mastering A&P ch. 23 group 1 modules 23.1-23.5 DSM

Cells in our body are constantly building new molecules to replace worn-out structures. This process is what part of cellular metabolism? Catabolism Cellular respiration Oxidation Anabolism

Anabolism

What happens to a glucose molecule as a result of the reactions of glycolysis? Broken down to six molecules of CO2 Formed into two molecules of acetyl-CoA Formed into citric acid Formation of two molecules of pyruvic acid

Formation of two molecules of pyruvic acid

Which process in the metabolism of glucose does not require oxygen? Citric acid cycle Formation of acetyl-CoA Electron transport chain Glycolysis

Glycolysis

Metabolism refers to __________. only the intake of sodium in foods and the loss of sodium in sweat and tears all the anabolic and catabolic reactions in the body only the balance between drinking water and sweating only the digestion of foods and the production of wastes

all the anabolic and catabolic reactions in the body

The first step in the sequence of enzymatic reactions in the tricarboxylic acid cycle is the formation of __________. citric acid pyruvic acid oxaloacetic acid acetyl-CoA

citric acid

What happens to oxygen when it functions as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport system? It becomes part of a water molecule. It attaches to NAD or FAD. It becomes part of CO2. It remains as O2.

it becomes part of a water molecule

All the chemical reactions that occur in an organism are called __________. oxidation energetics cellular respiration metabolism

metabolism

Which part of the cell is most heavily involved in energetics? Mitochondria Cytoplasm Nucleus Ribosomes

mitochondria

Where in the cell does the citric acid cycle occur? Cytoplasm Mitochondrial matrix Rough endoplasmic reticulum Inner mitochondrial membrane

mitochondrial matrix

A cell with excess carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids will break down carbohydrates in order to __________. provide metabolic regulation provide tissue growth and repair obtain energy, provide tissue growth and repair, and provide metabolic regulation obtain energy

obtain energy

In terms of the movement of electrons, the gain of electrons is called reduction, whereas the loss of electrons is called __________. catabolism oxidation anabolism metabolism

oxidation

The production of ATP provides energy to support anabolism as well as other cell functions. Which of the following is NOT supported by energy from ATP? Cell division Transport of chemicals into and out of the cell Movement and contraction of muscles The diffusion of molecules across the plasma membrane.

the diffusion of molecules across the plasma membrane

Where in the cell does the electron transport chain occur? Outer mitochondrial membrane Inner mitochondrial membrane Cytoplasm Matrix of the mitochondria

Inner mitochondrial membrane

All nutrients can be used by the mitochondria to provide energy. In what form are these nutrients "fed" into the mitochondria? As simple nutrients Three-carbon chains Two-carbon fragments Four-carbon chains

Two-carbon fragments

The process that breaks down organic substrates, releasing energy that can be used to synthesize ATP or other high-energy compounds, is __________. oxidation metabolism anabolism catabolism

catabolism

Which process in the aerobic metabolism of glucose takes place in the cytosol? Deamination TCA cycle Electron transport system Glycolysis

glycolysis

What chemical in the catabolism of glucose enters the mitochondria? Oxaloacetate Acetyl-CoA Citric acid Pyruvate

pyruvate

During the catabolism of glucose, some energy is captured by __________ molecules, while the rest of the energy is lost mainly as ________. oxidized; sound oxidized; heat reduced; light reduced; heat

reduced; heat

What is the primary role of the citric acid cycle in the production of ATP? Production of citric acid Removal of electrons from substrates Formation of CO2 Formation of acetyl-CoA

removal of electrons from substrates

For each glucose molecule converted to two pyruvates, the anaerobic reaction sequence in glycolysis provides a net gain of __________. 38 ATP for the cell 36 ATP for the cell four ATP for the cell two ATP for the cell

two ATP for the cell