Intro to Microbes

One nucleotide contains

All of the choices are correct. (one phosphate, one pentose sugar, one nitrogen base)

The Dutch merchant who made and used quality magnifying lenses to see and record microorganisms was

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.

Which activity is an example of biotechnology?

Escherichia coli producing human insulin

All microorganisms are considered pathogens.

False

All proteins are enzymes.

False

Nucleic acids have primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary levels of organization.

False

The names of the three domains are: Bacteria, Protista, and Eukarya (Eukaryota).

False

Which scientist showed that anthrax was caused by the bacterium, Bacillus anthracis?

Robert Koch

Which scientific name is written correctly?

Staphylococcus aureus

Which of the following is a scientific name?

Streptococcus pyogenes

One distinguishing characteristic of the archaebacteria is that they live in extreme environments.

True

The most important outcome of polypeptide intrachain bonding and folding is the unique shape of the protein.

True

Koch's postulates are criteria used to establish that

a specific microbe is the cause of a specific disease.

The building blocks of an enzyme are

amino acids

All microorganisms are best defined as organisms that

are too small to be seen with the unaided eye.

Using microbes to detoxify a site contaminated with heavy metals is an example of

bioremediation

When assigning a scientific name to an organism,

both genus and species names are italicized or underlined.

Organic chemicals always have a basic framework of the element _____ bonded to other atoms.

carbon

The orderly arrangement of organisms into a hierarchy of taxa is called

classification.

Taxonomy does not involve

common name.

Which pertains to DNA but not to RNA?

contains thymine

What part of a phospholipid forms hydrophobic tails?

fatty acids

When humans manipulate the genes of microorganisms, the process is called

genetic engineering

All of the following are monosaccharides except

glycogen

Which of the following is a taxon that contains all the other taxa listed?

kingdom

Which of the following is a unique characteristic of viruses that distinguishes them from the other major groups of microorganisms?

lack cell structure

During protein synthesis, ____ RNA is made as a copy of a gene from DNA.

messenger

Which of the following is not considered a microorganism?

mosquito

Helminths are

parasitic worms.

Disease-causing microorganisms are called

pathogens.

What type of bonds are formed between adjacent amino acids?

peptide

The lipid group that is the major component of cell membranes is the

phospholipids.

Cells, like bacteria and archaea, that do not have a nucleus in their cells have traditionally been called

prokaryotes

A fat is called _____ if all carbons of the fatty acid chain are single bonded to two other carbons and two hydrogens.

saturated

The alpha helix is a type of _____ protein structure.

secondary

The smallest and most significant taxon is

species

All of the following are lipids except

starch

Which scientific field is involved in the identification, classification, and naming of organisms?

taxonomy

The lipid group that serves as energy storage molecules is

triglycerides

Which group of microorganisms is composed only of hereditary material wrapped in a protein covering?

viruses