LIN4680 Final

Rewrite the following sentence to eliminate the problem caused by the elliptical clause. My sister's house is older than her.

- My sister's house is older than she is. - My sister's house is older than she is herself. - My sister's house is older than she. - My sister's house is older than her house is. - My sister's house is older than her house. - My sister's house is older than hers.

Rewrite the following sentence to eliminate the problem caused by the elliptical clause. While living in the Midwest, my Texas accent drew a lot of comments.

- While I was living in the Midwest, my Texas accent drew a lot of comments. - While living in the Midwest, I heard a lot of comments about my Texas accent.

Directions: Fill in the boxes with the correct forms of the base verb given below. Base: have

-s form: has -ed form: had -ing form: having -en form: had

Directions: Fill in the boxes with the correct forms of the base verb given below. Base: move

-s form: moves -ed form: moved -ing form: moving -en form: moved

Directions: Fill in the boxes with the correct forms of the base verb given below. If you have a problem figuring out the -ed form, use the verb in a sentence with yesterday: "Yesterday I _______." If you have trouble figuring out the -en form, use the verb in a sentence with have: "I have _______." Be sure to spell your answers correctly. Base: put

-s form: puts -ed form: put -ing form: putting -en form: put

Write two things in the answer box below. 1. Create a nominal "that" clause to fill the blank in the following sentence. 2. Identify the function of the clause that you've added. The truth is __________.

1. The truth is "THAT" + complete clause (with its own subject + predicate) 2. subject complement The truth is that changes to the rotation will remain the same for the next year.

Identify the form of the adverbial in the following sentence: I'll see you soon.

Adverb

Identify the prepositional phrases in the following sentence as either adjectival or adverbial: For eight months the teachers in the local school district have been working without a contract.

Adverbial; adjectival; adverbial

Copy/paste the appositive in the following sentence into the answer blank. Remember, an appositive has the same referent as the nominal it renames: An offbeat film about illegal trash dumping, "Alice's Restaurant" was inspired by Arlo's song of the same name.

An offbeat film about illegal trash dumping, An offbeat film about illegal trash dumping

Turn the following complete sentence into an adverbial (aka subordinate) clause by (1) adding a subordinator (aka subordinating conjunction) to the opening position and (2) adding the resulting clause to another sentence as a modifier. You will have to supply the main clause. The state of Nevada gets most of its revenue from the gambling industry.

Because the state of Nevada gets most of its revenue from the gambling industry, he didn't want to move there. Since the state of Nevada gets most of its revenue from the gambling industry, tourism is a major industry.

Are the following rules descriptive or prescriptive? Articles (a, an, and the) precede nouns.

Descriptive

Translate these passages from Shakespeare's Julius Caesar into modern English. Dwell I but in the suburbs of your good pleasure?

Do I dwell only in the suburbs of your good pleasure? Do I live only in the suburbs of your good pleasure?

Directions: Revise the following sentence by turning the underlined item into a compound, using the coordinating or correlative conjunction shown in parentheses. John can speak Spanish like a native. (both-and)

EXAMPLE: John can speak both Spanish and German like a native. (Can use any other language besides German)

Generate a noun phrase conforming to the following formula, then use it in a sentence as directed: determiner + NOUN HEADWORD + participial phrase (use the noun phrase as the subject complement in your sentence and put a square bracket [] around the entire noun phrase)

Example: the + LEADER + telling us what to do My best friend became [the leader telling us what to do].

Generate a noun phrase conforming to the following formula, then use it in a sentence as directed: determiner + noun + NOUN HEADWORD + prepositional phrase (use the noun phrase as the subject in your sentence and put a square bracket [] around the entire noun phrase)

Example: the party house on the corner [The party house on the corner] was cited for noise violations.

Rewrite the following sentence in two ways to show its two possible meanings. Fred tripped his teammate with the bat.

Fred used the bat to trip his teammate. His teammate was holding the bat when Fred tripped him.

What is the pattern of the following sentence: There will be beautiful decorations in the downtown area during December.

I

What is the pattern of the following sentence: There's nothing to do tonight.

I

Rearrange the following words to form a sentence that is grammatical in standard written English. Use only the words given, and make only one sentence. It might be possible to make more than one grammatical arrangement. Be sure to spell and punctuate correctly. I gave a book my sister

I gave my sister a book.

Rewrite the following sentences in standard American English. Be sure to spell and punctuate your sentences correctly; otherwise, the computer might grade your quiz incorrectly. I knowed you wasn't from New Jersey.

I knew you weren't from New Jersey.

Copy/paste the following sentence to the answer box; then add commas to the sentence, ONLY if necessary. I know that Jerry and I will never be able to afford that much money for rent even if it does include utilities.

I know that Jerry and I will never be able to afford that much money for rent, even if it does include utilities.

First, copy/paste the following sentence into the answer box. Next, punctuate the sentence with commas ONLY if they are needed. (If commas are optional, leave them out!) I spent a fortune on new tires shock absorbers and brake linings for the car last week.

I spent a fortune on new tires, shock absorbers, and brake linings for the car last week.

Add punctuation to the following sentence ONLY IF NEEDED. (If the punctuation is optional, leave it out.) I took piano lessons for several years as a child but I never did like to practice.

I took piano lessons for several years as a child, but I never did like to practice.

Add punctuation to the following sentence ONLY IF NEEDED. (If the punctuation is optional, leave it out.) I was really embarrassed the first few times I practiced on the old upright in our dorm lounge but now I don't mind the weird looks I get from people.

I was really embarrassed the first few times I practiced on the old upright in our dorm lounge, but now I don't mind the weird looks I get from people.

In the answer box, write the pronoun that can substitute for the subject in the following sentence: This new law prohibits billboards on major highways.

It

Rewrite the following sentence using an it-cleft to emphasize the subject: Negative political ads turned off a great many voters in the last election.

It was negative political ads that turned off a great many voters in the last election.

Rewrite the following sentence using an it-cleft to emphasize the time: Sir Humphrey Davy invented the carbon arc lamp seventy years before Edison's first light bulb.

It was seventy years before Edison's first light bulb that Sir Humphrey Davy invented the carbon arc lamp.

Directions: For each sentence (in bold) below, choose the correct verb expansion string. Remember that in every case the first component is either present or past tense. Note: Adverbs, such as "finally," should not appear in your verb string. My hard drive CRASHED yesterday.

My hard drive CRASHED yesterday.

Combine sentences by reducing one sentence to an adverbial clause. We waited for the tour to start. My sister and I read the brochure about stalactites and stalagmites.

My sister and I read the brochure about stalactites and stalagmites while we waited for the tour to start.

Copy/paste any sentence modifiers in the following sentence to the answer blank: We will no doubt win the league championship.

NO DOUBT

Which does the following sentence contain--a nominal clause, a gerund phrase, or a nominal infinitive phrase? The knowledge that the semester is almost over makes me happy.

Nominal clause

Which does the following sentence contain--a nominal clause, a gerund phrase, or a nominal infinitive phrase? When I saw the questions that were on the exam, I realized that I had studied the wrong chapters.

Nominal clause

Identify the FORM of each sentence slot in the sentence below: The piano | sounds | out of tune.

Noun phrase, verb, prepositional phrase

Improve the following sentence by providing a clear subject for the gerund: Our backpacks got really heavy after hiking up that steep mountain.

Our backpacks got really heavy for us to carry after we hiked up that steep mountain.

Rewrite the following sentence to eliminate the broad-reference "which." Otis didn't want to stay for the second half of the game, which surprised me.

POSSIBILE ANSWERS: - It surprised me that Otis didn't want to stay for the second half of the game. - Otis didn't want to stay for the surprising second half of the game. - Otis' desire to leave the game surprised me. - I was surprised when Otis didn't want to stay for the second half of the game.

Add an absolute phrase as a modifier to the following sentence: The dessert looked sinfully delicious.

POSSIBLE ANSWERS: - With chocolate syrup dripping down the sides, the dessert looked sinfully delicious. - Remnants of the main course out of sight, the dessert looked sinfully delicious.

Rewrite the following sentence, correcting any unparallel structures. Both hearing the judge's tone of voice and the look on his face made me nervous.

POSSIBLITIES: - Both hearing the judge's tone of voice and seeing the look on his face made me nervous. - Both the judge's tone of voice and the look on his face made me nervous

Is the capitalized word "in" in the sentence below an adverb or a particle or a preposition? Try both the movability test and the meaning test to help you determine the answer. The boys turned IN at midnight.

Participle

Is the voice of this sentence active or passive? Our overtime hours could be cut back after Christmas.

Passive

Directions: For each sentence (in bold) below, choose the correct verb expansion string. Remember that in every case the first component is either present or past tense. Note: Adverbs, such as "finally," should not appear in your verb string. The students WERE STUDYING in the library.

Past + be + -ing + study

First, copy/paste the following sentence into the answer box. Next, punctuate the sentence with commas ONLY if they are needed. (If commas are optional, leave them out!) Pete sanded the car on Friday and painted it with undercoating on Saturday.

Pete sanded the car on Friday and painted it with undercoating on Saturday.

Revise the following sentence, using "either/or" and correcting unparallel structures and agreement errors: The recipe was either printed wrong, or I misread it.

Possibilities: - Either the recipe was printed wrong, or I misread it. - The recipe was either printed wrong or misread by me.

Revise the following sentence, correcting unparallel structures and agreement errors: I can't decide which activity I prefer: to swim at the shore in July, when the sand is warm, or jogging along country roads in October, when the autumn leaves are at their colorful best.

Possibilities: - I can't decide which activity I prefer: to swim at the shore in July, when the sand is warm, or to jog along country roads in October, when the autumn leaves are at their colorful best. - I can't decide which activity I prefer: swimming at the shore in July, when the sand is warm, or jogging along country roads in October, when the autumn leaves are at their colorful best.

Is the capitalized word "in" in the sentence below an adverb or a particle or a preposition? Try both the movability test and the meaning test to help you determine the answer. The car turned IN a complete circle.

Preposition

Are the following rules descriptive or prescriptive? Avoid frequent use of be as a main verb.

Prescriptive

Are the following rules descriptive or prescriptive? Do not use unnecessary words.

Prescriptive

Directions: For each sentence (in bold) below, choose the correct verb expansion string. Remember that in every case the first component is either present or past tense. Note: Adverbs, such as "finally," should not appear in your verb string. My roommate MAY BE GRADUATING after only three years.

Present + may + be + -ing + graduate

Identify the FORM of each sentence slot in the sentence below: You | look | a mess!

Pronoun, verb, noun phrase

Rearrange the following words to form a sentence that is grammatical in standard written English. Use only the words given, and make only one sentence. It might be possible to make more than one grammatical arrangement. Be sure to spell and punctuate correctly. Ring bells loudly the.

Ring the bells loudly. The bells ring loudly. Loudly ring the bells. Loudly, the bells ring. The bells loudly ring.

Transform the voice of the following sentence from active into passive, retaining the same verb tense, mood, and aspect. Bach composed some of our most intricate fugues.

Some of our most intricate fugues were composed by Bach.

First, copy/paste the sentence below into the answer box. Next, ONLY if necessary, add commas to the sentence. Speaking of the storm did you notice all the trash cans overturned on the sidewalk this morning?

Speaking of the storm, did you notice all the trash cans overturned on the sidewalk this morning?

Identify the FUNCTION of the sentence slots in the sentence below. The final exam | was | at four o'clock.

Subject, predicating verb, adverbial of time or place

Identify the FUNCTION of the sentence slots in the sentence below. The basketball team | is | on a roll.

Subject, predicating verb, subject complement

Rearrange the following words to form a sentence that is grammatical in standard written English. Use only the words given, and make only one sentence. It might be possible to make more than one grammatical arrangement. Be sure to spell and punctuate correctly. Mary should stop smoking is clear that.

That Mary should stop smoking is clear That Mary should stop smoking is clear. Mary should stop smoking; that is clear. That is clear; Mary should stop smoking. Mary is clear that smoking should stop.

Directions: Revise the following sentence by turning the underlined item into a compound, using the coordinating or correlative conjunction shown in parentheses. The children played on the porch all afternoon. (and)

The children played on the porch and in the yard all afternoon.

Transform the voice of the following sentence from active into passive, retaining the same verb tense, mood, and aspect. Brightly colored posters decorate the classroom.

The classroom is decorated by brightly colored posters. The classroom is decorated with brightly colored posters.

First, turn the following sentence into a noun phrase that includes a participial phrase as a postnoun modifier. Next, use that noun phrase in a sentence, and write that sentence in the answer box. The fullback was charging through the line.

The defense couldn't stop the fullback charging through the line.

Combine the sentences below into a compound sentence, using a conjunctive adverb in the second clause. Use a semicolon to connect the two clauses. The manager disagreed with the umpire's call. The team finished the game under protest.

The manager disagreed with the umpire's call; thus, the team finished the game under protest. *ALTHOUGH IS NOT A CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB

Copy the following sentence into the answer blank, then identify the relative clause as restrictive or nonrestrictive by adding commas if needed. (Don't say "restrictive" or "nonrestrictive"--just add commas around the clause if needed.) The town where I was born which has a population of 3,000 offers very little in the way of entertainment for teenagers.

The town where I was born, which has a population of 3,000, offers very little in the way of entertainment for teenagers.

In the answer box, write the pronoun that can substitute for the subject in the following sentence: Some residents of the community spoke passionately for the ordinance.

They

In the answer box, write the pronoun that can substitute for the subject in the following sentence: The merchants in town are unhappy.

They

Identify the sentence pattern of the following sentence: They stayed partners for many years.

V

Identify the pattern of the following sentence: Bill works weekends.

VI

Identify the pattern of the following sentence: My roommate just went to the store for a loaf of bread.

VI

Identify the pattern of the infinitive phrase in the following sentence: To walk across campus alone at night could be dangerous.

VI

Identify the pattern of the main clause in the following sentence: Last night my computer blinked ominously during an electrical storm.

VI

Identify the pattern of the relative clause in the following sentence: A person who plays alone always wins. [Sicilian proverb]

VI

Identify the pattern of the relative clause in the following sentence: A rattlesnake that doesn't bite teaches you nothing. [Jessamyn West]

VI

What is the pattern of this sentence: Where have all the flowers gone?

VI

Identify the pattern of the adverbial infinitive verb phrase in the following sentence: We went to the mall last Saturday to check out the big sales.

VII

Identify the pattern of the gerund phrase in the following sentence: The speaker began by telling a few jokes.

VII

Identify the sentence pattern of the following italicized sentence: The judge threw out the verdict.

VII

Identify the sentence pattern of the following italicized sentence: The wind blew down some trees.

VII

What is the pattern of this sentence: Give your mom my regards.

VIII

Directions: For each sentence (in bold) below, choose the correct verb expansion string. Remember that in every case the first component is either present or past tense. Note: Adverbs, such as "finally," should not appear in your verb string. We CAN BE there for dinner.

We CAN BE there for dinner.

Rewrite the following sentences in standard American English. Be sure to spell and punctuate your sentences correctly; otherwise, the computer might grade your quiz incorrectly. We didn't do nothing but listen to records.

We didn't do anything but listen to records. We did nothing but listen to records. We did not do anything but listen to records. We didn't do anything except listen to records. We did nothing except listen to records. We did not do anything except listen to records.

Revise the following sentence to eliminate any dangling modifiers. Tracking further west than anticipated, forecasters at the National Storm Center say Hurricane Ivan will reach the Florida coast by nine p.m.

What is tracking? Not the forecasters in this case. The hurricane itself is tracking further west. To fix this sentence, you have a couple of options: 1. ADD a subject for the dangler: Now that the storm is tracking further west than anticipated, forecasters at the National Storm Center say . . . . 2. CHANGE the subject of the main sentence to match the implied subject of the dangler: Tracking further west than anticipated, Hurricane Ivan will reach . . ., forecasters say. (Tracking further west than anticipated, Hurricane Ivan will reach the Florida coast by nine p.m., forecasters say.)

Revise the following sentence to eliminate any dangling modifiers. To finish her term paper by the mid-semester deadline, it was clear to Angela that she would need a lot of time in the library.

Who is finishing the term paper? Not "it." Correct answers will have the same subject for "to finish" as for the independent clause. Possibilities: For Angela to finish . . . , she would need . . . To finish . . . , Angela would clearly need . . . . It was clear that Angela would need . . . in order to finish . . . (For Angela to finish her term paper by the mid-semester deadline, she would need a lot of time in the library.) (It was clear that Angela would need a lot of time in the library in order to finish her term paper by the mid-semester deadline)

Translate these passages from Shakespeare's Julius Caesar into modern English. Thou art a cobbler, art thou?

You're a cobbler, aren't you? You are a cobbler, aren't you? You're a cobbler, are you? You are a cobbler, are you not? You're a cobbler, right? You're a shoemaker, aren't you?

The sentence below includes multiple noun phrases. Put [square brackets] around each noun phrase, *asterisks* around each determiner, and put the HEADWORD in all caps, as in this example: [*The* STUDENT] smiled happily. This new lasagna recipe feeds an enormous crowd.

[* This* new lasagna RECIPE] feeds [*an* enormous CROWD].

The sentence below includes multiple noun phrases. Put [square brackets] around each noun phrase, *asterisks* around each determiner, and put the HEADWORD in all caps, as in this example: [*The* STUDENT] smiled happily. A huge crowd lined the streets for the big parade.

[*A* huge CROWD] lined [*the* STREETS] for [*the* big PARADE].

The sentence below includes multiple noun phrases. Put [square brackets] around each noun phrase, *asterisks* around each determiner, and put the HEADWORD in all caps, as in this example: [*The* STUDENT] smiled happily. Our new neighbors across the hall became our best friends.

[*Our* new NEIGHBORS across [*the* HALL]] became [*our* best FRIENDS].

Which of these letters mark the slot boundaries for the following sentence? She (a) calls (b) them (c) a (d) menace (e) to (f) the (g) neighborhood.

a, b, c

Identify the capitalized prepositional phrase as either adjectival or adverbial: Some residents OF THE COMMUNITY spoke passionately for the ordinance.

adjectival

Identify the capitalized prepositional phrase as either adjectival or adverbial: The merchants IN TOWN are unhappy.

adjectival

Locate the absolute phrase in the following sentence. Is the modifier of the headword an adjective, a prepositional phrase, a noun phrase, or a participle? Michelle lounged in front of the fire, her book open on the floor. Correct Answer

adjective

Identify the capitalized prepositional phrase as either adjectival or adverbial: Mickey's roommate studies IN THE LIBRARY every evening.

adverbial

Identify the capitalized prepositional phrase as either adjectival or adverbial: Some residents of the community spoke passionately FOR THE ORDINANCE.

adverbial

In the following sentence, what role does the relative pronoun play in its clause: The gift she gave the bride and groom attracted a lot of attention.

direct object

Write a sentence about a holiday that includes an adverb of manner. Put the adverb in brackets.

example sentence: My girlfriend [happily] opened her Christmas gift.

What is the verb phrase that the following verb string (in bold) will produce? (Assume that the subject is Fred.) pres + have + -en + work

has worked

Is the phrase in all caps an infinitive or a prepositional phrase? She will appeal to her parents TO LEND HER THE MONEY for her first semester's tuition.

infinitive phrase

Is the phrase in all caps an infinitive or a prepositional phrase? TO KEEP THE CLASS HAPPY, the teacher canceled Friday's quiz.

infinitive phrase

Is the "there" in the following sentence an expletive or is it the locative adverb? There's Henry across the street.

locative

What is the verb phrase that the following verb string (in bold) will produce? (Assume that the subject is Fred.) past + may + have + -en + be + -ing + try

might have been trying

Identify the function of the "when" or "where" clause in the following sentence. Is it adverbial or nominal? They have finally decided where the wedding will be held.

nominal

Identify the underlined item according to both its form and its function. If we had won that game, we might have won the league championship.

noun; adjectival

Reduce the predicate of this sentence into an infinitive phrase. (A phrase includes the infinitive/participial plus all its objects, complements and modifiers, basically everything that is part of the predicate. Your answer should NOT be a complete sentence--your answer should contain the reduced phrase only.) I made too many mistakes on this biology homework.

o make too many mistakes on this biology homework

Identify the functions of the nominal verb phrase in the following sentence: Raising the company's national profile was the new owner's long-term goal.

subject

What is the verb phrase that the following verb string (in bold) will produce? (Assume that the subject is Fred.) past + be + -ing + work

was working