Med Terms Chapter 8
upper and lower GI series
barium swallow(upper) barium enema(lower) radiographic studies to examine digestive system
gallstone
biliary calculus, hard deposit formed in gallbladder and bile ducts
colonoscopy
direct visual examination of inner surface of colon
gastrointestinal endoscopy
endoscopic examination of interior of esophagus, stomach, and duodenum
proctoscopy
endoscopic examination of interior of rectum and anus
hemoccult
fecal occult blood test or FOBT, lab test for hidden blood in stool
jaundice
icterus, yellow discoloration caused by greater than normal amounts of bilirubin in blood
choledochiliotomy
incision in common bile duct for removal of gallstones
cholecystitis
inflammation of gallbladder
hepatitis
inflammation of liver usually caused by virus but may also be in toxic substances
endoscope
instrument used for direct visual examination of internal structures
laparoscopic cholecystectomy
lap choley, surgical removal of gallbladder
abdominal ultrasound
noninvasive test to visualize internal organs
cholecystalgia
pain in gallbladder
nasogastric intubation
placement of tube through nose into stomach
cholelithiasis
presence of gallsstones
antimetic
prevents or relieves nausea and vomiting
emetic
produces vomiting
cirrhosis
progressive degrenerative disease of liver, characterized by: disturbance of structure and function of liver.
stool samples
samples of feces that are examined for content and characteristics
enema
solution placed into rectum and colon to empty the lower intestine through bowel activity
maxillofacial surgery
specialized surgery of the face and jaws to correct deformities, treat diseases, and repair injury
ileostomy
surgical creation of opening between ilium at end of small intestine and abdominal wall
colostomy
surgical creation of opening between the colon and the body surface
gastrotomy
surgical creation of opening into stomach
proctopexy
surgical fixation of rectum
colotomy
surgical incision into colon
hepatotomy
surgical incision into the liver
gastrotomy
surgical incision into the stomach
ostomy
surgical procedure to create an artificial opening between an organ and the body surface
extraction
surgical removal of a tooth
colectomy
surgical removal of all or part of the colon
hepatectomy
surgical removal of all or part of the liver
gastroectomy
surgical removal of all or part of the stomach
gingivectomy
surgical removal of diseased gingival tissue
gastroduodenostomy
surgical removal of diverticulum
hemorrhoidectomy
surgical removal of hemorrhoids (piles)
ilectomy
surgical removal of ileum
proctectomy
surgical removal of rectum
palatoplasty
surgical repair of cleft palate
anaplasty
surgical repair of the anus
esophagoplasty
surgical repair of the esophagus
proctoplasy
surgical repair of the rectum
hepatorraphy
suture liver
acid blockers
taken before eating, block affects of histamine that signals stomach to produce acid
acid blockers
treatment to counteract dehydration
sigmoidscopy
use of endoscope for direct visual examination of interior of entire rectum
laxitives
used to stimulate bowel movements
anascopy
visual examination of anal canal and lower rectum using short speculum called anascope
abdominal CT
CT scan, radiographic procedure that requires a detailed cross section of tissue structure within the abdomen.