MIS exam 1, chapter 3

CIO

(chief info officer). part of strategic management support. responsible for overseeing every aspect of an organizations information resource.

CPO

(chief privacy officer) responsible for ensuring that info is sued in an ethical way and that only the right people with have access. part of strategic management support

CRUD

Create. Read. Update. Delete.

Application generation subsystem

Important software components. contains facilities to help you develop transaction intensive applications. most often used by IT specialists

Data administration subsystem

Important software components. helps you manage the overall database environment by providing facilities for backup and recovery, security management, query optimization, concurrency control, and change management. most often used by data administrator or database administrator- someone responsible for assuring the database meets entire info needs of an organization.

change management facilities

allow you to assess impact of proposed structural changes to a database

data warehouses support

decision making, not transaction processing

information in a data warehouse

is multidimensional, they contain layers of columns and rows, layers represent information according to different dimensions. this multidimensional representation of information is referred to as a hypercube

analytics life cycle

used in data warehouse. first interview the decision maker to see what key performance indicators need to be present in report, then find out data needed to generate the KPI, then a process called ETL (extraction, transformation, loading)

CSO

(chief security officer) responsible for technical aspects of ensuring the security of info such as development and use of firewalls, intranets, etranets, and anti virus software. part of strategic management support.

loading

third step in analytics life cycle. Loading the transformed data into a data warehouse

DBMS engine

very important software component, accepts logical requests from various other DBMS subsystem, converts them into their physical equivalent, accesses the database and data dictionary as they exist on a storage device Physical view- info is physically arranged, stored, and accessed on some type of storage device such as a hard disk Logical view- focuses on how you as a knowledge worker need to arrange and access info to meet your particular business needs

CTO

(chief technology officer) oversees both underlying IT infrastructure within an organization and the user facing technologies. part of strategic management support

extraction

first step in analytics life cycle. Extracting needed data from its sources

relational database

uses a series of logically related two dimensional tables or files to store info in the form of database, organize and access info according to logical structure. Two distinct parts - the information itself- stored in a series of two dimensional tables, files, relations and the logical uses a series of logically related two dimensional tables or files to store info in the form of database, organize and access info according to logical structure of the information

Five important software components

DBMS engine, Data definition subsystem, data manipulation subsystem, application generation subsystem, data administration subsystem

Structured query language

Part of Data manipulation subsystem. a standardized fourth generation query language found in most DBMS. Select from where.

Query by example tools

Part of Data manipulation subsystem. help you graphically design the answer to a question

Recovery

Part of data admin subsystem. the process of reinstalling the backup info in the event the info was lost ( business continuity planning or disaster recovery planning)

Report generators

Part of data manipulation subsystem. help you quickly define formats of reports and what info you want to see in a report

digital dashboard

Used in data warehouse. displays key info gathered from several sources on a computer screen in format tailored to needs and wants of an individual knowledge worker

multidimensional analysis tools

Used in data warehouse. slice and dice techniques that allow you to view multidimensional info from different perspectives

database

a collection of information that you organize and access according to the logical structure of that information

database warehouse

a special form of a database that contains information gathered from operational databases for the purpose of supporting decision making tasks

security management facilities

allow you to control who has access to what information and what type of access those people have. who can perform those functions on various database information is vitally important. CRUD

Business intelligence

collective information about your customers your competitors, your business partners, your competitive environment, your own internal operations- that gives you the ability to make effective important and often strategic business decisions

data dictionary

contains logical structure for the information in a database

primary key

field or group that uniquely describes each record

Database management system (DBMS)

helps you specify the logical organization for a database and access and use the info within a database

Data warehouse

logical collection of information gathered from many different operational databases. used to create business intelligence that supports business analysis activities and decision making tasks. a fundamentally different way of thinking about organizing and managing information

concurrency control facilities

part of data admin subsystem. ensure the validity of database updates when multiple users attempt to access and change the same information.

reorganization facilities

part of data admin subsystem. maintain stats concerning how DBMS engine physically accesses information and reorganizes how information is physically stored.

query optimization facilities

part of data admin subsystem. often take queries from users and restructure them to minimize response times. form shortest route to the information you want so you don't have to. page 78

backup and recovery facilities

part of data admin subsystem. provide a way for you to periodically back up information and restart or recover a database and its information is case of a failure

Backup

part of data administration subsystem. copy of info stored on a computer

a view

part of data manipulation subsystem. allows you to see contents of a database file, make whatever changes you want, sorting and query

Foreign key

primary key of one file that appears in another file, essential in relational database model

Most popular database model

relational database model

Integrity constraints

rules that help ensure the quality of the information, developed when you define the logical structure of info

transformation

second step in analytics life cycle. Transforming the data into standardized format

Data manipulation subsystem

software component. helps add, change and delete information in a database and query it for valuable information

Data definition subsystem

software components. helps you create and maintain the data dictionary and define the structure of the files in a database

Data mining tools

software tools you use to query info in a data warehouse

Data mart

subset of data warehouse only focused portion of the data warehouse info is kept

database administration

tactical level. function in an organization that is responsible for the more technical and operational aspects of managing the info contained in organizational info repositories

data administration

tactical level. function that plans for, oversees the development of and monitors the into resource

Online transaction processing (OLTP)

the gathering of input information processing that information and updating existing information to reflect the gathered and processed information. Databases that support OLTP are most often referred to as operational databases. Online analytical processing (OLAP)- manipulation of information to support decision making.

Analytics

the science of fact based decision making, analytics is a growing field of study, research and career opportunities that focuses on the integrated use of technology tools and statistical techniques to create real time high quality fact based business intelligence in support of decision making

artificial intelligence

used in Data warehouse. tools such as neural networks and fuzzy logical to form information discovery

Key performance indicators

used in data warehouse. most essential and important quantifiable measures used in analytics initiatives to monitor success of a business

query and reporting tools

used in data warehouse. similar to QBE tools, report generators in the typical database environment