Mass Comm Chapter 7-Radio

Deregulation

1996 telecommunications act, no national ownership limits, one company can own as many as 8 stations in a single market

Berliner's Gramophone

A flat, rotating, wax coated disc., could be copied from a metal master

Wireless Ship Act

All ships using US ports and 50+ passengers must have a working wireless and operator

Broadcasting-Radio Act of 1927

Authorized broadcasters to use airwaves and channels

Radio = Revolutionary-Wireless

Can reach mass audience simultaneously without physical connection

MP3

Compression software that shrinks audiofile to less than 10th of original size, Industry Approved Downloading

Ad-based

Content= entertainment and information, governmental regulation based on public interest

Communication Act of 1934

Created federal communications commission

Disaster Radio

Ex: 2011 Tsunami in Japan, people re-appreciated radio bc battery operated/hand cranked, mobile, not physical distribution-airwaves, wide transmission, free bc of commercials, region-specific content

Digital Technology

In the 70s, the basis of recording and radio industries changed from analog to digital recording

Radio = Revolutionary-Technology

It really matters!

P2P

Person-to-person software; direct internet-based communication or collaboration between 2 or more personal computers that bypasses centralized servers

In the US-Broadcasters=

Private, commercially owned enterprises

Wireless/radio is regulated bc it is considered a.....

Public Asset = limited amount of airwaves so u have to regulate it to make sure people don't interfere with it, there are spectrum ranges just for local radio and spectrum for national radio

Trustee Model

Regulation based on the philosophy of spectrum scarcity and issue on incluence

FCC

Set aside all FM frequency for noncommercial radio or NCE=non commercial educational; radio is for the public so it should serve public interest

Duoploy

Single ownership and management or multiple radio stations in one market

The Golden Age

Up to the 1950s, it was the Radio's golden age bc it was used how we use TV and the internet today, but then TV arrived

After Titanic-Radio Act of 1912

Wireless operators must be licensed by the secretary of commerce and labor

Edison's "talking machine"

a hand cranked grooved cylinder and a needle duplicating sounds

The internet

a new channel for music distribution

Introduction of Radio->Radio Act of 1912->Wireless operators must be ____ due to ______

licensed , spectrum scarcity

Radio survived bc

local, mobile, fragmented and specialized, inexpensive, personal, the "least distracting" medium

TV arrived after radio...

radio network affiliation dropped to 50% and stations went "local", radio survived but changed its nature

Generally, there is more governmental regulation on the broadcasting than print media, why?

this is bc airwaves belong to the public (public assets), neither broadcasters nor the gov. own them

Radio = Revolutionary-Content

vs. distribution seperated