal cells undergo apoptosis while cancer cells don't.

Which type of microscopy is useful for viewing colorless specimens? Transmission electron microscopy Light microscopy Phase contrast microscopy

Phase contrast microscopy

Which functional group is involved in energy release in all living cells? Amino group Carboxylic group phosphate group

Phosphate group

Which of the following organelles are common to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? Plasma membrane, ribosomes, and cytoplasm Cytoplasm, nucleolus, and ribosomes Ribosomes, nucleoid, and golgi apparatus

Plasma membrane, ribosomes, and cytoplasm

Which of the following statements is true for a eukaryotic cell? Does not posses intracellular membrane bound organelles. Everything inside just floats freely in the cytoplasm. Possesses the characteristic of compartmentalization of organelles, where in the organelles are bound by membranes. Possesses simple duplex DNA in the form of a circular loop.

Possesses the characteristic of compartmentalization of organelles, where in the organelles are bound by membranes.

Anne was observing a cell under a microscope which was undergoing binary fission. Which type of cell was Anne observing? Select one of the options below as your answer. Eukaryotic animal cell Eukaryotic plant cell Prokaryotic cell

Prokaryotic cell

Ryan is looking at a cell under the microscope. He observes formation of spindle microtubules from the centrosomes. Which phase of the cell cycle is he observing? Metaphase. Anaphase Prophase

Prophase

A physician conducts a survey among 100 patients suffering from migraine headaches to asses the range of headache severity among his patients. What kind of data analysis would he apply to interpret the results obtained from this survey? Quantitative and descriptive Quantitative and inferential Qualitative and and descriptive Qualitative and inferential

Qualitative and inferential

"This leaf is 4 inches long." what kind of observation is this? Quantitative Qualitative Hypothetical Inferential

Quantitative

Which theme of Biology explains the modification of an organisms parts to adapt to it's habitat? Interdependence in nature Relationship of structure to function Continuity and change

Relationship of structure to function

A student has to perform an experiment on the effect of heat on a particular chemical which can be seen in the form of a color change. Which section of his lab report will include the color change in that chemical? Title Conclusions Results

Results

Globulin is a protein. Which of the following organelles will assist in the synthesis of globulin? Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Rough endoplasmic reticulum Mitochondria

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Why is carbon considered tetravelent? Since it has four electrons in its outermost orbital, it needs four more electrons to complete it octet. Since it has two electrons in its outermost orbital, it needs four more electrons to complete its octet. Since it has four electrons in its outermost orbital, it can donate four electrons to complete its octet.

Since it has four electrons in its outermost orbital, it needs four more electrons to complete it octet.

The three stages of cellular respiration and glycolysis, krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. When do cells exhibit all these stages? In the absence of oxygen only. In the presence as well as in the absence of oxygen. In the presence of oxygen only.

In the presence of oxygen only.

Sodium chloride or table salt is a compound formed when sodium loses its valence electron to chlorine. Which type of bond formation takes place in sodium chloride? Covalent bond ionic bond metallic bond

Ionic bond

Which of the following are kinds of lipids? Fats, phospholipids, and steroids. Fructose and Glucose. DNA and RNA

Fats, phospholipids, and steroids.

Which of the following checkpoints determines if DNA replication was successful? G2 G1 M

G1

A cell has damaged DNA. Which checkpoint is responsible for checking this? M checkpoint G2 checkpoint G1 checkpoint

G2 checkpoint

Susan needs to measure and heat the chemical she wants to use in an experiment with a graduated cylinder. Which graduated cylinder is suitable for use? Plastic cylinder Glass cylinder Metal cylinder

Glass cylinder

Which molecule links together to form starch? Glucose Galactose Fructose

Glucose

What is common between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? Krebs cycle Electron transport chain Glycolysis

Glycolysis

A cell shows formation of a contractile ring just prior to cytoplasmic division. Which cell is being observed? Onion root tip cell. Leaf cell. Human fetal cell.

Human fetal cell.

Which differentiates the key chemical properties of nucleic acids, DNA and RNA? Hydrogen bonds Functional group Hydrocarbon structure

Hydrocarbon structure

Which functional group allows the sugar glucose to dissolve in blood? Carboxyl Hydroxyl Phosphate

Hydroxyl

What sort of analysis would this statement produce? Highlight and describe in detail the key features of an aquatic animal. quantitative data analysis qualitative data analysis inferential analysis

qualitative data analysis

Which of the following statements is true for a cell placed in beaker containing an isotonic solution? Water molecules flow from the cell into the beaker water molecules flow from the beaker into the cell water molecules flow in both directions at the same rate there is no movement of water molecules

water molecules flow in both directions at the same rate

to store strawberries in sugar syrup, Lucy placed them in a jar and covered them with sugar but did not add any water. Do you think syrup will be formed? Justify. No since water is not added, there cannot be any syrup formation. No. The higher concentration of sugar on the outside will cause the water from the sugar to diffuse in the strawberry cells causing them to swell without formation of any syrup. Yes. The higher concentration of sugar on the outside will cause the water from the strawberry to diffuse out resulting in syrup formation. Yes. The sugar will melt over time and form syrup.

yes the higher the concentration of sugar on the outside will cause the water from the strawberry to diffuse out resulting in syrup formation.

While studying enzyme kinetics in the lab, a scientist observed that the rate of a reaction involving enzyme amylase increased as the concentration of starch increased. With further increase in starch concentration, the amylase activity did not change. Why did this happen? The starch molecules did not bind to the enzyme amylase efficiently. The enzyme amylase was saturated, as all its active sites were occupied by substrate starch. The starch molecules were converted to product glucose as soon as they bound to enzyme amylase.

The enzyme amylase was saturated, as all its active sites were occupied by substrate starch.

Why does the enzyme pepsin (present in the stomach) denature in the intestine? The enzyme denatures due to change in temperatures as it enter the intestine. The enzyme denatures due to the alkaline environment of the intestine. The enzyme denatures due to lack of substrate molecules in the intestine.

The enzyme denatures due to the alkaline environment of the intestine.

How does the high specific heat of water help maintain the temperature of earth? By heating and cooling more slowly than land or air By heating and cooling faster than land or air By heating faster but cooling more slowly than land or air

by heating and cooling more slowly than land or air

Which of the following balances is affected by the local force of gravity? Beam balance Analytical balance Spring balance

Spring balance

Where do the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis take place? Stoma of chloroplast Grana of chloroplast Membrane of chloroplast

Stoma of chloroplast

Some insects can walk on the surface of water. Which behavior of water is responsible for this phenomenon? Capillary action Solvent behavior Surface tension

Surface tension

In our circulatory system, blood transports blood cells and dissolved ions when it moves through the body. Which of the following terms is suitable for blood? Solution Suspension Colloid

Suspension

Which of the following is called energy of activation or Eact? The energy released during an exergonic reaction. The additional energy required for reactions to occur spontaneously. The energy consumed during an endergonic reaction.

The additional energy required for reactions to occur spontaneously.

What happens in the G2 phase of the cell cycle? The cell prepares for cell division. The replicated chromosomes divide. The cell enters the post mitotic phase.

The cell prepares for cell division.

There are two tomato plantlets. One of them is kept in an oxygen chamber with a light source and another is kept in sunlight. Both of them are watered regularly. What will be the observation after two weeks? The plantlet kept in sunlight survives as it can synthesize its own food. The plantlet in the oxygen chamber dies as it does not get carbon dioxide and is unable to synthesize its own food. Both the plantlets survive and grow as they can synthesize their own food. The plantlet kept in sunlight survives, whereas the other plantlet dies because it recieved an artificial light source.

The plantlet kept in sunlight survives as it can synthesize its own food. The plantlet in the oxygen chamber dies as it does not get carbon dioxide and is unable to synthesize its own food.

An unknown solution has a H+ concentration of 10-12 moles per liter. Which of the following statements correctly describes this solution? The solution is basic in nature The solution is acidic in nature The solution is neutral in nature

The solution is basic in nature

Which term is used to describe a fact that has always been observed true but could at some future time not be observed as true. Hypothesis Theory Law

Theory

Amoebas are unicellular organisms, while human beings are multi-cellular and the most intelligent of organisms. However, both are classified as eukaryotes. How will you justify this reasoning? Though unicellular, amoebas have the necessary cell organelles and a well defined-nucleus, therefor fulfilling the characteristics of eukaryotes. Though unicellular, amoebas have a nucleoid and no cell organelles, therefor fulfilling the characteristics of eukaryotes. Though uncellular, amoebas have a nucleolus but not a nucleus and all the cell organelles except for mitochondria, therefor fulfilling the characteristics of eukaryotes.

Though unicellular, amoebas have the necessary cell organelles and a well defined-nucleus, therefor fulfilling the characteristics of eukaryotes.