Meter test

What is this

Circuit board from solid meter

• Current Transformer

Devices that step current down for metering purposes, also known as CTS.

Voltage Transformer (VTs)

Devices that step voltage down for metering purposes, also known as potential transformers, or PTs.

Define Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI)

A two way communication technology

Kr Constant

Also known as a meter multiplier or register constant, is a number that represents the ratio between the register gear train and the value registered on the meter dial.

What does class mean?

Amps

• Automated Meter Reading (AMR)

Automated one-way communication technology that allows utilities to remotely collect meter data.

Meter Installation and Removal

Before installing any meter, testing should be done at the meter base to ensure that there is no short circuit, heavy load, or back feed in the customer's wiring. Always wear approved personal protective equipment when installing and removing meters. When removing a meter, it is always preferred to first disconnect the customer load.

• Energy Diversion

Billions of dollars in lost revenue are stolen from water, gas, and electric customers each year. Examples of energy diversion include tampering with the meter itself, bypassing the meter, and metering errors. When a meter seal is opened, attempts to reseal it include hiding or camouflaging where the seal was cut, using a counterfeit seal, or repairing a damaged seal.

Smart Meter

A solid state meter that provides two-way communication between the utility and the customer.

Electronic Meter

- A solid state meter (solid state means there are no moving parts) that provides one-way communication.

• Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)

- A two-way communication technology that allows utilities to remotely collect meter data and customers to review and manage usage in real time.

Kilowatt-hour

- Kilowatt-hour is the number of kilowatts consumed over a period of time in hours. This is used for the unit of measure of power consumption.

Wide Area Network

-A network similar to RF Mesh because it uses a radio frequency, but the meters communicate directly to a collector instead of reading from meter to meter.

Single phase

2S

How many wires does a single phase have?

3

How many wires on a 3 phase ?

4 wires

Kilowatt

A kilowatt is equivalent to 1,000 watts.

Self-contained Meter

A meter that has the capability to have all load current for the service flowing through it at the rated service voltage.

What is a second contained metering?

A meter that has the capability to have all load current for the service flowing through it at the rated service voltage.

Transformer-rated Meter

A meter used to measure energy consumption for services that have a voltage higher than 600 volts and 400 amperes, although it is not unusual to use transformer-rated meters on services over 240 V and a load over 200 amperes.

Solid State Meter

A meter with no moving parts.

Whats a solid state meter?

A meter with no moving parts. It can be an electronic meter or a smart meter.

Radio Frequency Mesh

A network where data travels by radio frequency, from one meter to another meter until the information reaches its destination.

Power Line Carrier

A network where data travels over existing power lines to send information to the head-end software or the meter.

What is this

Internal Solid state meter

Automated Metering Systems

Metering All automated metering systems have four key components which are: 1. Head-end software 2. The network 3. Network infrastructure 4. End points

Reading Electromechanical Meters

Meters - The dials of an electromechanical meter can be read either direction, but the information delivered in this book is delivered reading right to left. The smaller number that the pointer has just passed is recorded. If a pointer is directly on a number, the pointer to its immediate right must be read. If that pointer is past 0, record the number the pointer is on. If that pointer is not past 0, record the number the pointer has just passed.

Is the KR on a single phase?

Never

What is this internal part from?

Okay

Which one is a polyphase electromechanical meter?

Okay

Which one is the polyphase demand meter?

Okay

Which one is the single phase electromechanical meter?

Okay

Which one is the single phase solid state meter?

Okay

How do you induce a magnetic field?

The voltage coil of a meter element is needed to combine with the current coil to induce a magnetic field onto the meter disk causing it to rotate.

Electromechanical and Solid State Meter Anatomy

One current coil and one potential coil working that make up one element voltage coil of a meter element coil to induce a magnetic In a solid state meter, an element is made field onto the together to turn one disk are the parts electromechanical meter. The is needed to combine with the current meter disk causing it to rotate. (or stator) in an up of a voltage sensor and current sensor that act in a and current transformers (CTs) for a transformer-rated meter. similar fashion to voltage transformers (VTs)

Whats a meter stator?

One current coil and one potential coil working working together to turn one disk are the parts that make up one element (or stator) in an electromechanical meter.

Self contained meters can be :

Single phase polyphase electromechanical solid state demand They are limited to secondary metering which is 600 volts or less and 400 amperes or less

Head-end Software

The communication software that communicates with the meters to send or receive information. This communication software is utilized by the AMR and AMI systems.

Network

The communication system that carries the data between the meter and the head-end software.

• End Points

The devices installed at the customer's location that are used to communicate information to the customer and the utility.

Network Infrastructure

The hardware needed for the network to communicate to the head-end software and the meter. The hardware consists of routers, collectors, inbound and outbound units, and transformer units.

• Kh Constant

The number of watt-hours per one rotation of the disk.

Power Multiplier

The product of the voltage and current multipliers.

Energy Diversion

Theft of power that occurs when a consumer manipulates or bypasses the meter installation.

Transformer-rated Metering

This form of metering is used when voltage and/or current are too high to use a self-contained meter. Transformer- rated metering is composed of four main elements: 1. Voltage Transformers (VTs) 2. Current Transformers (CTs) 3. Test Switches 4. Transformer-rated meters. Item number 1 above could be omitted on various secondary installations.

Instrument Transformers

This is a common term describing both voltage transformers and current transformers. VTs and CTs are instrument transformers.

AMR and AMI

are automated metering systems that can remotely collect meter data. AMR uses one-way communication technology, while AMI uses two-way communication technology and can manage usage in real time. The key difference between AMI and AMR is the two-way communication between the utility and the customer. AMI more active role in their energy usage. With AMI, a meter can be read at provides utilities with up-to-date information and the customer can play a more frequent intervals than what was previously done with AMR.

• Electromechanical Meter

meters rely on a disk being turned from induction of a nearby voltage coil and a current coil.

Whats the difference between a electronic meter and or a smart meter.

smart meter has a circuit board for communication. State meter an element is made up of a voltage sensor and current sensor that act in a similar fashion to voltage transformers (VTS) and current transformers (CTS) for a transformer-rated meter.

• Meter Nameplates and Meter Sockets

the range of load for which Meter Nameplates Meter Sockets The meter nameplate will show the meter is designed. The amperage rating is typically referred to as the class of meter. A service will be either single-phase or polyphase (three-phase). The information on the meter match the service provided. The most common service in the United States is a three-wire, 120/240 V single-phase service, which nameplate should takes a three-wire meter.