MGMT Exam 3

Which term, in goal-setting theory, refers to the need to make goals highly ambitious but achievable?

Goal difficulty

Which of the following is a basic aim of diversity awareness training?

Helping individuals become aware of their own prejudices

At LBK Industries, responsibility for quality control rests with a team of quality control inspectors and supervisors rather than with employees. LBK uses what type of organizational control?

Hierarchical control

Which motivation theory proposes that needs must be satisfied in sequence?

Hierarchy of needs theory

Which of the following is the power coming from a formal management position in the organization?

Legitimate power

During which stage of team development does team unity emerge?

Norming

Michael's team has evolved to the storming stage of team development. As team leader, what should Michael be emphasizing?

Participation by all team members

Which is the highest level of sexual harassment?

Sexual crimes

Which of the following is more common in large teams?

The development of subgroups

Which of the following links employees in all directions, ranging from the president through middle management, support staff, and line employees?

The grapevine

An ethnocentric perspective leads to:

a monoculture.

Highly successful salespeople spend _____ of a sales call letting the customer talk.

60-70 percent

_____ refers to the steps taken to complete a company process.

Cycle time

Matthew is Mandy's supervisor. He promises to fire her if she does not engage in sexual activity with him. This type of sexual harassment would be categorized as:

coercion with threat of punishment.

All of the following are essential parts of any definition of leadership EXCEPT:

coercive power.

One of the most important things that a manager can do for the organization, according to the text, is to:

create a climate of trust and openness.

Which of the following is the most common diversity initiative, according to Fortune 1000 respondents?

Diversity-focused recruiting

Which of the following is the most familiar and obvious flow of formal communication?

Downward communication

What is the ideal size of work teams?

Five

Which of the following is described by the text as a communication channel that flows within the chain of command or task responsibility defined by the organization?

Formal communication

Research has shown that:

diverse groups are more creative than homogeneous groups.

According to the leadership grid, _____ means the absence of a management philosophy, where managers exert little effort toward interpersonal relationships or work accomplishment.

impoverished management

Inclusive dimensions of diversity include:

income, nationality, pay level, work style (all of these)

The first step in the perception process is _____.

observation

Blaming the teacher for a poor grade on an exam, and taking credit for good grades could be an example of which perceptual bias?

the fundamental attribution error.

Women make up less than 16 percent of all Fortune 500 executives. This could be due to:

the glass ceiling.

A survey by the Conference Board found that _____ percentage of US workers are satisfied with their work.

45

What percentage of a manager's time is spent in direct communication?

80 percent

The recommended management style from the leadership grid is _____.

9,9

Which of the following refers to a unit of two or more people who interact and coordinate their work to accomplish a specific objective?

A team

_____ is a control system that identifies the various activities needed to produce a product and determines the cost of those activities.

Activity-based costing

Jay is a trusting and forgiving individual who gets along with others because of being good-natured and cooperative. This describes which of the Big Five personality factors?

Agreeableness

Your department has absenteeism standards, a way to measure absenteeism, and, based on your investigation, you have concluded that your department has an excessive absenteeism rate. What should your next step be?

All of these would be good examples of taking corrective action.

Which of the following is a ratio that measures the firm's internal performance with respect to key activities defined by management?

An activity ratio

_____ leaders know and understand themselves, act consistently with high order ethical values, and empower and inspire others.

Authentic

Which of the following terms is the belief that power and status differences should exist within the organization?

Authoritarianism

Which of these is sometimes called negative reinforcement?

Avoidance learning

Which of the following is the process of measuring your organizational process against the best in the industry?

Benchmarking

_____ and _____ proposed a two dimensional leadership theory called the Managerial Grid.

Blake; Mouton

Which of these actions did the U.S. Supreme Court take?

Broadened the definition of sexual harassment to include same sex harassment and harassment of men by female coworkers.

Which of the following has the lowest channel richness?

Bulletins

_____ does not focus on a single receiver, uses limited information cues, and does not permit feedback.

Bulletins

"A fire that ignites followers" is used to describe which leadership characteristic?

Charisma

In a family where both parents work, which of the following may be helpful to accommodate the parents' needs?

Childcare, flexible work schedule, home-based employment, maternity or paternity leaves (all of these)

Which of the following types of power is vested in the manager's ability to punish employees?

Coercive

Beth, a middle manager at Heather's Handbags, uses threats and punishments as ways of influencing the behavior of his subordinates. Which of the following sources of power is Beth relying on?

Coercive power

_____ is the extent to which team members are attracted to the team and motivated to remain in it.

Cohesiveness

Which of the following is NOT a need proposed by Maslow in his hierarchy of needs theory?

Compensation needs

Which of the following is a model of leadership that describes the relationship between leadership styles and specific organizational situations?

Contingency approach

Which of the following refers to the system of governing an organization so that the interests of corporate owners are protected?

Corporate governance

Which of these, according to the leadership grid, is a 1,9 management style?

Country Club Management

_____ mentoring relationships sometimes leave both parties uncomfortable.

Cross-race

Which of the following is considered a leverage ratio?

Debt ratio

Sharon is a part of a software engineering team. Her task is to develop a diagnostic program for the medical profession. This is a very complex task. What type of communication structure would work best for her group?

Decentralized

_____ refers to a team communication structure in which team members freely communicate with one another and arrive at decisions.

Decentralized network

_____ is defined as all the ways in which people differ.

Diversity

Which of the following refers to special training to help people identify their own cultural boundaries, prejudices, and stereotypes and to develop the skills for managing and working in a diverse workplace?

Diversity training

When managers who express positive emotions such as happiness, enthusiasm, and appreciation trigger these same positive emotions in employees, _____is happening.

Emotion contagion

If Ben is tense, nervous, depressed and insecure, he would tend to be rated as low on which of these factors?

Emotional stability

_____ is power sharing, or the delegation of power or authority to subordinates in an organization.

Empowerment

Jenna composes an email from home to her boss to inform him that she will be late getting to work that day. The act of composing an email involves which stage of the communication process?

Encoding the message

_____ is a situation in which employees enjoy their work, contribute enthusiastically to meeting goals, and feel a sense of belonging and commitment to the organization.

Engagement

Nelson is motivated by a strong need for recognition and is continually seeking credit for his contributions to the organization. According to Maslow, Neil is motivated by which category of needs?

Esteem

_____ reflects the belief that one's own group is superior to other groups.

Ethnocentrism

Which of the following is based on the relationships between effort, performance, and outcomes?

Expectancy theory

_____ involves exposing traditional managers to nontraditional peers to help break down stereotypical beliefs.

Exposure

Which of these refers to the withdrawal of a positive reward, meaning that behavior is no longer reinforced and hence is less likely to occur in the future?

Extinction

Which communication channel would be most successful to inform managers of impending company-wide layoff?

Face-to-face contact

_____ is necessary for communication to be considered two-way.

Feedback

_____ is the extent to which doing the job provides information back to the employee about his or her performance.

Feedback

Which of the following is the first stage of team development?

Forming

Which of the following is a formal team composed of a manager and his or her subordinates?

Functional team

Josephine would like to become part of an elite manager network at her company so she can get access to general and line management experience to help her succeed within the company. However, she learns that the manager network is made up exclusively of men. This demonstrates which factor affecting women's careers?

Glass ceiling

Amber is a member of a work team at Buchanon Dance, Inc. She often attempts to help disagreeing parties reach agreement. This is an example of which socioemotional role behavior?

Harmonize

Alden is a recent college graduate. He is unsure about his future. A counselor in his university's career resources office recently told Alden that he had a high need for achievement. Based on this, what type of career should Alden pursue?

He should think about starting his own business.

Which of the following is a content theory that proposes that people are motivated by physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, and self-actualization needs?

Hierarchy of needs theory

Rachel is described by her colleagues as pragmatic, super-competitive, and more likely to persuade than be persuaded. She fits which personality category most closely?

High Mach

Which of the following group is expected to grow the most in employment from 2008 to 2018?

Hispanic

Which racial or ethnic category currently represents the largest and fastest growing minority group?

Hispanic

_____ means being unpretentious and modest rather than arrogant and prideful.

Humility

_____ is(are) categories of sexual harassment.

Inappropriate/offensive, coercion with threat of punishment, solicitation with promise of reward, generalized (all of these)

The majority of hourly workers at Formatting Unlimited are neither satisfied nor dissatisfied. What would Herzberg recommend if your goal were to increase their level of satisfaction?

Increase the level of motivators

Which of the following is not a dividend of workplace diversity?

Increased costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits.

_____ refers to messages designed to motivate employees to adopt the company's mission and cultural values and to participate in special ceremonies.

Indoctrination

At work, Sue Ellen favors a consensual and collaborative process, where influence derives from relationships rather than positions of power and formal authority. As such, she can best be viewed as what type of leader?

Interactive

Which of the following is NOT a valid component of authentic leadership?

Isolates self from others

Managing emotion is a basic component of emotional intelligence. Which of the following best describes managing emotions?

It is the ability to balance one's moods so that worry, anxiety, fear, or anger do not cloud thinking.

Which of the following is the application of motivational theories to the structure of work for improving productivity and satisfaction?

Job design

Which of the following combines a series of tasks into one new, broader job?

Job enlargement

_____is defined as a positive attitude toward one's job.

Job satisfaction

Which of the following refers to group atmosphere and members' attitude toward and acceptance of the leader?

Leader-member relations

Linda is viewed by her colleagues as someone who makes productive contributions through talent, knowledge, and good work habits, but she is sometimes hard to work with because of her communication style. Based on the Level 5 leadership spectrum, Linda would be placed in which category?

Level 1: Highly capable individual

The leader who builds widespread commitment to a clear and compelling vision and stimulates people to high performance is a _____ leader

Level 4

Which of the following refers to funding activities with borrowed money?

Leverage

Which of the following is defined as the tendency to direct much of one's behavior toward the acquisition of power and the manipulation of others for personal gain?

Machiavellianism

_____ means creating a climate in which the potential advantages of diversity for organizational or group performance are maximized while the potential disadvantages are minimized.

Managing diversity

Which of the following refers to a higher ranking, senior organizational member who is committed to providing upward mobility and support to a protégé's professional career?

Mentor

_____ reflects a moderate amount of concern for both people and production.

Middle of the Road Management

Which of the following statements is true?

Morale is higher in cohesive teams.

_____ have the greatest impact, according to Herzberg, on job satisfaction.

Motivators

Which of the following types of power stems from a leader's special knowledge?

None of these

Which of the following is a standard of conduct that is shared by team members and guides their behavior?

Norm

Dale's work team is beginning to resolve its conflicts and consensus is developing on such things as members' roles. Dale's team is in which stage of team development?

Norming

During which stage of team development should the team leader help clarify team roles, norms, and values?

Norming

Which of the following allows employees to see for themselves the financial condition of the company?

Open-book management

Riya was a highly successful manager at Optics International. After ten years with the company, she decided to leave and become a fulltime mother and caregiver to her ailing father. This example demonstrates which factor affecting women's careers?

Opt-out trend

Which of the following is the systematic process through which managers regulate organizational activities?

Organizational control

In what stage of the perception process are individuals likely to put things into patterns?

Organizing

_____is the process by which individuals screen and select the various objects and stimuli that vie for their attention.

Perceptual selectivity

Use of the balanced scorecard can hinder or decrease organizational performance if it is implemented using which type of orientation?

Performance measurement orientation

_____ channels are channels that exist outside the formally authorized channels without regard for the organization's hierarchy of authority.

Personal communication

Ron, a new associate at Barkley and Sons, is working to cultivate personal relationships with individuals outside of his department, in hopes that someday these relationships will help him succeed professionally. Ron is developing which of the following?

Personal communication network

_____ is the acquisition and cultivation of personal relationships that cross departmental, hierarchical, and even organizational boundaries.

Personal networking

Which of the following is NOT a manager quality?

Personal power

Self-confidence, honesty and integrity, and the desire to lead, are all components of which personal characteristic of leaders?

Personality

_____ describe the most basic human physical needs, including food, water and oxygen.

Physiological needs

Which of the following means that an organization accommodates several subcultures?

Pluralism

Which of the following is the administration of a pleasant and rewarding consequence following a desired behavior?

Positive reinforcement

_____ means that the first behaviors that occur in a team often set a precedent for later team expectations.

Primacy

Which of the following theories concern the thought processes that influence behavior?

Process

All of the following are major approaches to leadership EXCEPT:

Progressive leadership.

_____ is(are) most beneficial when employees have challenging jobs.

Quality circles

Smileline Inc. has an onsite daycare facility and provides employees fulltime daycare at a very low cost. The company implemented this years ago when managers realized that childcare responsibilities were contributing to high turnover and absenteeism. This example highlights which dividend of workplace diversity?

Reduced costs associated with high turnover, absenteeism, and lawsuits

_____ focus on employee learning of desired work behaviors.

Reinforcement theories

Which of the following theories places an emphasis on behavior and its consequences?

Reinforcement theory

_____ power is based in the ability of the leader to do such things as recommend promotions.

Reward

_____conflict occurs when an individual perceives incompatible demands from others.

Role

When leaders influence others through the exchange of benefits or favors, which influence tactic is being used?

Rule of reciprocity

Which of the following statements is true?

Self-managed teams are empowered with decision-making authority.

On the continuum of empowerment, what is the highest level of empowerment that requires the most complex skills?

Self-management

The tendancy to overestimate the contribution of internal factors is part of which perceptual bias?

Self-serving bias

_____type people, according to Jung, would rather work with known facts and hard data and prefer routine and order in gathering information.

Sensation

Maliah bases her judgments on impersonal analysis. To resolve problems at work, she uses reason and logic rather than personal values or emotional aspects of the situation. In gathering information, Maliah prefers routine and order. Based on this information, Maliah ranks highly in which Myers-Briggs category?

Sensation-Thinking

Tiffany recently discovered that the reject rate for her department has exceeded the standard for performance in this area. What should Tiffany do to exercise effective control?

She should investigate and discover the cause of the problem.

Which of the following is a quality control approach that emphasizes a relentless pursuit of higher quality and lower costs?

Six Sigma

Which quality control technique uses a five-step methodology to define, measure, analyze, improve, and control processes, otherwise referred to as DMAIC?

Six Sigma

Which theory proposes that an individual's motivation can result not just from direct experience of rewards and punishments but also from the person's thoughts and beliefs and his or her observations of other people's behavior?

Social learning theory

Which of the following teams are created outside the formal organization structure to undertake a project of special importance or creativity?

Special-purpose

For control, this type of measure is an important part of achieving higher performance.

Statistical

_____ is a rigid, exaggerated, irrational belief associated with a particular group of people

Stereotype

_____ is a rigid, exaggerated, irrational belief associated with a particular group of people.

Stereotype

_____ is a psychological experience of a person who, usually engaged in a task, is aware of a stereotype about his or her identity group suggesting he or she will not perform well on that task.

Stereotype threat

Which of the following is the tendency to assign an individual to a group or broad category and then to attribute widely held generalizations about the group to the individual?

Stereotyping

Which of the five stages of team development is marked by conflict and disagreement?

Storming

_____ refers to dialogue across boundaries and hierarchical levels about the team or organization's vision, critical strategic themes, and values that help achieve important goals.

Strategic conversation

_____ are natural talents and abilities that have been supported and reinforced with learned knowledge and skills and provide each individual with his or her best tools for accomplishment and satisfaction.

Strengths

Which of the following is consistent with initiating structure?

Task oriented behavior

All of the following are things bad bosses do to create stress for their subordinates EXCEPT:

Tell people exactly what is expected of them.

According to the situational theory of Hersey and Blanchard, which of the following leader styles matches up best with low readiness subordinates?

Telling style

The tendancy to overestimate the contribution of external factors is part of which perceptual bias?

The fundamental attribution error

Which of the following is an invisible barrier that separates women and minorities from top management positions?

The glass ceiling

_____ serves as invisible barriers to important horizontal movement within the organization.

The glass wall

Josh evaluates Kandi's performance and gives her an "outstanding" based on his knowledge that she came to work everyday earlier than anyone else and therefore she is extremely hardworking. Josh is making which of these errors in perceptual judgment?

The halo effect

Which of the following prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, and sex?

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Charlie, a manager at a textile company, is bothered by a lack in quality of products manufactured by his company. Charlie hopes to infuse quality into the company through continuous improvement by involving everyone who works there. This describes which control philosophy?

Total quality management

Hopetech Industries has a corporate diversity plan that limits diversity to areas that do not change throughout a person's lifetime, such as race, gender, age, and disability. Hopetech's diversity plan follows which model of corporate diversity?

Traditional model

Which type of leader clarifies the role and task requirements of subordinates?

Transactional

Andy's subordinates say that they love working for Andy because he inspires them to not only believe in the organization but to believe in their own potential as well. Based on this example, Andy can best be described as what type of leader?

Transformational

One of Ruby's few flaws is that she does not consider possibilities beyond what she is told, accepting her supervisor's ideas without thinking. She can best be described as what type of thinker?

Uncritical

Which of the following is the most frequently used and a highly effective influence strategy?

Using rational persuasion

Which of the following groups has the largest wage gap between genders?

White

_____ are less likely than _____ to develop mentoring relationships.

Women; men

The conversion ratio is considered to be a(n) _____ ratio.

activity

Traits of _____seem to be particularly important in today's collaborative organizations.

agreeableness

The four primary skills for communicating in a crisis include all of the following EXCEPT:

all of these are skills for communicating in a crisis (staying calm, being visible, getting the awful truth out, and communicating a vision for the future)

Channel richness refers to the:

amount of information that can be transmitted during a communication episode.

Studies have found that the characteristic most common to top executives is:

an optimistic attitude.

Characteristics of a good listener are someone who:

asks questions, summarizes, and listens to central themes.

Pattie's Pancakes recently held a series of focus groups to gather information on employee perceptions of women and minorities in the workplace. In particular, Pattie's was interested in learning about the myths, values, and beliefs that currently exist in their organization. This is an example of:

building a corporate culture that values diversity.

Inclusive dimensions of diversity:

can change throughout one's lifetime.

Madison has been assigned to work on the development of a budget that plans future investments in major assets such as buildings and heavy machinery. Madison is working on a(n) _____ budget.

capital

The _____ plans future investments in major assets to be depreciated over several years.

capital budget

Roy is a top executive at a cigarette manufacturing company who believes that cigarettes are dangerous products and they kill people. This condition can be described as:

cognitive dissonance.

Wyatt has recently been appointed by his boss to a group that has been meeting since the company he works for was founded. The purpose of this group is to make budgetary decisions on an ongoing basis. Wyatt's group can best be defined as a _____.

committee

The term _____ is defined as "an individual's level of fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication."

communication apprehension

Managing team _____ is the most important skill required for effective team management.

conflict

TickTock Clock Corporation is attempting to develop a truly diverse workplace. TickTock's president assigned the human resources department the task of determining the demographics of the local area labor market. This is an attempt to change existing _____ within the organization.

cultures

The six interpersonal influence tactics for leaders include all of the following EXCEPT:

do not worry about people liking you.

Information distortion or loss of message content is a major problem with:

downward communication.

People with an external locus of control are:

easier to lead.

A(n)_____ is an example of an intrinsic reward.

employee's feelings of self-worth

The Michigan researchers used the term _____ for leaders who established high performance goals and displayed supportive behavior toward subordinates.

employee-centered leaders

The delegation of power and authority to subordinates is referred to as:

empowerment.

Which of these is consistent with the role of the socioemotional role?

encourage, follow, compromise (all of these)

Carla's subordinates view her as a great manager. Not only does she get the job done, but she organizes the workplace in such a way that employees experience a sense of meaningfulness, connection, and growth. This is an example of employee:

engagement.

Alderfer referred to the needs for physical well being as _____ needs.

existence

Once a month, the top managers at George's Greenhouse make a point of meeting with the work teams in their respective divisions in order to communicate to them the organization's priorities, goals, and needs. This is an example of top management attempting to influence team norms through:

explicit statements.

Jason has been unemployed for three months. When his wife asked him why he was not looking for a job, Jason responded, "If I am lucky, I will get my old job back." Jason would be considered as having a(n):

external locus of control.

A(n)_____ refers to a reward given by another person.

extrinsic reward

A(n) _____ is a person who benefits from team membership but does not make a proportionate contribution to the team's work.

free rider

_____ occurs when members of a team feel comfortable disagreeing and challenging one another in the interest of finding the best solution.

free rider

Randy is a team leader at Welldrilling.net. His team is made up of fifteen co-workers. Recently, he has noticed a tendency for some team members to participate much less than others. They seem uninterested and content to let others do the work. This is called:

free riding.

Paying a woman less than a man for the same work is an example of::

gender discrimination

The learned behaviors associated with being male or female are referred to as:

gender roles.

All of the following are key steps of setting up feedback control systems EXCEPT:

getting employee opinions.

At FEI Industries, teams of product developers coordinate their work electronically at the North American, European, and Asian sites to coincide with peak operating hours at each location. Such teams are referred to as a _____.

global team

Cross-border work teams made up of members of different nationalities whose activities span multiple countries are called:

global teams.

The early research on leadership traits was referred to as the:

great man approach.

The tendency for people to be so committed to a cohesive team that they are reluctant to express contrary opinions refers to _____.

groupthink

Keys to effective listening include all of the following EXCEPT:

have preconceptions.

Research has shown that network groups:

help retain minority employees.

The basic philosophy of control at Nutrients-For-You, Inc. is based on the policies found in the employee handbook, as well as a strict hierarchy of authority. This philosophy is consistent with:

hierarchical control.

Research shows that _____are predisposed to being pragmatic, capable of lying to achieve personal goals, more likely to win in win-lose situations, and more likely to persuade than be persuaded.

high Machs

Megan is a manager at Botell International. She is very friendly and extremely respectful of her subordinate's welfare. She can be described as:

high in consideration.

Individuals who believe that they control their own destiny are described as having a:

high internal locus of control.

The competing style of conflict resolution is based on a _____ degree of assertiveness and a _____ degree of cooperativeness.

high, low

Empowering employees means giving employees _____.

information, knowledge, power, rewards (all of these)

Sally enjoys her job as a teacher, not because of the pay or benefits, but because she feels good about shaping the minds of tomorrow's leaders. Sally is motivated by:

intrinsic rewards.

Leadership is reciprocal, according to your text. This means:

it occurs between people.

People generally experience _____ when their work matches their needs and interests, when working conditions and rewards (such as pay) are satisfactory, and when the employees like their co-workers.

job satisfaction

Peter has the ability to convince others to work toward organizational objectives. This ability is known as _____.

leadership

Ian does not have much of a relationship with his subordinates. They feel obligated to do as he says because he's the boss. This is an example of:

legitimate power.

The skills of _____ require receiving messages to accurately grasp facts and feelings to interpret the meaning of the message.

listening

The Big Five personality factors includes all of these EXCEPT:

locus of control.

The avoiding style of conflict resolution is based on a _____ degree of assertiveness and a _____ degree of cooperativeness.

low, low

An advantage of the bottom-up budgeting process is:

lower managers are more involved.

All of the following are tactics for promoting stronger organizational commitment EXCEPT:

maintaining a secretive culture

According to the control model, after establishing standards of performance the manager should:

measure actual performance.

A manager might use _____ as a type of communication.

meetings, telephone conversations, talking informally (all of these)

When informing your staff of the date for the company picnic, a _____ would be most practical and successful.

memo

In situations of _____, according to Fiedler, relationship-oriented leaders are more effective.

moderate favorability

A culture that accepts only one way of doing things and one set of values and beliefs is referred to as a(n) _____.

monoculture

Self-directed teams consist of 5 to 20 _____ workers.

multiskilled

Most organizations _____ shift from a monoculture perspective to one of pluralism.

must make a conscious effort to

Shortly after she landed a corporate-level job at InfoBasis, Tonya Kennel formed a women's leadership group to help women advance within the company. Membership within the group was voluntary and open to women with a desire to advance in the company. Tonya's group can best be described as a(n):

network group

The average U.S. worker, today, is _____ than ever.

older

The goal of _____ is to get every employee thinking and acting like a business owner.

open-book management

Ophelia, the new CEO at Odyssey Inc., plans to implement a highly effective systematic process of regulating organizational activities to make them consistent with the expectations that are established by managers within the company. This is referred to as _____ control.

organizational

An interdisciplinary field dedicated to the study of how individuals and groups tend to act in organizations is called:

organizational behavior.

An employee with a high degree of _____ is more likely to want to stay with their current company.

organizational commitment

According to Herzberg, _____ is an example of a hygiene factor.

pay

The cognitive process people use to make sense out of the environment by selecting, organizing, and interpreting information is called:

perception.

Messages that appraise how well individuals and departments are doing their jobs are called:

performance feedback.

During the _____ stage of team development, the major emphasis is on task accomplishment.

performing

Self-directed teams are _____ teams.

permanent

Net income divided by sales is the correct formula for calculating:

profit margin on sales.

Traditional model dimensions of diversity include:

race.

Two leadership styles used by Fiedler in his contingency theory were:

relationship-oriented and task-oriented.

Type A behavior pattern is characterized by all of these EXCEPT:

relaxed lifestyle.

Candice uses praise, letters of support, and pats on the back as ways of influencing her subordinate's behaviors. All of these actions are highly valued by the work group. This is an example of:

reward power.

In the context of work team effectiveness, _____ pertains to the team's ability to meet the personal needs of its members.

satisfaction

Research shows that the link between _____ and _____ is small and is influenced by other factors.

satisfaction; performance

According to Maslow, the highest order needs are:

self-actualization needs.

The general assurance in one's own ideas, judgment, and capabilities is referred to as:

self-confidence.

Carolyn is a member of a work team at Creepy Clown's Company. She and her teammates possess several different skills and are able to perform a major organizational task with little or no oversight from management. Carolyn is a member of a(n):

self-directed team.

An individual's strong belief that he or she can successfully accomplish a specific task or outcome is referred to as:

self-efficacy.

A(n)_____ leader works to fulfill subordinated needs and goals as well as to achieve the organization's larger mission.

servant

All of these are inclusive dimensions of diversity EXCEPT:

sexual orientation.

_____ influences the critical psychological state of experienced meaningfulness of work.

skill variety, task significance, task identity (all of these)

During the _____ stage, the team leader should encourage participation by each team member.

storming

All of the following are leadership qualities EXCEPT:

structured.

Kyle's work group consistently exceeds the goals the members set for themselves some months ago. In an attempt to better motivate the group, Kyle thought it would be a good idea to set new goals. This is an example of Kyle exercising control by:

taking corrective action.

The degree to which the job is perceived as important and having impact on the company or customers is referred to as:

task significance.

A centralized network is one in which:

team members communicate through one individual to make decisions.

Trouser's Inc. top management is exclusively made up of older white males. Trouser's promotes from within and top management is most comfortable with individuals who are similar to them. Women and minorities at this company who wish to be promoted are likely to experience _____.

the glass ceiling effect

All of the following are true about employee network groups EXCEPT:

the groups are formally created by the organization.

An overall impression of a person or situation based on one attribute, either favorable or unfavorable, is an example of:

the halo effect.

Quality circles are based on the assumption(s) that:

the people who do the job know it better than anyone else.

Brad is a department manager at Home Theater, Inc. His sole role in the budget process is to implement the budget that is developed for him. This is an example of:

top-down budgeting.

The distinguishing personal characteristics of a leader are known as:

traits.

The _____ leader is distinguished by his/her ability to bring about organizational change.

transformational

A contingency factor that can influence the success of a TQM program in a negative way is that:

union leaders are left out of QC discussions.

Many organizations use suggestion boxes, open door policies, and surveys to facilitate:

upward communication.

Individuals high on authoritarianism have problems with:

use of subjective feelings.

Compared to men, women tend to:

use their unique conversational style to show involvement.

According to MANAGER'S SHOPTALK in Chapter 15, when delegating leaders do all of the following EXCEPT:

work alone to accomplish important tasks.

According to the text, all of the following are ways managers can improve their writing skills EXCEPT:

writing lengthy explanations.

An example of non-verbal communication is all of these except:

written memo.