Mastering Chemistry Problems
________ is isoelectronic with scandium. a. Ti2+ b. Ti c. K+ d. Ti+ e. Ti-
D
Phosphorous pentoxide (P4O10 ) is used as a dehydrating agent in many organic synthesis reactions. What type of bonding occurs between the atoms of a P4O10 molecule? a. covalent b. metallic c. ionic
A
Use the periodic table shown below, to determine which of the following ions have the same number of electrons as a noble gas. Periodic Table Check all that apply. a. Ti4+ b. Zn2+ c. Mn2+ d. Pb2+ e. Te2−
A, E
Do you expect the bonds between S and O to be nonpolar, polar covalent, or ionic? a. nonpolar covalent b. polar covalent c. ionic
B
How many dots should be shown in the Lewis symbol for phosphorus? a. Six b. Five c. One d. Seven
B
What type of bonding occurs in a sample of pure cobalt, Co? In other words, how is one cobalt atom held to another cobalt atom? a. covalent b. metallic c. ionic
B
Atomic radius generally increases as we move ________. a. up a group and from right to left across a period b. up a group and from left to right across a period c. down a group and from right to left across a period d. down a group; the period position has no effect e. down a group and from left to right across a period
C
What is the correct electron configuration of the ion formed by sulfur? a. [Ne]3s 23p 5 b. [Ne]3s 23p 4 c. [Ar] d. [Ne]
C
What type of bonding occurs in iron(III) chloride, FeCl3? a. covalent b. metallic c. ionic
C
_________ measures the energy released when an isolated atom gains an electron to form a 1- ion. The __________ measures the ability of the atom to hold on to its own electrons and attract electrons from other compounds.
Electron affinity, electronegativity
True/False... The effective nuclear charge in an atom is proportional to the number of nuclear protons.
False
Rank the following elements in order of decreasing atomic radius.... Ar, S, Cl, P
P, S, Cl, Ar
Place the following elements in order of decreasing atomic size: antimony, selenium, fluorine, rubidium, strontium, and arsenic (As, Se, F, Rb, Sr, Sb)
Rb, Sr, Sb, As, Se, F
Rank the following elements in order of decreasing atomic radius.... Ca, Mg, Be, Sr
Sr, Ca, Mg, Be
A tin atom has 50 electrons. Electrons in the ________ subshell experience the lowest effective nuclear charge. a. 5p b. 5s c. 3p d. 3d e. 1s
a
What is the trend in first ionization energies as one moves across the fourth period from K to Kr? a. First ionization energies increase slightly going from K to Kr and atomic sizes decrease. b. First ionization energies decrease slightly going from K to Kr and atomic sizes decrease.
a
The shielding of electrons gives rise to an effective nuclear charge, Zeff, which explains why boron is larger than oxygen. Estimate the approximate Zeff felt by a valence electron of boron and oxygen, respectively? a. +5 and +8 b. +3 and +6 c. +5 and +6 d. +3 and +8 e. +1 and +4
b
What is the trend in first ionization energies as one proceeds down the group 7A elements? a. The greater the atomic radius, the greater the ionization energy of the element. b. The greater the atomic radius, the smaller the ionization energy of the element.
b
Which of the following is a diatomic molecule? a. Co b. CO c. CH4 d. H2O
b
Which would you expect to experience a greater effective nuclear charge? a. a 3s electron of a Na atom b. a 2p electron of a Ne atom
b
Which element would be expected to have chemical and physical properties closest to those of calcium? a. Cu b. Fe c. Sr d. S e. Si
c
In which set of elements would all members be expected to have very similar chemical properties? a. N, O, F b. Ne, Na, Mg c. Na, Mg, K d. O, S, Se e. S, Se, Si
d
Which of the following occurs upon moving from left to right across a period (row) of elements on the periodic table? a. The number of core electrons changes. b. The principal quantum number increases. c. The principal quantum number decreases. d. The effective nuclear charge increases.
d
True/false.... The effective nuclear charge acting on an electron is larger than the actual nuclear charge.
false