Intro to Microbes
One nucleotide contains
All of the choices are correct. (one phosphate, one pentose sugar, one nitrogen base)
The Dutch merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see and record microorganisms was
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.
Which activity is an example of biotechnology?
Escherichia coli producing human insulin
All microorganisms are considered pathogens.
False
All proteins are enzymes.
False
Nucleic acids have primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary levels of organization.
False
The names of the three domains are: Bacteria, Protista, and Eukarya (Eukaryota).
False
Which scientist showed that anthrax was caused by the bacterium, Bacillus anthracis?
Robert Koch
Which scientific name is written correctly?
Staphylococcus aureus
Which of the following is a scientific name?
Streptococcus pyogenes
One distinguishing characteristic of the archaebacteria is that they live in extreme environments.
True
The most important outcome of polypeptide intrachain bonding and folding is the unique shape of the protein.
True
Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish that
a specific microbe is the cause of a specific disease.
The building blocks of an enzyme are
amino acids
All microorganisms are best defined as organisms that
are too small to be seen with the unaided eye.
Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example of
bioremediation
When assigning a scientific name to an organism,
both genus and species names are italicized or underlined.
Organic chemicals always have a basic framework of the element _____ bonded to other atoms.
carbon
The orderly arrangement of organisms into a hierarchy of taxa is called
classification.
Taxonomy does not involve
common name.
Which pertains to DNA but not to RNA?
contains thymine
What part of a phospholipid forms hydrophobic tails?
fatty acids
When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms, the process is called
genetic engineering
All of the following are monosaccharides except
glycogen
Which of the following is a taxon that contains all the other taxa listed?
kingdom
Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the other major groups of microorganisms?
lack cell structure
During protein synthesis, ____ RNA is made as a copy of a gene from DNA.
messenger
Which of the following is not considered a microorganism?
mosquito
Helminths are
parasitic worms.
Disease-causing microorganisms are called
pathogens.
What type of bonds are formed between adjacent amino acids?
peptide
The lipid group that is the major component of cell membranes is the
phospholipids.
Cells, like bacteria and archaea, that do not have a nucleus in their cells have traditionally been called
prokaryotes
A fat is called _____ if all carbons of the fatty acid chain are single bonded to two other carbons and two hydrogens.
saturated
The alpha helix is a type of _____ protein structure.
secondary
The smallest and most significant taxon is
species
All of the following are lipids except
starch
Which scientific field is involved in the identification, classification, and naming of organisms?
taxonomy
The lipid group that serves as energy storage molecules is
triglycerides
Which group of microorganisms is composed only of hereditary material wrapped in a protein covering?
viruses