MGT 3404 Exam 3 - Ch. 9 HRM

define COLA (cost of living adjustments)

a clause which ties future wage increases to increases in the cost of living b/c the cost of living is always going up

what are the statistics of the EEOC?

a lot of employees filed charges with the EEOC. from 2008-2013 it was over 90,000 cases. since then the average has reduced. only 18% of these cases get through whole EEOC process. out of the complaints filed, only 2% are deemed with reasonable cause with the employer at fault

define the traits performance appraisals

a subjective evaluation of employees based on personal traits like leadership, attitude, communication skills (not as effective)

What is the Ledbetter Fair Pay Act?

an act that clarifies and corrects flaws in the Equal Pay Act. It states that the 180-day filing limit starts with each recent check under which discrimination is occurring, to prevent ppl filing lawsuits years later against a company

define job specification

describes the minimum qualifications a person must have to perform a job successfully

in addition to reversing discrimination, what does affirmative action try to enforce?

eliminating quotas b/c you can't reserve positions for minorities with less qualifications b/c you'd be discriminating against qualified non-minority candidates

what are the overtime requirements?

employers have to pay employees if they worked 40 or more hours a week

define development

forward-looking process in which managers develop skills in an employee to improve in their job and do more like taking more responsibilities in a higher-paying job

define orientation

helping the newcomer fit smoothly into the job and organization

what is the HRM process?

hrm planning recruitment/downsizing selecting employees orientation training performance appraisals compensation/benefits safety/health

what is the civil rights act of 1964, title 7

huge point in civil rights history and how managers deal w/ employees in the workplace it prohibits discrimination of race, sex, sexual orientation/identification, color, national origin, religion (was edited to support LGBTQ in 2020)

why is there disparity in pay gap or glass ceiling?

it has to do with opportunities that different races/genders have in access to high-paying jobs

what is affirmative action and what is its purpose?

it's more than EEO; it wants to eliminate both discrimination and present effects of past discrimination. it states employers have to take active efforts to improve opportunities for people who have been discriminated in the past

define right-to-work laws

laws that prohibit employees from being required to join a union as a condition of employment

how do we determine if discrimination still exists?

look at statistics in pay gap and glass ceiling

what is the most important role of a manager?

managing employee performance

define collective bargaining

negotiations between management and employees about disputes over compensation, benefits, working conditions, and job security

define two-tier wage contracts

new employees are paid less or receive lesser benefits that veteran employees have

define nonexempt and exempt employees

nonexempt employees: receive overtime pay for any hours worked over 40 (wage workers/blue collar) exempt employees: exempt from overtime requirements. they only receive salary, no overtime pay (salary-based, white collar)

what's a key part in the orientation process that organizations don't include?

organizational socialization b/c not only should you introduce employees to the technical/procedural part of the org., but also the culture/values

define pay gap and glass ceiling

pay gap- looking if there's a gap in pay based on race/gender, correlating to disparity (not certain if discrimination) glass ceiling- has to do with promotion/position in organizations, not pay

what is the developmental performance appraisal?

process of evaluating employees strengths and weaknesses to figure out how to develop them into a better employee

define recruitment

process of locating and attracting qualified applicants for jobs open in the organization

define onboarding. how is it achieved?

programs that help employees to integrate and transition to new jobs by making them familiar with corporate policies, procedures, cultures, and politics it is achieved by clarifying work-role expectations and responsibilities

what do employers use in the selection process? define it and its purpose

selection tests: a test that helps predict which of candidates could an org. hire to be the best person for the job purpose is to predict job performance

define behaviors performance appraisals and the method they use for it

shows which behaviors exhibits the levels of performance on a trait using B.A.R.S (Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales), which is a scoring scale attached to an observable behavior

what is the Equal Pay Act?

states equal pay for equal work regarding gender only

define job description

summarizes what the holder of a job does and how or why he/she does it

define results performance appraisals and what method is good for it

the best type of performance appraisal, showing management the results of employee's performance. MBO is good for this b/c it's results-based

what is Equal Employment Opportunity (under Comply With Laws HRM objective)?

the concept that all individuals have equal treatment in all employee-related decisions

what is BFOG (Bona Fide Occupational Qualification)? define and give example

the idea you can disqualify a candidate based on a protected category(besides race) if it's reasonably necessary for the normal operation of your organization ex: Hooters only hires female waitresses

define succession planning

the process of identifying critical roles or skills in the org. and then identifying/developing ppl to fulfill those roles

define selection

the screening of job applicants to hire the best candidate

what's an overall fact about all these laws?

they're all written with good intent, but almost all of them have flaws

define job analysis

to determine, by observation and analysis, the basic elements of a job

what is HRM's expertise?

to help keep organizing compliant to employment laws

define training

training an employee w/ the skills and knowledge they need to do a job

what are the 3 types of performance appraisals?

traits behaviors results

how do you make sure selection tests are accurate? define the term

validity: how you measure whether a selection test is a good predictor or not (you want high validity)

what is used in the developmental performance appraisal?

"360 degree": a tool used when an employee is evaluated by more than just their manager- peers, subordinates, etc.

what tool is used for adverse impact discrimination? define it and give example on how it's used

"4/5th Rule": helps to evaluate if adverse impact discrimination has occurred example: out of 100 males, 60 hired. out of 100 equally qualified females, 20 hired. why? male decision rate = .60 --> 80% of .60 = .48 if 48 females hired out of 100, then there's no discrimination. if less than 48 hired, then there's "prima facia evidence" of adverse impact discrimination.

what did the fair labor standards act establish?

-an act establishing two employee categories: nonexempt/exempt -establishing overtime requirements -minimum wage -provisions limiting child labor

what are the 3 purposes of performance appraisals?

1. accountability 2. administrative 3. developmental

what are the objectives of HRM?

1. assure organization is appropriately staffed with right amount of workers and workers w/ the right skills 2. assist in optimizing organizational effectiveness by ensuring employees have the necessary skills/abilities and equal opportunity 3. comply with laws by keeping theorganization compliant to employment laws

what are some other employment legislations? define them

Age Discrimination Act: prohibits discrimination on basis of age (over age 40) Americans w/ Disabilities Act: to protect employees from losing their job if they have a disability Family Medical Leave Act: employers provide employees with job-protected and unpaid leave for qualified medical/family reasons Occupational Safety and Health Act: to ensure safe and healthy working conditions for workers

what are the two definitions of discrimination? describe them

Disparate Treatment: intentional discrimination Adverse Impact: not intentional discrimination, but it results in a disproportionate amount of protected categories in the civil rights act that aren't given equal opportunity in employment decisions

define EEOC

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission: the legal body that ensures EEO happens. employees go to EEOC if they feel like they're not being given equal opportunity

what is consisted in employment planning?

HRM planning, recruitment/downsizing, and selecting employees