ITEC Chapter 5 -Networking & Security
node
A connection point within a network.
RAID
A storage system that links any number of disk drives (a disk array) so that they act as a single disk.
What is your wide area network (WAN) Internet service provider (ISP)?
Comcast
A type of spyware known as _________ can record the individual keystrokes of a user.
keyloggers
Which of the following is NOT one of the three general strategies that are used to authenticate individuals?
who you know
bridge
A device that connects two LANs or two segments of the same LAN; looks at the information in each packet header and forwards data traveling from one LAN to another.
uninterruptible power supply (UPS)
A device that contains both a surge protector and rechargeable battery, allowing your computer system to run for a limited amount of time during a power failure.
social engineering
A form of hacking that focuses on deceiving individuals into giving away the information that the thief needs.
malware
A genetic term to describe various kinds of malicious programs created to harm a computer or steal valuable information.
fiber-optic cable
A high-speed cable that consists of a thin strand of glass that transmits pulsating beams of light rather than electric current.
tape library
A large storage unit that houses multiple tape drives.
data validation
A method for checking and improving the reliability of data.
distributed denial-of-service (DDoS)
A network attack that attempts to shut down or block access to websites or other network resources by overwhelming them with requests.
switch
A network device that is similar too a hub, but it is aware of the exact address of identity of all the nodes attached to it, thereby increasing the efficiency of the network.
repeater
A network device used to prevent attenuation when packets are traveling long distances.
gateway
A node on a network that serves as an entrance to another network. It helps one network understand the packet headers from another network.
strong password
A password that is difficult for thieves to guess or crack.
wireless adapter
A piece of hardware that is plugged into a desktop computer to gain Wi-Fi access.
Trojan horse
A program that distinguishes itself as an interesting, useful, or desirable program in order to gain access to your system.
authentication
A security measure used to confirm an individual's identity.
authorization
A security measure used to give a individual's certain level of access based on who they are.
extranet
A service that allows organizations to share some of its intranet resources with people outside the organization.
protocol
A set of rules or standards that must be followed by computers that wish to communicate over a network.
management information system (MIS)
A set of software tools that enables managers to gather, organize, and evaluate information.
decision support system (DSS)
A special application that collects and reports certain types of data, thus helping managers make better decisions.
virtual private network (VPN)
A type of connection that increases the security of network communication by employing a method called "tunneling", where by each packet from the sending computer is encapsulated within another packet.
wireless network
A type of connection whereby communication takes place using radio waves.
identity theft
A type of crime in which criminals essentially assume your identity and begin to open new bank accounts under your name.
transaction processing system (TPS)
A type of information system that handles the processing the tracking of transactions.
office automation system
A type of information system that is designed to manage information in an office environment and help users handle certain information-related tasks more efficiently.
expert system
A type of information system that performs analytical tasks traditionally done by a human, using sequences of questions to ask and actions to take based on the responses to those questions.
virus
A type of malware that is attached to a host file and has the ability to replicate, or copy, itself.
worm
A type of malware that self-replicates and spreads through computers and networks without the need to attach to a host file.
scareware
A type of scam whose goal is to score the user into doing exactly what the thief wants.
vulnerability
A weakness that has not been protected against threats, there by making it open to harm.
rogue hotspot
A wireless access point set up by a hacker in a public area to intercept users' communication.
surge protector
An inexpensive product that guards connected equipment against large power spikes or surges that may infrequently occur.
Zombie
An infected and compromised computer that is under the external control of a hacker, usually without the knowledge of the computer's owner.
intranet
An internal version of the Internet containing information that is restricted to a particular company's employees.
countermeasure
Any step you take to ward off a threat.
threat
Anything that can cause harm.
Google your ISP and tell us the bandwidth you should b getting at home or on your mobile.
Comcast 75 Mbps speed tier of 150 Mbps with Verizon.
redundant
Computers that have multiple hardware systems performing the same task at the same time.
wireless access point (WAP)
Connects single or multiple PCs in the wireless environment.
pertexting
Gaining someone's trust by pretending you are someone else.
hacktivism
Hacking with a social or political agenda.
risk assessment
Identifying and examining possible threats to a computer system.
bandwidth
In network, it refers to the amount of data that can be transmitted over a given amount of time.
hacker
In the negative sense, this term refers to an individual who uses a computer and/or network to commit a variety of crimes, such as creating viruses and disrupting computer networks.
phishing
Luring individuals into entering personal information into a website controlled by a hacker.
spyware
Malware that reports activity on your computer to another party.
botnet
Massive networks of zombies that can be used by a hacker to spread malware, send spam, and conduct carefully orchestrated network attacks.
packet
Pieces of a message broken down into small units by the sending device in a network.
fault-tolerant
Systems that are able to continue their operation even when problems are present.
mission-critical
Systems that must run without failure or with nearly instant recovery from failure.
network
Systems that must run without failure or with nearly instant recovery from failure.
interoperability
The ability of each organization's information system to work with the other, sharing data and services.
scalability
The capacity to provide increasing amounts of computing power, storage, and/or software.
wide area network (WAN)
The connection of two or more central computers or LANs, generally across a wide geographical area.
data mining
The discovery of new patterns or relationships between data.
topology
The logical layout of the cables and devices that connect the nodes of the network.
attenuation
The loss of intensity and clarity of a transmitted data signal.
network media
The means used to link parts of a computer network.
Ethernet
The most common physical standard for local area networks.
Wi-Fi
The most popular standard for wireless networking; also called "802.11".
cybercrime
The use of a computer and/or network to commit a variety of crimes, such as creating viruses or disrupting networks.
When the power fails completely, the battery in a(n) _________ contains enough power to run a computer system for a given amount of time.
UPS
Which of the following is NOT a fitting definition for the word hacker?
a person who failed ITEC 1001
Redundancy in computers serve to ________ .
achieve robustness by having multiple hardware systems performing the same task at the same time.
Which of the following is NOT a feature of a strong password?
being common English words
________, which are large networks of compromised computers, can be used by a hacker to spread malware, send spam, and conduct carefully orchestrated network attacks.
botnets
Which of the following is FALSE about a company's intranet?
can be accessed by non-company personnel.
Any step you take to ward off a threat is called a:
counter measure
No form of hacking is as dangerous as ________, which is an attack against a country that seeks to create large-scale chaos and damage to a country's infrastructure.
cyberterrorism
_________ is the discovery of new patterns or relationships between data.
data mining
_________ is the process of safeguarding against erroneous or duplicate data by checking what is entered and, in some cases, placing restrictions on how the data is entered.
data validation
A(n) _________ is a central repository that contains stored or archived data gathered from multiple databases.
data warehouse
It is NOT a star topology network when multiple computers are connected to ________ .
directly to each other
A(n) _________ examines and blocks Internet traffic in order to protect your private network.
firewall
A _________ provides multiple ports for connecting nodes.
hub
RAID (redundant array of inexpensive disks) is a storage system that links any number of disk drives (a disk array) so that they act as a single disk. Which of the following is NOT a place they can be used?
laptops
A(n) _________ is a connection point in a network.
node
Data is divided into ________ by the sending device for transmission and reassembled by the receiving device.
packets
Network nodes follow certain rules, or ________, to ensure that the packets are sent, received, and interpreted properly, and that data integrity is guaranteed
protocols
A _________ is used to prevent attenuation when packets are traveling long distances.
repeater
A _________ looks at each packet's header to determine where the packet should go and then determines the best route for the packet to take toward its destination
router
The scam known as _________ typically comes in the form of an alert message that claims to be from the FBI or your security software.
scareware
_________ is a form of hacking that focuses on deceiving individuals into giving away the information that the thief needs.
social engineering
_________ is a type of malware which is designed to report activity on your computer to another party.
spyware
A _________ is a type of malware that is attached to a host file and has the ability to replicate, or copy, itself.
virus
Which of the following is NOT an authentication method for the computer to confirm your identity?
what websites you use
hub
A basic network device that provides multiple ports for connecting nodes.
coaxial cable
A cable that consists of a single copper wire that is surrounded by insulation and a wire mesh shield.
twisted-pair cable
A cable that consists of four pairs of wires that are twisted around each other. Each copper wire is insulated in plastic, and all wires are collectively bond together in a layer of plastic.
data warehouse
A central repository where records from multiple databases are stored.
router
A complex device that stores the routing information for networks. It looks at each packet's header to determine where the packet should go, then determines the best route for the packet to take toward its destination.
information system (IS)
A complex system for acquiring, storing, organizing, using, and sharing data and information.
network interface card (NIC)
A computer component that translates and transmits network packets.
cyberterrorism
A dangerous form of hacking that seeks to create large-scale chaos and damage to a country's infrastructure.
local area network (LAN)
A data communication system consisting of multiple devices that are relatively near each other and are connected using cables or wireless media.
