MIS exam 1, chapter 3
CIO
(chief info officer). part of strategic management support. responsible for overseeing every aspect of an organizations information resource.
CPO
(chief privacy officer) responsible for ensuring that info is sued in an ethical way and that only the right people with have access. part of strategic management support
CRUD
Create. Read. Update. Delete.
Application generation subsystem
Important software components. contains facilities to help you develop transaction intensive applications. most often used by IT specialists
Data administration subsystem
Important software components. helps you manage the overall database environment by providing facilities for backup and recovery, security management, query optimization, concurrency control, and change management. most often used by data administrator or database administrator- someone responsible for assuring the database meets entire info needs of an organization.
change management facilities
allow you to assess impact of proposed structural changes to a database
data warehouses support
decision making, not transaction processing
information in a data warehouse
is multidimensional, they contain layers of columns and rows, layers represent information according to different dimensions. this multidimensional representation of information is referred to as a hypercube
analytics life cycle
used in data warehouse. first interview the decision maker to see what key performance indicators need to be present in report, then find out data needed to generate the KPI, then a process called ETL (extraction, transformation, loading)
CSO
(chief security officer) responsible for technical aspects of ensuring the security of info such as development and use of firewalls, intranets, etranets, and anti virus software. part of strategic management support.
loading
third step in analytics life cycle. Loading the transformed data into a data warehouse
DBMS engine
very important software component, accepts logical requests from various other DBMS subsystem, converts them into their physical equivalent, accesses the database and data dictionary as they exist on a storage device Physical view- info is physically arranged, stored, and accessed on some type of storage device such as a hard disk Logical view- focuses on how you as a knowledge worker need to arrange and access info to meet your particular business needs
CTO
(chief technology officer) oversees both underlying IT infrastructure within an organization and the user facing technologies. part of strategic management support
extraction
first step in analytics life cycle. Extracting needed data from its sources
relational database
uses a series of logically related two dimensional tables or files to store info in the form of database, organize and access info according to logical structure. Two distinct parts - the information itself- stored in a series of two dimensional tables, files, relations and the logical uses a series of logically related two dimensional tables or files to store info in the form of database, organize and access info according to logical structure of the information
Five important software components
DBMS engine, Data definition subsystem, data manipulation subsystem, application generation subsystem, data administration subsystem
Structured query language
Part of Data manipulation subsystem. a standardized fourth generation query language found in most DBMS. Select from where.
Query by example tools
Part of Data manipulation subsystem. help you graphically design the answer to a question
Recovery
Part of data admin subsystem. the process of reinstalling the backup info in the event the info was lost ( business continuity planning or disaster recovery planning)
Report generators
Part of data manipulation subsystem. help you quickly define formats of reports and what info you want to see in a report
digital dashboard
Used in data warehouse. displays key info gathered from several sources on a computer screen in format tailored to needs and wants of an individual knowledge worker
multidimensional analysis tools
Used in data warehouse. slice and dice techniques that allow you to view multidimensional info from different perspectives
database
a collection of information that you organize and access according to the logical structure of that information
database warehouse
a special form of a database that contains information gathered from operational databases for the purpose of supporting decision making tasks
security management facilities
allow you to control who has access to what information and what type of access those people have. who can perform those functions on various database information is vitally important. CRUD
Business intelligence
collective information about your customers your competitors, your business partners, your competitive environment, your own internal operations- that gives you the ability to make effective important and often strategic business decisions
data dictionary
contains logical structure for the information in a database
primary key
field or group that uniquely describes each record
Database management system (DBMS)
helps you specify the logical organization for a database and access and use the info within a database
Data warehouse
logical collection of information gathered from many different operational databases. used to create business intelligence that supports business analysis activities and decision making tasks. a fundamentally different way of thinking about organizing and managing information
concurrency control facilities
part of data admin subsystem. ensure the validity of database updates when multiple users attempt to access and change the same information.
reorganization facilities
part of data admin subsystem. maintain stats concerning how DBMS engine physically accesses information and reorganizes how information is physically stored.
query optimization facilities
part of data admin subsystem. often take queries from users and restructure them to minimize response times. form shortest route to the information you want so you don't have to. page 78
backup and recovery facilities
part of data admin subsystem. provide a way for you to periodically back up information and restart or recover a database and its information is case of a failure
Backup
part of data administration subsystem. copy of info stored on a computer
a view
part of data manipulation subsystem. allows you to see contents of a database file, make whatever changes you want, sorting and query
Foreign key
primary key of one file that appears in another file, essential in relational database model
Most popular database model
relational database model
Integrity constraints
rules that help ensure the quality of the information, developed when you define the logical structure of info
transformation
second step in analytics life cycle. Transforming the data into standardized format
Data manipulation subsystem
software component. helps add, change and delete information in a database and query it for valuable information
Data definition subsystem
software components. helps you create and maintain the data dictionary and define the structure of the files in a database
Data mining tools
software tools you use to query info in a data warehouse
Data mart
subset of data warehouse only focused portion of the data warehouse info is kept
database administration
tactical level. function in an organization that is responsible for the more technical and operational aspects of managing the info contained in organizational info repositories
data administration
tactical level. function that plans for, oversees the development of and monitors the into resource
Online transaction processing (OLTP)
the gathering of input information processing that information and updating existing information to reflect the gathered and processed information. Databases that support OLTP are most often referred to as operational databases. Online analytical processing (OLAP)- manipulation of information to support decision making.
Analytics
the science of fact based decision making, analytics is a growing field of study, research and career opportunities that focuses on the integrated use of technology tools and statistical techniques to create real time high quality fact based business intelligence in support of decision making
artificial intelligence
used in Data warehouse. tools such as neural networks and fuzzy logical to form information discovery
Key performance indicators
used in data warehouse. most essential and important quantifiable measures used in analytics initiatives to monitor success of a business
query and reporting tools
used in data warehouse. similar to QBE tools, report generators in the typical database environment