MGMT 3720 1,2,3,4

Manager

An individual who achieves goals through other people.

Intellectual Abilities

Are abilities needed to perform mental activities - thinking, reasoning, and problem solving.

Biological characteristics

Are personal characteristics that are objective and easily obtained from personnel records.

Psychological Empowerment

Belief in the degree of influence over one's job, competence, job meaningfulness, and autonomy.

Core Self-evaluations

Bottom-line conclusions individuals have about their capabilities, competence, and worth as a person.

Four managerial Activities: 1. Traditional Management

Decision making, planning, and controlling.

Which of the following functions do managers undertake as part of planning functions?

Defining an organization's goals

Job Involvement

Degree of psychological identification with the job where perceived performance is important to self-worth.

Perceived Organizational Support (POS)

Degree to which employees believe the organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being.

Organizing

Determining what tasks are to be done, who is to do them, how the tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whom, and where decisions are to be made.

Surface-level Diversity

Differences in easily perceived characteristics, such as gender, race, ethnicity, age, or disability, that do not necessarily reflect the ways people think or feel but that may activate certain stereotypes.

Deep-level Diversity

Differences in values, personality, and work preferences that become progressively more important for determining similarity as people get to know one another better.

Citizen Behavior

Discretionary behavior that contributes to the psychological and social environment of the workplace.

Moral Emotions

Emotions that have moral implications because of our instant judgement of the situation that evokes them.

Affective Events Theory (AET)

Employees react emotionally to things that happen to them at work and this influences job performance and satisfaction.

According to Mintzberg's classification of managerial roles, a(n) ________ searches the organization and its environment for opportunities and initiates projects to bring about change.

Entrepreneur

Attitudes

Evaluations employees make about objections, people, or events.

Four managerial Activities: 2. Communication

Exchanging routine information and processing paperwork.

Surface acting

Hiding one's inner feelings and foregoing emotional

Affect Intensity

How strongly people experience their emotions.

Organizational Commitment

Identifying with a particular organization and its goals and wishing to maintain membership in the organization.

Emotion Regulation

Involves identifying and modifying the emotions you feel.

Ability

Is an individual's current capacity to perform various tasks in a job. 1. Intellectual 2. Physical

General mental ability

Is an overall factor of intelligence as suggested by the positive correlations among specific intellectual ability dimensions.

Cognitive Dissonance

Is any incompatibility an individual might perceive between two or more attitudes or between behavior and attitudes.

Diversity Management

Is the process and programs by which managers make everyone more aware of and sensitive to the needs and differences of others.

Discrimination

Is to note a difference between things.

Which of the following is true regarding positive organizational scholarship?

It studies how organizations develop human strengths, foster vitality, and unlock potential.

360.org, an organization working toward curbing climate change, recently conducted an interview with Jessica for the position of a public relations officer. However, interviewers Brenda and Laura are divided over whether Jessica should be given the job. Brenda believes that Jessica does not have in-depth knowledge about the issue of global warming and its impact. On the other hand, Laura feels that Jessica would be perfect for the job because she has strong interpersonal skills. Which of the following, if true, would weaken Laura's argument?

Jessica was unable to communicate clearly why she was right for the job.

Outcomes

Key factors that are affected by some other variables.

Systemic Study

Looking at relationships, attempting to attribute causes and effects, and drawing conclusions based on scientific evidence.

Controlling

Monitoring activities to ensure they are being accomplished as planned and correcting any significant deviations.

Four managerial Activities: 3. Human Resource Management

Motivating, discipling, managing conflict, staffing, and training.

A common characteristic of service jobs is that they ________.

Need substantial interaction with an organization's customers

Displayed

Required or appropriate emotions.

Hidden Disabilities

Sensory disabilities, chronic illness or pain, cognitive or learning impairments, sleep disorders, and psychological challenges.

Which of the following is an example of an ethical dilemma?

Should I play politics to advance my career?

Contingency Variables

Situational factors: variables that moderate the relationship between two or more variables.

Ethical Dilemmas and Ethical Choices

Situations in which individuals are required to define right & wrong conduct.

Four managerial Activities: 4. Networking

Socializing, politicking, and interacting with outsiders.

Age

Studies show that turnover and absenteeism rates are lower among older workers, and age is not associated with lower productivity. The U.S. workforce is aging.

Technical Skills

The ability to apply specialized knowledge or expertise.

Evidence-based Management (EBM)

The basing of managerial decisions on the best available scientific evidence.

Task performance

The combination of effectiveness and efficiency at doing your core job tasks.

Productivity

The combination of the effectiveness and efficiency of an organization.

Employee Engagement

The degree of involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm for the job.

Efficiency

The degree to which an organization can achieve its ends at a low cost.

Organizational Survival

The degree to which an organization is able to exist and grow over the long term.

Effectiveness

The degree to which an organization meets the needs of its clientele or customers.

Group Cohesion

The extent to which members of a group support and validate one another while at work.

Felt

The individual's actual emotions.

Job conditions

The intrinsic nature of the work itself, social interactions, and supervision are important predictors of job satisfaction.

Conceptual Skills

The mental ability to analyze and diagnose complex situations.

Group Functioning

The quantity and quality of a work group's output.

Psychology

The science that seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals.

Withdrawal Behavior

The set of actions employees take to separate themselves from the organization.

Sociology

The study of people in relation to their social environment or culture.

Anthropology

The study of societies to learn about human beings and their activities.

Deep Acting

Trying to modify one's true inner feelings based on display rules.

Input

Variables that lead to processes.

By 2020, the 55-and-older age group of the U.S. labor force will represent approximately ________ of the total labor force.

one-quarter

Race and Ethnicity

-Employees tend to favor colleagues of their own race in performance evaluations, promotion decisions, and pay raises. -African Americans and Hispanics perceive higher levels of discrimination in the workplace. -African Americans generally fare worse than Whites in employment decisions.

Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity

-Federal law does not protect employees against discrimination based on sexual orientation, but this may soon change. -Most Fortune 500 companies have policies covering sexual orientation and about half now have policies on gender identity.

Disabilities

-The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission classifies a person as disabled who has any physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities. -Workers with disabilities receive higher performance evaluations, but may have lower performance expectations.

Sex

-There are no consistent male-female differences in problem-solving ability, analytical skills, competitive drive, motivation, sociability, or learning drive. -But women earn less than men for the same positions and have fewer professional opportunities.

Six Essentially Universal Emotions

1. Anger 2. Fear 3. Sadness 4. Happiness 5. Disgust 6. Surprise

Management Roles:

1. Interpersonal Roles 2. Informational Roles 3. Decisional Roles

Management Skils

1. Technical Skills 2. Human Skills 3. Conceptual Skills

Four managerial Activities:

1. Traditional Management 2. Communication 3. Human Resource Management 4. Networking

Organization

A consciously coordinated social unit, composed of two or more people, that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal or set of goals.

Organizational Behavior (OB)

A field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization's effectiveness.

Leading

A function that includes motivating employees, directing others, selecting the most effective communication channels, and resolving conflicts.

Emotional Intelligence

A person's ability to: -Perceive emotions in the self and others. -Understand the meaning of these emotions. -Regulate one's emotions accordingly in a cascading model.

Job Satisfaction

A positive feeling about the job resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics.

Planning

A process that includes defining goals, establishing strategy, and developing plans to coordinate activities.

Processes

Actions that individuals, groups, and organizations engage in as a result of inputs and that lead to certain outcomes.

Model

An abstraction of reality a simplified representation of some real-world phenomenon.

Positive Organizational Scholarship

An are of OB research that concerns how organizations develop human strength, foster vitality and resilience, and unlock potential.

Social Psychology

An area of psychology that blends concepts from psychology and sociology that focuses on the influence of people on one another.

Emotional Labor

An employee's expression of organizationally desired emotions during interpersonal transactions at work.