MBA 560 Ch 10

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21) McClelland thinks that having a high nAch guarantees that a person will be a good manager.

False

23) Goal-setting theory shows that feedback from a superior provides better motivation than self-generated feedback.

False

8) Maslow argued that each level in the needs hierarchy must be substantially satisfied before the next becomes dominant.

True

10) In Maslow's system, a person takes care of social needs before worrying about personal safety.

False

13) Maslow's empirical studies provided substantial proof of the validity of his hierarchical model.

False

16) McGregor holds the opinion that managers are less successful when they adopt a Theory Y view of human nature.

False

18) In Herzberg's view, removing a factor of dissatisfaction makes a person more satisfied with his or her job.

False

2) Motivation is a drive that some people have and others don't have.

False

30) According to expectancy theory, managers should give all workers the same rewards.

False

31) Motivation theories do not work well in U.S. organizations because of the emphasis Americans place on individualism and achievement.

False

32) Job sharing improves production by allowing people to fit their jobs better into their lifestyles.

False

34) Telecommuting satisfies the needs of employees to interact socially.

False

36) Professionals are best motivated by extra pay and promotion within the organization.

False

38) Pay-for-performance programs pay employees for their time rather than for their output.

False

6) Most U.S. employees are excited about their jobs.

False

7) Maslow's hierarchy of needs proposes that all needs are sought after to an equal degree at all times.

False

4) Persistence is the amount of drive and intensity a person applies to a task.

False; energy

3) The three key elements in the definition of motivation are energy, direction, and achievement.

False; energy/direction/persistence

9) Maslow contends that lower-order needs are satisfied internally and higher-order needs are satisfied externally.

False; lower order - externally/higher order - internally

14) Most people enjoy work and responsibility and generally have a Theory X view of life.

False; theory Y

**20) McClelland proposed that people with a high nAch simply want to do things better than other people.

False

**72) Which of the following is true of the three early theories of motivation?

A) Herzberg focuses on job satisfaction.

39) Motivation is NOT ________.

A) a permanent personal trait

56) A manager with a Theory X view of human nature would ________.

A) be unlikely to allow workers to work independently

66) According to Herzberg, what controls satisfaction and motivation?

A) intrinsic factors

42) About ________ of the U.S. workforce is excited about work.

A) one-quarter

55) Theory X assumes that people work hard ________.

A) only when they are forced

44) Maslow sees food as being on the same level of need as which of the following?

A) sex

47) Maslow argued that once a need is substantially satisfied, ________.

A) the next need becomes dominant

53) ________ assumes that employees have little ambition, dislike work, and avoid responsibility.

B) Theory X

49) The key to motivation, according to Maslow, is to identify ________.

B) a person's level in the needs hierarchy

74) Which three needs are recognized in McClelland's three-needs theory?

B) achievement, power, affiliation

41) The direction of an individual's motivation can be channeled to benefit ________.

B) both individuals and/or organizations

45) According to Maslow, a person stranded on a desert island would ________ before she worried about making weapons.

B) build a house

60) According to Herzberg, which kind of characteristics are most closely associated with job dissatisfaction?

B) extrinsic things that come from the outside

50) Maslow's hierarchical model ________.

B) has never been validated by studies

59) Workers with a Theory Y point of view would be likely to ________.

B) love their job more than the money they make

63) According to Herzberg, favorable hygiene factors can cause an employee to feel ________.

B) not dissatisfied

64) According to Herzberg, the opposite of the state of being satisfied is ________.

B) not satisfied

46) An individual who wants to buy a home in a neighborhood with a low crime rate is satisfying which need?

B) safety

73) Which of the following was directly influenced by Herzberg's two-factor theory?

B) the job characteristics model

57) A manager with a Theory Y view of human nature would be likely ________.

B) to try to challenge his workers

68) According to Herzberg, in order to provide employees with job satisfaction, managers should concentrate on ________.

C) achievement and recognition

48) Maslow believes that higher-order needs ________.

C) are satisfied internally

67) According to Herzberg, hygiene factors ________.

C) control dissatisfaction but not satisfaction

58) Workers with a Theory X point of view would be likely to respond to ________ best.

C) fear of losing their job

70) Herzberg has had the greatest influence on which of the following?

C) how managers design jobs

43) Maslow's theory is a hierarchy because ________.

C) needs are satisfied sequentially

54) Theory Y assumes that people inherently ________.

C) want to control their own destiny

62) According to Herzberg, which of the following is considered a motivator?

D) responsibility

69) Which of the following holds that intrinsic factors are related to job satisfaction, and extrinsic factors are related to job dissatisfaction?

D) Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory

**71) Which of the following is true of the three early theories of motivation?

D) Only McGregor focuses on human nature.

65) According to Herzberg, when an extremely dissatisfied employee gets an improved salary and working conditions, he ________.

D) becomes less dissatisfied and his motivation is unaffected

51) Self-actualization most closely corresponds to ________.

D) becoming a whole person

61) According to Herzberg's Motivation-Hygiene theory, ________ are associated with job satisfaction.

D) motivators

75) Which of the following suggests that humans have an innate desire for friendly and close interpersonal relationships?

D) need for affiliation

52) Which of the following is a lower-order need in Maslow's hierarchy?

D) personal safety

**19) In Herzberg's view, removing a hygiene factor makes a person less dissatisfied with his or her job.

True

**25) In the JCM, autonomy and feedback are not core dimensions for a job.

True

**29) Vroom's expectancy theory would say that a worker with a higher expectation of performance will apply more effort to a job.

True

1) Motivation is a process that leads to a goal.

True

11) In Maslow's view, the key to understanding motivation is to understand where in the hierarchy of needs a person is located.

True

12) Maslow states that people can no longer be motivated by a given need if it is largely taken care of.

True

15) Managers with a Theory Y view of life think people need to be given the freedom to make their own choices.

True

17) Using fear as a motivator is a Theory X management style.

True

22) Goal-setting theory states that having specific goals improves performance.

True

24) The job characteristics model, or JCM, holds that the three core job dimensions - skill variety, task identity, and task significance - combine to give work true meaning.

True

26) Equity theory has three referent categories to which workers compare themselves: persons, systems, and self.

True

27) Equity theory holds that employees who feel underpaid will decrease their level of effort and performance in response to feelings of inequity.

True

28) Vroom's expectancy theory sees a link between effort and performance, performance and reward, and rewards and individual goals as the keys to motivation.

True

33) An advantage of telecommuting is that companies do not necessarily have to be located near their workforce.

True

35) Today's workplaces provide a wide range of scheduling options and benefits that allow employees more flexibility at work and allow them to better balance or integrate their work and personal lives.

True

37) Open-book management programs motivate by giving employees a greater sense of ownership in the company.

True

5) A single individual can have high motivation for one task and low motivation for another task.

True


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