Metabolism Chapter
The energy content of food is commonly given in units of __________.
kilocalories or kcals or Cal
During lipolysis, _________ are broken down into glycerol and fatty acids.
triglycerides
If a person were to go multiple days without ingesting food, only water, you would likely find elevated levels of ketones in their urine.
true
In oxidative phosphorylation, the energy for the synthesis of ATP is directly obtained from the oxidation of acetyl-CoA.
false
Proteins, although used sparingly for energy production, yield the most energy per gram when metabolized.
false
The process of glycogenesis involved synthesizing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources.
false
Glycolytic breakdown of glucose first results in ________ molecules.
2 Pyruvate
Catabolic reactions are ________ reactions.
exergonic
Glucose is the primary energy source for cells because its breakdown occurs very slowly.
False
Amino acids, fatty acids and glucose can be converted into acetyl-CoA.
True
The number of calories that your body expends while you are awake, at rest is your ____________.
basal metabolic rate
The process that catalyzes fatty acids using enzymes that generates acetyl CoA is called __________.
beta oxidation
Insulin is secreted _______.
by beta cells
Beta oxidation occurs in the ________.
cytosol
Which step of glucose metabolism yields the greater amount of ATP?
electron transport chain
If Gerald wanted to lose weight, he could ___________.
increase his caloric expenditure or decrease his caloric intake
If a person consumes more calories than they utilize, they are considered to be in ___________.
positive energy balance
During the ______ state, the body is relying on internal energy reserves to continue meeting its energy demands.
postabsorptive
The sum of all of the biochemical processes going on within the human body at any given time is called __________.
metabolism
The function of the citric acid cycle is to _______.
remove hydrogen atoms from organic molecules and transfer them to coenzymes.