MAN3240 Exam 3

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House's path-goal theory is based on equity theory of motivation.

False

Power has negative consequences but never has positive consequences.

False

Programmed decisions are unique, creative decisions.

False

Strategic decisions are usually made by middle level managers

False

The more that a party is dependent upon you, the less power you have.

False

The three levels of organizational culture are beliefs, assumptions and artifacts.

False

Three key traits associated with leadership are: integrity, conscientiousness and introversion.

False

Using any form of flattery in an appeal is an example of the exchange influence tactic.

False

Two types of decisions are classified by

Frequency programmed vs non-programmed Information conditions Certainty vs Uncertainty

Organizational culture will both attract potential employees and cause some to self-select out of the organization.

True

Power is the ability to get things done the way you want them to be done.

True

To satisfice is to

accept the first alternative that meets your general criteria.

People's tendencies to behave consistently with social norms is called

conformity.

The Four Seasons case is rooted around

having a strict positive culture

Three important activities in maintaining organizational culture

hiring processes, training processes, and annual reviews

Contingency Approach to leadership is

how a leader's style is contingent upon the attitude and environment of the culture

Bounded Rationality Model describes

how people actually made decisions

What is communication

how we coordinate actions and achieve goals.

fundamental attribution error

if an outcome is good - it is because of you; if an outcome is bad - it is because of external forces

The value of the resource is its

importance.

Social Loafing

in larger groups, some members expect others to do more than them - to pick up the slack

Which of the following would be a good piece of advice to offer a company that is trying to enhance organizational creativity?

incorporate creative behavior into the performance appraisal process.

Political behaviors in organizations include which of the following? Correct Answer

resolving conflicting interests, negotiating, alliance building.

Semantics is the concept that

states meaning of words and sentences can mean different things to different people

Filtering is

the distortion or withholding of information to manage a person's reactions

selective perception

the filtering of information to suit our own needs

The key factor in the effectiveness of transformational leadership is

the minimum criteria are clear.

The earliest approach to the study of leadership was

the trait approach.

Organizational culture is a system of shared assumptions, values and beliefs indicating what are appropriate and inappropriate behaviors within an organization.

True

A defined set of values unique to a limited cross-section of the organization is

a subculture.

What is an individual antecedent of political behavior?

political skill

Situational favorableness includes which of the following conditions?

position power.

The ability to influence the behavior of others to get what you want is

power.

Which of the following best represents the self-focused strategy of impression management?

"I am a hard worker."

Escalating commitment

A source of cognitive bias resulting from the tendency to commit additional resources to a project even if evidence shows that the project is failing.

The rational D-M model is based on what two assumptions?

Access to all necessary information and decisions are made by choosing the best possible solution

What served as a major influence for the development of organizational culture

Anthropology

Three outcomes associated from the use of power

Commitment, Compliance, Resistance

Given the current trend within organizations, which is the preferred power response?

Commitment, everything is moving towards service based industry

The article about Slack is about the problems in

Communication channels such as instant messaging

A strong culture always outperforms a weak culture because of the consistency of expectations.

False

All decisions have major consequences and require much thought.

False

An example of a question requiring an operational decision in response is:

How often do I go back to the stockroom to get additional products for display?

Decision-making three logical steps

Identification, development, selection

Which is the first step in the rational decision-making model?

Identify the problem.

Three substitutes for leadership

Individual factors, Job factors, organizational factors

Information Group and Formal Group

Informal - two or more individuals involved with each other in other ways not prescribed by the organizations Formal - group of managers, subordinates or both that have close associations with other members of the group and that influence the behavior of the members of the group

Firms that are flexible, adaptable and experiment with new ideas are _________ firms.

Innovative

Leadership vs Management

Leadership - social influence Management - formal power

What are the Big Five personality traits

Openness. Conscientiousness. Extraversion. Agreeableness. Neuroticism.

Three criteria for filtering information are

Past experience, knowledge and perception of the speaker, and emotional state

Two sources of D-M errors

People rely on D-M short cuts and people rely on ineffective D-M activities

Which of the following statements regarding intelligence is accurate?

People with high mental abilities are more likely to be viewed as leaders in their environment.

Four functions of communication in an organization

Provide knowledge, motivate employees, control and coordinate efforts, and express feelings and emotions

The discussed case of Edward Jones relates employee satisfaction to

Success

Individuals with high LMX receive higher levels of resources than those with a low LMX relationship.

True

Four Approaches of Leadership

Trait Approach, Behavioral Approach, Contingency Approach, Contemporary Approach

Initiating structure refers to task-based leadership behaviors.

True

___________ leaders lead employees by aligning employee goals with the leader's goals.

Transformational

A founder's values could be one explanation for the difficulty encountered when trying to change a culture.

True

Fiedler's contingency theory suggests different leaders can be effective in different situations.

True

The CEO of an organization has legitimate power because of his or her role.

True

The intuitive decision-making model is best used when the decision maker has experience with the problem and there is time pressure.

True

To satisfice is to accept the first alternative that meets minimum criteria.

True

Three types of communication

Verbal, nonverbal and written

The availability of too much information leading to more and more time being spent on gathering information and thinking about it, resulting in no decisions being made is

analysis paralysis.

Strong cultures

are evidenced by consensus among employees on the values of the company.

Organizational culture consists of three levels:

assumptions, artifacts, and values.

If an industry is highly regulated, firms competing within it likely have

bureaucratic structures.

People-oriented behaviors are also called

consideration.

Three main functions of an organization

coordination, transmission of information, and sharing of emotions and feelings

Strategic decisions refer to those setting the

course of the organization

Security, safety and social equality are all examples of

cultural values

A system of shared assumptions, values, and beliefs that indicates what is appropriate and inappropriate behavior in an organization is

culture

Edward Jones management states that their success comes from their

culture of honest communication

The case of Lego was at heart about

diversifying perspectives of top managers

The ability to influence those in positions lower than yours is

downward influence.

Expectancy theory suggests individuals are motivated when

effort leads to high performance.

Where does the source of culture occur?

from an organization's founders

When a sender or receiver of information puts thoughts into words it is called

encoding

What are some ways that an organization can benefit from groups/ teams

facilitate change and stability, improved D-M and control, and improved ideas and skills

People-oriented cultures value

fairness, supportiveness and respecting individual rights

What is "satisficing"

finding a solution that works

Leadership involves exerting

influence over other members of a group or organization

A portion of a manager's power and influence stems from the use of

influence tactics and impression management

Access to specific knowledge or skills is _______________ power.

information

A professor assigns grades due to _________ power.

legitimate

Power that comes from one's organizational role or position is

legitimate power.

A trusted individual who provides the employee with advice and support regarding career-related matters is a

mentor

The angry birds case is a success story in what kind of decisions

non-programmed

A unique, nonroutine, important decision requiring conscious thinking, information gathering, and careful consideration of alternatives is a(n)

nonprogrammed decision.

Leaders who ensure their employees take part in decision making have a(n) _________________ leadership style.

participative

A company with a stable culture is

predictable, rule-oriented, and bureaucratic.

Bounded Rationality Model is about the ability to

reason is constrained by the limitations of the mind

A decision which centers on how things get done is a(n)

tactical decision.

To enhance organizational creativity, a manager might consider focusing on

team composition.

What is political skill?

the ability to maximize and leverage relationships in order to achieve organizational goals

What is the major obstacle to good decision making?

time and information

Research findings of leader behaviors suggest extremely high levels of leader task-oriented behaviors may lead

to burnout in employees.

Why is organization politics important?

to find the best way to split resources and have the highest use of resources

The key factor in the effectiveness of transformational leadership is

trust


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