MKT 305 Final Exam
Brands that we closely link to our rituals are called ________ brands; once they become imbedded in our rituals we are unlikely to replace them.
fortress
All of the following are important components of social class EXCEPT for ________.
gender
A set of socially relevant nodes connected by one or more relations is called a social ________.
network
________ usually dictate what is right and wrong, acceptable or unacceptable.
norms
Culture is best described as a society's ________.
personality
Jim Smith, Don Carson, and Jeff Sweeney are all 54 years old, so they can be sorted into ________.
an age cohort
According to Pierre Bourdieu, people's taste regarding entertainment and the arts serves as a status-making force or ________ that causes consumption preferences to cluster together.
habitus
Japan is a very tightly knit culture with rich history and social identification. In this culture, people tend to infer meanings that go beyond the spoken word. This classifies Japan as a ________ culture.
high-context
A tendency for people to marry in a social class similar to their own is called ________.
homogamy
Anna and David both have the same college degree, belong to the same social class, and attend the same church. This situation illustrates ________.
homophily
Which functional area of culture is most closely related to the idea of a common worldview?
ideology
One percenters are an example of ________.
income inequality
cultural system
interaction of different elements of culture.
sacralization
involved the establishment of a hierarchy of cultural products and spaces
All of the following are subsystems in a culture production system EXCEPT a ________ subsystem.
marketing
________ is a myth that explains the origins of existence.
metaphysical
negative WOM
more emotional in nature, is associated with dissatisfaction and is almost twice as likely to influence the receiver's opinion of the firm.
A nuclear family consists of ________.
a mother, a father, and at least one child
monomorphic (opinion leaders)
a person that is an opinion leader in one field may be a follower in another field
The Fashion System
concept that embraces not only the business of fashion but also the art and craft of fashion, and not only production but also consumption
cultural movement
identifying a powerful idea on the rise in culture; then add value through innovative marketing and social media
________ refers to the strategy of getting visitors to a Web site to forward information on the site of their friends in order to make more consumers aware of a product.
viral marketing
Consumers who buy everything in sight are called ________.
spendthrifts
A ________ is defined as a group whose members share beliefs and common experiences that set them apart from others.
subculture
"big three" American ethnic subcultures
African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Asian Americans
________ group members tend to be tightly knit, and they infer meaning that goes beyond the spoken word.
High-content culture
The pressure to conform that escalates as more and more group members "cave in" is called ________.
bandwagon
The systematic acquisition of a particular object or set of objects is called ________.
collecting
Marketing to different religions
companies have to be scrupulous and almost methodical with how they target customers, to avoid segregation of potential clients and also to provide maximum affect to influence them to purchase their product
John Jones purchases products to show visible evidence of his ability to afford luxury goods, John is practicing ________.
conspicuous consumption
It is quite common for mainstream culture to modify symbols identified with "cutting edge" subcultures and present these to a larger audience. Such cultural products undergo a process of ________, by which their original meanings are transformed by outsiders.
cooptation
Money available to a household over and above what is required to have a comfortable standard of living is called ________.
discretionary income
A(n) ________ is an actual or imaginary individual or group conceived of having significant relevance upon an individual's evaluations, aspirations, or behavior.
reference group
In general, advertising is more effective when it ________ than when it ________.
reinforces our existing product preferences; tries to create new product preferences
profane consumption
related to events that are a part of everyday life
sacred consumption
related to special events that are out of the ordinary (e.g., holidays, rites of passage, religious events)
The lack of marketing information about religion is primarily due to ________.
religion being somewhat of a taboo subject among researchers
A set of multiple symbolic behaviors that occur in a fixed sequence and tend to be repeated is called a ________.
ritual
Wedding rice, birthday candles, and diplomas are considered ________.
ritual artifacts
high culture
set of cultural products held in the highest esteem by a culture
When a Rolls-Royce, a Cartier diamond, and an Andy Warhol painting are bought and displayed as markers of social class, they are ________.
status symbols
Meagan is planning her wedding and wants everything to be just right. Because she feels overwhelmed by all of the information to sort through and the choices to make, she hires a wedding planner to make many of the decisions and purchases for her. Meagan's wedding planner is best described as a(n) ________.
surrogate consumer
global consumer culture
system in which consumption, a set of behaviors found in all times and places, is dominated by the consumption of commercial products.
When people are differentiated in terms of their aesthetic and intellectual preferences, a ________ is being applied.
taste culture
An extended family unit is characterized by ________ living together.
three generations of a family
polymorphic (opinion leaders)
able to influence others in a broad range of domains
The process of movement and adaption to one country's cultural environment by a person from another country is called ________.
acculturation
People and institutions that teach the ways of a culture are called ________.
acculturation agents
A component of a person's subculture is ________.
all of the above
Which term refers to exchanges of resources, information, or influence among members of networks?
flows
low culture
less well-educated or the masses, encompassing such things as gossip magazines, reality television, popular music, yellow journalism, escapist fiction, and camp
Individuals with the ability to influence others' attributes or behaviors are considered ________.
opinion leaders
The ability of a person to pass from one social class to another is called ________.
social mobility
buzz building/marketing
viral marketing technique that is focused on maximizing the word-of-mouth potential of a particular campaign or product, whether that is through conversations among consumers' family and friends or larger scale discussions on social media platforms.
Sophie tells Nick about a great new restaurant. Sophie is practicing ________.
word-of-mouth communication