Mass Comm Chapter 7-Radio
Deregulation
1996 telecommunications act, no national ownership limits, one company can own as many as 8 stations in a single market
Berliner's Gramophone
A flat, rotating, wax coated disc., could be copied from a metal master
Wireless Ship Act
All ships using US ports and 50+ passengers must have a working wireless and operator
Broadcasting-Radio Act of 1927
Authorized broadcasters to use airwaves and channels
Radio = Revolutionary-Wireless
Can reach mass audience simultaneously without physical connection
MP3
Compression software that shrinks audiofile to less than 10th of original size, Industry Approved Downloading
Ad-based
Content= entertainment and information, governmental regulation based on public interest
Communication Act of 1934
Created federal communications commission
Disaster Radio
Ex: 2011 Tsunami in Japan, people re-appreciated radio bc battery operated/hand cranked, mobile, not physical distribution-airwaves, wide transmission, free bc of commercials, region-specific content
Digital Technology
In the 70s, the basis of recording and radio industries changed from analog to digital recording
Radio = Revolutionary-Technology
It really matters!
P2P
Person-to-person software; direct internet-based communication or collaboration between 2 or more personal computers that bypasses centralized servers
In the US-Broadcasters=
Private, commercially owned enterprises
Wireless/radio is regulated bc it is considered a.....
Public Asset = limited amount of airwaves so u have to regulate it to make sure people don't interfere with it, there are spectrum ranges just for local radio and spectrum for national radio
Trustee Model
Regulation based on the philosophy of spectrum scarcity and issue on incluence
FCC
Set aside all FM frequency for noncommercial radio or NCE=non commercial educational; radio is for the public so it should serve public interest
Duoploy
Single ownership and management or multiple radio stations in one market
The Golden Age
Up to the 1950s, it was the Radio's golden age bc it was used how we use TV and the internet today, but then TV arrived
After Titanic-Radio Act of 1912
Wireless operators must be licensed by the secretary of commerce and labor
Edison's "talking machine"
a hand cranked grooved cylinder and a needle duplicating sounds
The internet
a new channel for music distribution
Introduction of Radio->Radio Act of 1912->Wireless operators must be ____ due to ______
licensed , spectrum scarcity
Radio survived bc
local, mobile, fragmented and specialized, inexpensive, personal, the "least distracting" medium
TV arrived after radio...
radio network affiliation dropped to 50% and stations went "local", radio survived but changed its nature
Generally, there is more governmental regulation on the broadcasting than print media, why?
this is bc airwaves belong to the public (public assets), neither broadcasters nor the gov. own them
Radio = Revolutionary-Content
vs. distribution seperated