*Mcgraw Hill BIO425 Chapter 10 Muscular System

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lateral

Most of the muscles that evert the foot are found in the ____ compartment of the leg.

lateral

Most of the muscles that evert the foot are found in the ___compartment of the leg.

coracoid

"The proximal skeletal attachment of the short head of the biceps brachii is the ___ process of the scapula. "

quadriceps femoris

"The rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and the vastus intermedius are heads of a muscle called the _____"

FALSE

"True or false: A muscle described as having a direct attachment is attached to the bone via a tendon or aponeurosis. "

Flexion of knee

"What is the major action of the muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh, commonly called the ""hamstrings?"" "

B. During inspiration, it depresses the floor of thorax

"Which describes the action of the diaphragm when it contracts? "

Gluteus maximus

"Which is a large posterior thigh muscle that is active in stair climbing, running, and elevation of the trunk after stooping? "

Help prevent slippage of the humeral head in the glenoid fossa

"Which is the common action of all the rotator cuff muscles? "

Platysma

"Which muscle draws the lower lip and angle of the mouth downward and may also help open the mouth widely? "

fascia

"Which term refers to a sheet of connective tissue that separates neighboring muscles or muscle groups? "

"1. Extends thigh at the hip 2. Abducts thigh "

Choose the actions of the gluteus maximus from the list below.

Abducts thigh Extends thigh at the hip

Choose the actions of the gluteus maximus from the list below.

"1. Extends thigh at the hip 2. Abducts thigh "

Choose the actions of the gluteus maximus from the list below. Select all that apply.

"1. Relaxes to allow other muscles to have control over the action 2. Limits the speed or range of the action by opposing the other muscles involved "

During a particular joint action, an antagonist may do which of the following?

Scalenes (anterior, middle, posterior) Sternocleidomastoid

List the flexors of the neck

"Sternocleidomastoid Scalenes"

List the flexors of the neck.

Multipennate

Many bipennate muscle units merging onto one tendon

Thigh adductors

Medial compartment

gastrocnemius (腓肠肌)

The muscle indicated by the arrow is the lateral head of ____

gluteus medius

The muscle indicated in the figure is the ___

extensor

The muscle indicated in the figure is the ___ digitorum

teres

The muscle indicated in the figure is the ___ major

iliacus

The muscle indicated in the figure is the ___ muscle

platysma

The muscle indicated in the figure is the ___ muscle

platysma muscle

The muscle indicated in the figure is the ____

occipitalis

The muscle indicated in the figure is the ____ muscle.

sternocleidomastoid (胸锁乳突肌)

The muscle indicated in the figure is the ____ muscle.

trapezius (斜方肌)

The muscle indicated in the figure is the ______

maximus

The muscle indicated in the picture is the gluteus ______

Levator scapulae

The muscle indicated in this picture is the ____

sartorius

The muscle indicated in this picture is the _____

oris

The orbicularis ___ is the muscle that attaches at the modiolus (angle) of the mouth and inserts in the tissue of the lips.

A. Adduct the arm B. Flex the arm E. Medially rotate the arm

The pectoralis major acts on the humerus to do which of the following?

"Clavicle; Costal cartilages Sternum"

The pectoralis major has multiple skeletal attachments. Choose three from the list below.

"Blood vessels Muscle spindles Nerves "

The perimyslum contains which of the following?

"Pubic symphysis Ischial tuberosiies Coccyx"

The perineum is bordered by which of the following bony landmarks?

"ischial tuberosities Pubic symphysis Coccyx "

The perineum is bordered by which of the following bony landmarks?

"Semitendinosus; Biceps femoris; Semimembranosus"

The posterior compartment of the thigh contains which of the following muscles?

adduct

The primary action of the indicated muscle is to ___ the thigh.

triceps brachil

The______ is a three-headed muscle on the posterior side of the humerus.

Dorsiflexion & Inversion of the foot

What are the actions of indicated muscle?

"Dorsiflexes foot Tautens plantar aponeurosis Extends toes "

What are the actions of the extensor digitorum longus?

1. Anterior flexion of the wrist; 2. Ulnar flexion of the wrist

What are the actions of the flexor carpi ulnaris?

Ulnar flexion of the wrist; Anterior flexion of the wrist

What are the actions of the flexor carpi ulnaris?

"1. plantar flexes foot 2. Flexes knee "

What are the actions of the gastrocnemius?

"1. Inversion of the foot; 2. Dorsiflexion "

What are the actions of the tibialis anterior?

Dorsiflexion + Inversion of the foot

What are the actions of the tibialis anterior?

"Movement Heat production Blood sugar regulation"

What are the functions of skeletal muscle?

"Proximal fibula; Interosseous membrane; Middle of tibia "

What are the proximal attachments of the soleus?

Medial tibia & Pubis and ischium( 胫骨内侧和耻骨和坐骨)

What are the skeletal attachment for the indicated muscle?

Lateral tibia and interosseous membrane; Medial cuneiform

What are the skeletal attachment of the tibialis anterior?

Medial cuneiform; Lateral tibia and interosseous membrane

What are the skeletal attachments of the tibialis anterior?

"Superolateral angle of mouth Zygomatic bone"

What are the skeletal attachments of the zygomaticus major?

A thick sheet of connective tissue separating neighboring groups of muscles

What is a fascia?

Extend the digits

What is most likely to be the action of the extensor digitorum?

Abduct and meidally rotae thigh

What is the action of the gluteus maximus?

Abduction of the arm

What is the action of the indicated muscle?

Flexes the thigh

What is the action of the indicated muscle?

Flexion of lumbar vertebral column

What is the action of the indicated muscle?

Lateral rotation of humerus

What is the action of the indicated muscle?

elevate angle of mouth

What is the action of the indicated pair of muscle?

Retract scapula; fixes scapula

What is the action of the muscle group indicated in the figure?(Rhomboid minor & major)

Closes the eye; aids in flow of tears across eye

What is the action of the orbicularis oculi?

Closes and protrudes lips as in kissing

What is the action of the orbicularis oris?

Pronate the forearm

What is the action of the pronator teres?

Extend the knee

What is the action of the quadriceps femoris?

Flexes hip and laterally rotates thigh

What is the action of the sartorius?

Plantar flexion of the foot

What is the action of the soleus?

Draws the angle of the mouth upward and laterally

What is the action of the zygomaticus major?

calcaneus

What is the distal skeletal attachment (insertion) of the gastrocnemius?

Elevate and protect ribs during inspiration

What is the function of External intercostal muscle?

Tibialis anterior

What is the most medial muscle of the anterior (extensor) compartment of the leg?

Soleus (比目鱼肌)

What is the name of the indicated (deep) muscles?

Semitendinosus

What is the name of the indicated muscle?

"1. Transverse abdominal 2. External abdominal oblique 3. Internal abdominal oblique 4. Rectus abdominis "

Which are muscles of the anterior abdominal wall?

A. External abdominal oblique B. Transverse abdominal C. Rectus abdominis D. Internal abdominal

Which are muscles of the anterior abdominal wall?

Clavicle and scapula

Which are origins of the deltoid muscle?

A muscular dome between the thoracic and abdominal cavities

Which best describes the diaphragm?

Lateral

Which compartment of the leg contains the fibularis (peroneus) longus?

Patellar ligament

Which connects the kneecap to the tibial tuberosity?

During inspiration, it depresses the floor of thorax

Which describes the action of the diaphragm when it contracts?

A loose connective tissue layer around each individual muscle cell

Which describes the endomysium?

Biceps femoris

Which hamstring muscle has a tendon that wraps laterally around the knee?

Orbicularis oris (眼眶肌)

Which is a complex of muscles that encircle the mouth? Orbicularis oculi Occipitalis Mentalis Orbicularis oris

Orblcularis oris

Which is a complex of muscles that encircles the mouth?

Masseter

Which is a parallel muscle located in the jaw?

Deltoid

Which is a prominent scapular muscle that can move the arm in many different ways?

Triceps brachii

Which is a three-headed muscle on the posterior side of the humerus?

"Semispinalis muscles Trapezius Spleniu muscles"

Which muscle are neck extensors?

Serratus anterior

Which muscle arises from separate heads on all or nearly all of the ribs, wraps laterally around the chest, passes across the back between the rib cage and scapula, and ends on the medial border of the scapula?

Buccinator

Which muscle compresses the cheek?

Levator palpebrae superioris

Which muscle contracts when you open your eye?

Trapezius

Which muscle extends and laterally flexes the neck?

Triceps brachii

Which muscle extends the elbow?

Triceps brahii (肱三头肌)

Which muscle extends the elbow?

Extensor digitorum

Which muscle extends the wrist and fingers?

Pectoralis Major

Which muscle flexes, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus?

Diaphragm

Which muscle forms a dome between the thoracic and abdominal cavities?

Orblcularis oculi

Which muscle is a sphincter of the eyelid that encircles and closes the eye?

"Trapezius "

Which muscle is classified as both a neck extensor and a posterior shoulder muscle?

Extensor digitorum longus

Which muscle is found in the anterior compartment of the lower leg?

Buccinator

Which muscle is indicated in the figure?

Flexor carpi radialis

Which muscle is indicated in the figure?

flexor carpi ulnaris

Which muscle is indicated in the figure?

Adductor longus

Which muscle is indicated in the picture?

External abdominal oblique

Which muscle is indicated in the picture?

Rectus femoris

Which muscle is indicated in the picture?

Tensor fasciae latae

Which muscle is indicated in the picture?

Teres minor

Which muscle is indicated in the picture?

temporalis

Which muscle is indicated in the picture?

Psoas major

Which muscle is indicated in the picture?

Supinator

Which muscle is indicated in the picture?

Orbicularis (眼眶肌)

Which muscle is indicated in this picture?

Pactoralis major (胸大肌)

Which muscle is indicated in this picture?

Biceps femoris

Which muscle is indicated?

biceps femoris (股二头肌)

Which muscle is indicated?

pectoralis minor

Which muscle is indicated?

B

Which muscle is the internal intercostal?

Triceps brachii

Which muscle is the prime mover of elbow extension?

Brachialis;

Which muscle is the prime mover of elbow flexion?

Diaphragm

Which muscle is the prime mover of inspiration?

Supraspinatus

Which muscle lies within the suprascapular fossa?

soleus

Which muscle plantar flexes the foot?

Transversus abdominis

Which muscle works to compress abdominal contents and to maintain posture, but does NOT contribute to movement of the vertebral column?

Pectoralis minor

Which muscle works together with the scapula laterally and forward around the chest wall?

"Mentalis; Platysma; Buccinator"

Which muscles are located in the mental and buccal regions of the head?

"platysma; Bucclnator; Mentalis"

Which muscles are located in the mental and buccal regions of the head?

"Flexor carpi ulnaris Fexor carpi radialis Flexor digitorum "

Which muscles are located in the superficial anterior compartment of the arm?

"Trapezius Splenius muscles Semispinalis muscles"

Which muscles are neck extensors?

phrenic(膈)

Which nerve provides innervation for the diaphragm?

Agonist

Which term is another word for prime mover?

Aponeurosis

Which term refers to a broad, sheet-like tendon?

Antagonist

Which term refers to a muscle that opposes the prime mover?

Agonist

Which term refers to a muscle that produces most of the force during a particular joint action?

Fascicles

Which term refers to bundles of muscle fibers, wrapped in connective tissue, within a muscle?

Pectoralis minor

Which triangular muscle, located in the upper part of the chest, arises by three heads from ribs 3 to 5 and converges on the shoulder?

Knee flexors

Posterior compartment

lateral head

Posterior surface of proximal end of humerus

Unipennate

"All fascicles approach tendon from one side of the muscle "

patellar ligament

"All four heads of the quadriceps femoris converge on the quadriceps tendon, which extends to the patella, then continues as the _____ and inserts on the tibial tuberosity. "

Compartments

"Fasciae separate muscles into functional groups. Which term refers to these enclosed groups of muscles? "

"1. Super ior pharyngeal constrictor 2. Middle pharyngeal constrictor 3. inferior pharyngeal constrictor "

"Place the three pharyngeal constrictors in order according to the sequence in which they contract during swallowing. "

The pit at the back of the knee

"The ""hamstring muscles"" get their name from the ""ham,"" more accurately known as the popliteal fossa. Based on where the hamstrings are located, what is the popliteal fossa? "

two

"The biceps brachii has ____ heads. Your answer should be a number. "

Synergist

"The biceps brachii helps the brachialis flex the elbow. Which term best describes the role of the biceps brachii during elbow flexion? "

perimysium

"The connective tissue layer that wraps fascicles is called the ____"

"A. Adduct the arm B. Flex the arm E. Medially rotate the arm"

"The pectoralis major acts on the humerus to do which of the following? "

"1. Flex the arm 2. Abducts arm 3. Medially rotate the arm "

"The pectoralis major acts on the humerus to do which of the following? Choose three of the answers below. "

Extends and laterally flexes neck (延伸并横向弯曲颈部)

"what are the actions of the trapezius? "

" parallel "

A muscle of uniform width with fascicles aligned along its longitudinal axis would be classified as a____ muscle.

fixator

A muscle that holds a bone steady during an action is called a ____

"1. Modify the direction of the movement produced by the prime mover 2.Contract together with the prime mover to produce more power 3. Stabilize a Joint to restrict undesirable movements of a bone "

A muscle that is acting as a synergist during a joint action may do which of the following?

triangular

A muscle that is broad at one end and narrower at the other is classified as a ___ muscle.

pennate

A muscle with its fasciculi arranged like barbs of a feather is called a ___ muscle.

Vastus intermedius

Anterior and lateral shaft of femur

Knee extensors

Anterior compartment

Rectus femoris

Anterior inferior iliac spine; margin of acetabulum

"Sternocleidomastoid Aponeurosis"

Bilateral contraction of which muscle causes the head to be moved straight forward and down?

tendons

Connective tissue structures that attach bone to muscle are called ____

tendons.

Connective tissue structures that attach bone to muscle are called__

Contralateral

Contraction of the left sternocleidomastoid tilts the head toward the right. What type of movement is this?

Palmar aponeurosis

Contraction of the palmarls longus tenses which of the following?

ipsilateral

Contraction of the right scalene muscles tilts the head toward the right shoulder. What type of movement is this?

Dorsiflexes foot

Extends great toe & What are the actions of the extensor hallucis longus?

Bipennate

Fascicles insert on the tendon from both sides

Vastus lateralis

Femur: greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera

Vastus medialis

Femur: intertrochanteric line, spiral line, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line

Posterior gluteal line of ilium Coccyx Sacrum

Identify the proximal attachment of the identified muscle.

Long head

Inferior margin of glenoid cavity and joint capsule

Anterior compartment

Knee extensors

Posterior compartment

Knee flexors

Nerve, spinal cord, and brain stem injuries

Knowing the innervation to each muscle enables clinicians to diagnose which of the following?

A: Pectineus B: Addcutor brevis C: Adductor longus D: Adductor magnus E: Gracilis

Label the name for indicated parts.

anterior

Muscles that dorsiflex the foot are found in which compartment of the leg?

circular

Muscles that form rings around body openings are described by shape as being ____ muscles.

"Lacrimal bone; medial angle of eyelid; Eyelids; skin around margin of orbit"

Name the attachments of the orbicularis oculi.

"1. Vastus intermedius 2. Rectus femoris 3. Vastus lateralis 4. Vastus medialis "

Name the heads of the quadriceps femoris.(the muscles that insert on the tibial tuberosity)

"1. Vastus intermedius 2. Rectus femoris 3. Vastus lateralis 4. Vastus medialis "

Name the muscles that insert on the tibial tuberosity.

Extend

Notice the origin and insertion of the muscle. Its action will be to ___ the knee.

Superior pharyngeal constrictor (咽上狭窄) Middle pharyngeal constrictor (咽中部狭窄) Inferior pharyngeal constrictor(咽下缩窄)

Place the three pharyngeal contrictors in order according to the sequence in which they contract during swallowing? Middle pharyngeal constrictor Superior pharyngeal constrictor Inferior pharyngeal constrictor

perimysium

Stretch receptors called muscle spindles are located within which connective tissue layer?

internal

The ___ abdominal oblique muscle compresses abdominal contents and, when only one side contracts (unilateral contraction), it causes ipsilateral rotation of the waist.

vastus intermedius

The ____ is the muscle located deep to the rectus femoris.

diaphragm

The ____ muscle is innervated by the phrenic nerves.

levator palpebrae superioris

The ____ muscle is located deep to the orbicularis oculi in the orbit and the eyelid, and acts to open the eye.

levator palpebrae

The ___superioris muscle is located deep to the orbicularis oculi in the orbit and the eyelid, and acts to open the eye.

extend

The action for the indicated muscle is to ___ the knee

"1. Vastus intermedius 2. Rectus femoris 3. Vastus lateralis 4. Vastus medialis 5. Sartorius "

The anterior compartment of the thigh contains which of the following muscles?

frontalis

The anterior muscle of the occipitofrontalis is the ______

frontalis

The anterior muscle of the occipitofrontalls is the ____

"Brachioradialis Pronator teres Supinator "

The bellies of which muscles are located in the antebrachium (forearm)? Choose three muscles from the list below.

"Brachialis; Triceps brachii; Biceps brachii "

The bellies of which muscles are located in the brachium (upper arm)? Choose three muscles from the list below.

flexes

The biceps brachii ____ the elbow. (Use an action word to complete the sentence.)

two

The biceps brachii has ___ heads.

endomysium

The loose connective tissue layer that surrounds individual muscle cells is called the ____

Flexion of the elbow

The brachioradialis muscle does which of the following actions?

carpal bones

The carpal tunnel is the space between the flexor retinaculum and which of the following?

epimysium

The connective tissue layer that covers the entire muscle is called the ___

epimysium

The connective tissue layers that covers the entire muscle is called ____

"1. Flexes arm 2. Medially rotates arm 3. Abducts arm 4. Laterally rotates arm"

The deltoid muscle has multiple actions. Indicate four of its actions from the list below.

B. Abducts arm C. Flexes arm F. Medially rotates arm G. Laterally rotate arm

The deltoid muscle has multiple actions. Indicate four of its actions from the list below. A. Retracts arm B. Abducts arm C. Flexes arm D. Adducts arm E. Elevates shoulder F. Medially rotates arm G. Laterally rotate arm

calcaneus

The distal attachment of soleus muscle is ____

Femur

The indicated muscle attaches on which bone?

infraspinatus

The indicated muscle is the ___ muscle

semimembranosus

The indicated muscle is the ___ muscle

Gracillis

The indicated muscle is the ____

vastus medialis

The indicated muscle is the ____

deltoid (三角肌)

The indicated muscle is the ____ muscle

latissimus dorsi (背阔肌)

The indicated muscle is the ____ muscle

gluteus minimus

The indicated muscle is the _____

biceps brachii (肱二头肌)

The indicated muscle is the _______

adduct

The indicated muscle's primary action is to ___ and medially rotate the thigh.

zygomaticus

The indicated pair o muscle are the ____ major and minor

pectoralis

The lateral attachment of the ___ major is the lateral lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus.

"Extends shoulder Adducts humerus Medially rotates humerus "

The latissimus dorsi has several actions.

"Retracts scapula Laterally flexes neck Elevates scapula"

The levator scapulae has multiple actions.

coracoid

The proximal skeletal attachment of the short head of the biceps brachii is the ___ process of the scapula.

Anterior abdominal wall

The rectus abdominis, transverse abdominal, and abdominal oblique muscles are are all located in which part of the body?

subscapularis,

The rotator cuff muscle that is located on the anterior surface of the scapula is the ___

tendons

The structures indicated by the arrows are examples of which of the following?

Palmaris longus

The tendon of which muscle goes over the flexor retinaculum, whereas the other tendons pass under it through the carpal tunnel?

subscapularis,

The tendon of which muscle helps form the rotator cuff?

Wrist and finger flexors

The tendons of which group of muscles pass through the carpal tunnel?

Extends knee & Abducts femur

The tensor fasciae latae has several actions.

Medial

The tibialis anterior inserts on which aspect of the foot?

"Spinous process of C7-T12; Occipital protuberance; Nuchal ligament "

The trapezius has multiple skeletal attachments.

Etensors of the neck

The trapezius, splenius muscles, and semispinalis muscles are classified as which of the following?

Elevation of the eyebrows

The two parts of the occipitofrontalis, the frontalis and the occipitalis, act together to perform which action?

Medial compartment

Thigh adductors

Hamstring muscles

Together the biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus are commonly known by which name?

iliopsoas

Together the lliacus and the psoas major are called the____(one word) and share a common tendon to the femur.

FALSE

True or false: The hamstrings are the major extensors of the knee.

Upper chest

Where is the pectoralis major located?

Medial excursion(内侧偏移) Retraction(缩回) Elevation(提高) Lateral excursion(横向偏移)

Which actions does the muscle indicated in the figure?

"Elevates eyebrows Draws scalp forward Wrinkles skin of forehead "

Which are actions of the frontalis?

"Fixes galea aponeurotica; Retracts scalp "

Which are actions of the occipitalis?

Fixes galea aponeurontica Retracts scalp

Which are actions of the occipitalis?

"Diaphragm Internal intercostals External intercostals "

Which are classified as respiratory muscles?

"1. Movement 2. Joint stability 3. Heat production "

Which are functions of skeletal muscle?

"Provides the extracellular chemical environment for each muscle fiber; Creates room for capillaries and nerve fibers to reach every muscle fiber; Separates individual muscle fibers "

Which are functions of the endomysium?

fusiform

muscle that is thick in the middle and tapered at each end is classified as ____ muscle.

Medial head

posterior surface of entire humeral shaft

perimysium

projections extending from the inner surface of the epimysium form which of the following?

Extends and laterally flexes neck (延伸并横向弯曲颈部)

what are the actions of the trapezius?

Olecranon

what is the distal attachment of all three heads of the triceps brachii?

Platysma

which is a thin superficial muscle of the upper chest and lower face

Masseter

which muscle elevates the mandible?

Teres major

which muscle extends and medially rotates the humerus?

Palrnaris longus

which muscle is located in the superficial anterior (flexor) compartment of the arm?


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