Lecture 9
Why did the Romans crucify Jesus of Nazareth?
Because he was said to be a king and was the potential focus for a rebellion
What was the most common impulse to seek justice in early Germanic society?
Blood Feud
Match the following terms for Charlemagne's realm:
Carolingian Empire-modern term Roman Empire-what contemporaries call is Frankish Empire-modern term
What is the name of the cultural revival Charlemagne instigated
Carolingian Renaissance
Who was the most important king from the Carolingian family?
Charlemagne
What institution was a "new community" that carried on much of Roman administration after the Fall of the Western Empire?
Christian Church
What was the nature of the Covenant according to Paul of Tarsus?
Faith in Jesus Christ
Who had the primary responsibility of seeking justice in early Germanic society?
Family
In what way did Christianity most differ from other Mystery Religions
Its founder was a historical figure
What was the typical Roman attitude toward the religions of their subject peoples?
Tolerance
The Papal States still exist in some form today.
True
What was wergild?
a. A means of heading off a blood feud b. The relative value of a person in Germanic society according to his place in the warband and the tribe c. Compensation that was due for the death or injury of a person in Germanic society
What was the significance of the royal anointing of Pepin the Short?
a. Old Testament parallel with King David justified the deposition of the previous kings. b. Lent a religious air to kingship c. Signified Papal approval for the succession of the Carolingians
What were the major developments in the Christian Church during the 4th century?
a. Proclaimed the state religion of the Roman Empire b. Crystallization of a city-based structure based upon that of the Roman Empire c. Development of a method to resolve critical questions of faith and practice
Which of the following was not a fundamental institution in early Germanic society?
church
What did The Rule of St. Benedict govern?
monks in monasteries
What ultimately caused the failure of the Ostrogothic kingdom?
religious conflict between the Arians and the Catholics
What was the religion of most of the Germanic tribes when they invaded the Empire?
Arian Christianity
What was the title of the longed-for warrior-king of the Jews?
Messiah
What religion were the Franks when they invaded Gaul?
Paganism
What ancient Roman religious title did the Bishop of Rome eventually assume?
Pontifex Maximus
What is the better-known title of the Bishop of Rome?
Pope
What was the major accomplishment of the Carolingian Renaissance?
Preservation of knowledge from the past and passing it on to the future
Which of the following things did the Council of Nicaea not do?
Proclaim the Bishop of Rome to be the head of the Church
What is the symbolic significance of Charlemagne's coronation as Roman Emperor of the West?
R + C + G = MA: the unification of Roman Civilization, Christianity, and Germanic Society into the Middle Ages
What issue(s) determined the fate of the two most promising new Germanic kingdoms ca. 500?
Religion
To what religion did the Franks convert soon after invading northern Gaul?
Roman (Catholic/Orthodox) Christianity
What are the three "sources" of Medieval European society?
Roman Civilization, Christianity, and the Germanic Warband Culture
What title did Charlemagne gain on Christmas Day 800?
Roman Emperor of the West
Match the following: During the period 300-800, the once unified Mediterranean world of the Roman Empire broke up into what regions?
South-Islamic East-Byzantine West-Germanic
What problem did all the early Germanic kingdoms share?
The difficulty of transforming a warband society into a territorial state
Which of the following was not a benefit of Roman Civilization that was lost during the early Middle Ages?
The new Christian religion