Mock Exam

The intervertebral foramina of the cervical spine are demonstrated on which of the following projections? 1. AP axial 2. AP axial oblique 3. PA axial oblique

2 and 3

The primary structures shown when demonstrating the elbow using the Coyle method are the: 1. coracoid process 2. coronoid process 3. radial head

2 and 3

Which of the following is true regarding the lateral projection of the nasal bones? 1.) the midsagittal plane is perpendicular to the IR 2.) both sides are done for comparison 3.) the interpupillary line is perpendicular to the IR

2 and 3

Which projection of the lumbar spine displays the vertebrae in the form of a "Scottie dog"? 1. Lateral 2. AP oblique 3. PA oblique

2 and 3

The central ray and center of the IR position for a lateral projection of the skull is:

2 inches above the EAM

When the preferred baseline is in position for the routine Towne method, the central ray enters approximately _____________.

2.5 inches above the glabella

If the IR and wrist are placed flat on the table for the PA axial projection of the wrist (Stecher method), the central ray must be angled _____ degrees.

20

When performing an AP pelvic outlet, what is the central ray angle for a male?

20-35 degrees cephalic

The central-ray angulation for the Gaynor-Hart method is _____ degrees toward the palm of the hand.

25 - 30

How many degrees is the body rotated for the AP oblique projection of the sacroiliac joint?

25 to 30

What is the central-ray angulation for the axiolateral projection of the TMJ?

25-30 degrees caudad

Where is the central ray positioned for a lateral coccyx?

3.5 inches posterior to ASIS and 2 inches inferior to ASIS

For an AP oblique projection of the foot in either medial or lateral rotation, the plantar surface of the foot should form an angle of:

30 degrees

How much is the patient rotated from the supine for an AP oblique projection of the urinary system?

30 degrees

The axiolateral oblique projection is used to demonstrate the mandible. How is the head positioned to demonstrate the body of the mandible?

30 degrees toward the IR

What is the central-ray angulation for the PA axial projection of the large intestine?

30 to 40 degrees caudad

The central-ray angulation for the AP axial projection of the large intestine is:

30 to 40 degrees cephalad

When performing one rescuer CPR on an adult, what is the ratio of compressions to ventilations?

30:2

How many degrees is the body rotated for the AP oblique projection (Grashey method) of the shoulder joint?

35 to 45 degrees toward the affected side

For the Waters method, the orbitomeatal line is placed at what angle to the IR?

37 degrees

If the infraorbitomeatal line is placed perpendicular to the IR during an AP axial (Towne) projection of the skull, how much is the central ray angled?

37 degrees caudad

How much is the body rotated for the PA oblique projection of the stomach and duodenum?

40-70 degrees

What is the minimum height required for hanging an IV to prevent blood from "backing-up" in a patient's IV tubing?

45 cm (18 inches) above the level of the vein

For the PA oblique projection (scapular Y) of the shoulder, the body is rotated so that the midcoronal plane is how many degrees from the IR?

45 to 60

Most grids used for mobile radiography have ratios of:

6:1 or 8:1

For the Merchant method, what SID is recommended?

72 inches

How is the central ray directed for the PA axial projection (Holmblad method)?How is the central ray directed for the PA axial projection (Holmblad method)?

Perpendicular to the lower leg

Which of the following projections of the wrist requires the IR to be inclined toward the elbow at an angle of 20 degrees from horizontal?

Axial (Stecher Method)

Does not traverse through the entire bone; most common in children; Types include Torus fx-the buckle of the cortex and Greenstick fx-fractured on one side only, the other side of the bone is bent

Incomplete

The ankle mortise is best demonstrated on which of the following positions/projections of the ankle?

Internal oblique

Which of the following is not seen on the lateral projection of the cervical spine?

Intervertebral foramina

What is the preferred exam sequence for a patient scheduled for the following studies: Lower GI, Upper GI, IVU, KUB?

KUB, IVU, Lower GI, Upper GI

What position listed below will be successful in demonstrating the presence of "Spondylolisthesis" in a patient?

L5-S1 Spot

During a UGI, barium will usually be in the fundus of the stomach when the patient is placed in which position?

LPO

What position listed below will be successful in demonstrating the radial head free from superimposition of the proximal ulna?

Lateral Oblique Elbow

In which projection of the sesamoid bones is the patient prone?

Lewis method

Breakage running parallel with the long axis of the bone; usually found in the skull

Linear

When a patient is injured due to error caused by the

Malpractice

What method is pictured in the image below?

Merchant

The slipping of either part of a fractured bone past theother

Overriding

Which method of examining the skull will demonstrate the petrous ridges in lower 1/3 of the orbits?

PA axial, Caldwell

For a properly positioned Waters view of the facial bones, which of the following should be demonstrated?

Petrous ridges completely below the maxillary sinuses

Which of the following is a proper evaluation technique for a PA Caldwell projection of the skull?

Petrous ridges located in the lower third of the orbits

When performing an AP projection of the thoracic spine, one may use the anode heel effect to advantage by aligning the patient so that the upper thoracic vertebra are:

Placed toward the anode end of the radiographic tube

Which of the following is a contraindication for a barium GI study?

Possible perforated bowel

Letter A indicates the __________ on this oblique hand radiograph.

Proximal phalanx of the third digit

A patient unable to assume an LPO as part of a lumbar spine routine may be placed in a _______ position to yield a comparable image.

RAO

Which PA oblique projection is preferred for post-fluoroscopic radiography of the esophagus?

RAO

When imaging the colon, which patient position will best demonstrate the left colic flexure?

RPO

What is the most common location for an aspirated foreign body?

Right side of bronchial tree

Where is the IR centered for a PA oblique sternum?

Seventh thoracic vertebra

Which ribs are demonstrated on an AP oblique projection?

Side closest to the IR

Select the name of the bone listed below that does not make up part of the adult appendicular skeleton.

Zygoma

Which of the following planes is positioned to the center of the grid for the lateral projection of the stomach and duodenum?

a plane passing midway between the midcoronal plane and the anterior surface of the abdomen

List the normal rates for adults, children, and infants for the following:

a.Pulse-Adults = 60-100 ; Children = 90-100; Infants = 80-120 b.Blood pressure-Adults = 110-140 Systolic, 60-80 diastolic; Children= 70-112 systolic, 26-70 diastolic; Infants = 60-105 systolic, 22-60 diastolic c.Respiration-Adults = 12-20 per min; Children = 30-60 per min

The landmark identified in the figure below is the:

acanthion

A Swan-Ganz catheter is a(n):

angio catheter

The central ray is directed to which of the following for an AP or AP axial projection of the foot?

base of the third metatarsal

Performing a radiographic procedure on the wrong patient could result in which of the following violations by the radiographer?

battery

Identify the type of contrast agent below that will be successful in decreasing the subject receptor exposure of the part effected by the agent.

carbon dioxide

"Oblique" positions are always named according to the side of the patient that is:

closest to the IR

Negative contrast agents cause subject receptor exposure to _______________ and radiographic receptor exposure to _________________.

decrease; increase

What route of transmission of infection is characterized by the host being touched by an infected person?

direct contact

The destruction of pathogens by using chemical materials is called:

disinfection

For PA oblique projections of the chest, the side of interest is generally the side _____ the IR.

farther from

The intervertebral foramina of the thoracic spine are clearly demonstrated on which projection?

lateral

The single most valuable projection in instances of spinal cord injuries is the ____________.

lateral c-spine

Where is the central ray directed for a lateral thoracic spine?

level of T7

When performing a portable AP chest, the central ray should be perpendicular to the:

long axis of sternum

The sinus identified in the figure below is the:

maxillary

Trauma patients may arrive in the radiology department with their head mobilized. A reverse Waters method can always be performed on these patients by adjusting the central ray parallel to the:

mentomeatal line

The topographic line shown in the figure below is the:

orbitomeatal line

Which of the following is perpendicular to the plane of the IR for a Caldwell projection of the skull?

orbitomeatal line

For the AP projection of the elbow, the humeral epicondyles are:

parallel to the IR

The bone indicated in the figure below is the:

parietal

The "eye" of the Scottie dog on an AP oblique projection of the lumbar spine is:

pedicle

A patient comes in the emergency department on a stretcher and unconscious. The doctor orders a chest radiograph to check for free air or fluid. The patient cannot stand, so how will you get an image of the chest showing what the doctor needs to see?

perform a dorsal decubitus

For an AP projection of the shoulder with the humerus in internal rotation, the epicondyles of the humerus should be:

perpendicular to the plane of the IR

Which of the following must be projected below the maxillary sinuses for the Waters method of the sinuses?

petrous pyramids

For the Hughston method, the patient will be placed in the ____________ position.

prone

Which of the following types of isolation techniques would most likely be applied to a patient with a depressed immune system?

protective

Barium contrast agents are _____ .

radiopaque

In some radiography procedures involving the urinary system, the contrast medium is introduced against the normal flow. This is termed:

retrograde

For the PA projection of the wrist in ulnar deviation, the central ray is directed to the:

scaphoid

The normal respiratory rate for adults is:

15-20 per minute

The patient position and central ray method demonstrated in the figure below is the:

Camp-Coventry (Intercondylar fossa)

Patients who are having an examination of the paranasal sinuses should always be examined in the upright position to: 1.) demonstrate the presence or absence of fluid 2.) differentiate between fluid and other pathological conditions 3.) make it easier for the radiographer to position the patient

1 and 2

Which of the following is true regarding positioning for the Waters method? 1.) the orbitomeatal line forms a 37-degree angle with the plane of the IR 2.) the mentomeatal line is perpendicular to the IR plane 3.) the coronal plane is perpendicular to the IR plane

1 and 2

Which of the following is true regarding the lateral projection of the skull? 1.) the midsagittal plane of the head is parallel to the plane of the IR 2.) the interpupillary line is perpendicular to the IR 3.) the mentomeatal line is parallel with the bottom edge of the IR

1 and 2

Which of the following methods are used to demonstrate the intercondylar fossa? 1. Holmblad (PA axial) 2. Camp-Coventry (PA axial) 3. Settegast (tangential)

1 and 2

Which of the following techniques should be utilized to decrease radiation dose during scoliosis radiography? 1. Close collimation 2. Breast shields 3. AP projection instead of PA

1 and 2

Which of the following will be observed on a supine AP chest radiograph? 1. Clavicles projected higher 2. Lung fields appear shorter 3. All 12 ribs are seen

1 and 2

For an AP projection of the shoulder, the central ray should enter:

1 inch inferior to the coracoid process

For a lateral projection of the paranasal sinuses the central ray is directed:

1 inch posterior to the outer canthus

The radiologic technologist may initiate venipuncture and administer medications on the order of: 1.) any physician 2.) a registered nurse (RN) supervisor 3.) a radiologic technologist supervisor

1 only

According to federal regulations, the source-to-skin (SSD) distance during mobile radiography may not be less than _____ inches.

12

What is the normal adult value for blood pressure?

120/80

The central-ray angle for the PA axial (Caldwell) projection of the skull is:

15 degrees caudad

The central-ray angle for an AP axial projection of the sacrum is:

15 degrees cephalad

What is the central-ray angle for the PA axial oblique projection of the cervical spine?

15 to 20 degrees caudad

To demonstrate the ankle mortise, the leg and foot should be rotated medially by how many degrees?

15-20 degrees

Unless contraindicated, the lower limb and leg should be internally rotated for an axiolateral projection of the hip. How many degrees of rotation are required?

15-20 degrees

According to Merrill's, The central ray angle for an AP axial cervical spine is:

15-20 degrees cephalad

The threat of touching in an injurious manner

Assault

Which projection of the elbow best demonstrates the radial head free of superimposition of the ulna?

AP Oblique, lateral rotation

An unlawful touching of a person without consent

Battery

List and define 7 methods of sterilization.

Boiling-12 minutes Dry heat-1 to 6 hours at temps from 329-3380F Gas sterilization-used on electric, plastic, and rubber items Chemical-used on items that can't withstand heat Autoclaving-steam sterilization Ionizing radiation-used in commercial sterilization Microwaves/non-ionizing radiation-uses low-pressure steam and microwaves to produce hea

What is another name for the tangential projection of the patella? A. Camp-Coventry Method B. Settegast Method C. Sunrise

Both B and C

The image below shows a patient positioned for what method?

Béclère

For an AP oblique projection of the SI joints, which of the following is appropriate?

CR enters 1 inch medial to upside ASIS

Bone is splintered or crushed at the site of impact, resulting in two or more fragments

Comminuted

A fracture in which the bone protrude through the skin

Compound

Vertebral fracture where the vertebral body collapses or is compressed

Compressed

What is the proper term for a plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior sections?

Coronal Plane

Which of the following is not located on the distal humerus?

Coronoid process

Which of the following tarsal bones is located most lateral and distal?

Cuboid

Which of the following methods of imaging the hip is shown in the figure below?

Danelius-Miller Method

Fracture that causes skull to indent or extend into the brain cavity

Depressed

Which of the following is considered a hinge joint?

Elbow joint

Bleeding from the nose

Epistaxis

Which of the following positions/projeWhich of the following positions/projections of the shoulder will demonstrate the greater tubercle in the lateral profile?

External rotation

List and define 4 pathogens capable of producing disease.

Fomites-An inanimate object that has made contact with an infectious organismi.e. food, water, gloves, and equipment Vehicles-Transmission of an infectious agent that is indirect by means of a fomite that touches a person's body or is ingested i.e. coughing and sneezing on anobjectand someone touches the object Pathogens=Vectors-Typically an arthropod i.e. mosquito, flea, tick Nosocomial Infections-Hospital acquired infectio

What is the respiration phase for the AP projection of the ribs below the diaphragm?

Full expiration

When performing as part of an upper GI exam, the LPO position places barium in the _______ portion of the stomach.

Fundus

With the patient in the RAO position, air will be located in which of the following parts of the stomach?

Fundus

Which of the following are methods of sterilization:

Gas Chemicals Heat

The arrow is pointing to the ___________________ on this shoulder radiograph.

Greater tubercle

What is the single greatest patient indicator for the potential risk of contrast media reaction?

History of previous reaction

Which of the following are advantages of using an SID of 72 inches for chest radiography? I. decreased magnification of the heart II. better detail of the thoracic structures III. greater penetration of the mediastinum

I and II

Which of the following terms are used to describe x-ray "projections"? I. AP II. PA axial III. Supine

I and II

Which of the following terms are used to describe "body positions"? I. Upright II. Axial III. Prone

I and III

Which of the following radiographic procedures would require written informed consent?

IVU

One bone fragment is firmly driven into the other; commonly occur at distal or proximal ends of the femur

Impacted

Bones that are dislocated at the join

Subluxation

Fainting; Caused by loss of oxygenated blood to the brain

Syncope

As a radiographic landmark, the jugular notch is located at the level of

T2-3

For a PA projection of the hand, the central ray is directed to the:

Third MCP joint

Which intervertebral foramina are demonstrated on the PA axial oblique projection of the cervical spine?

Those closest to the IR

Which method of examining the skull is identified in the figure below?

Towne

Fracture is transverse at a near right angle to the long axis of the bone

Transverse

Which of the following is an x-ray "position"?

Trendelenberg

The radiographic landmark that is located at the level of L3-4 is the

Umbilicus

Sensation of loss of balance; Can be caused by a disease of the inner ear or the vestibular nerve

Vertigo

Identify the routes for transmission of diseases/infections:

fomites vectors nosocomial vehicles

Where is the IR centered for an AP axial cervical spine?

fourth cervical vertebra

A hiatal hernia occurs when a portion of the _______ of the stomach moves through the diaphramatic hiatus into the thoracic cavity.

fundus

Which of the following has no bearing on the type and volume of contrast media used on a particular patient?

gender

Which of the following will be shown "in profile" if the lower limbs are in correct position for an AP pelvis?

greater trochanters

"Urticaria" is the medical term for:

hives

What does the term "nosocomial infection"mean?

hospital acquired infection

Identify the types of fractures shown below: What type of fracture is letter A? What type of fracture is letter B? What type of fracture is letter C? What type of fracture is letter D?

impacted overriding transverse compound

The projection of the shoulder demonstrated below is the:

inferosuperior lateral (Lawrence)

For a SMV projection of the cranial base, the central ray should always be perpendicular to the:

infraorbitomeatal line

Which line should be placed parallel to the plane of the IR for the SMV projection of the cranial base?

infraorbitomeatal line

Which zygapophyseal joints are demonstrated on the AP oblique projection of the lumbar spine?

joints closest to the IR

Which intervertebral foramina and pedicles are demonstrated on as AP axial oblique projection of the cervical spine?

those farthest from the IR

When performing a Clements-Nakayama hip, the IR must be ______________.

tilted back 15 degrees

For children younger than one year, which is the modality of choice for imaging the pelvis or hips?

ultrasound

The articulations between the articular processes of the vertebral arches are called the:

zygapophyseal joints

Where is the central ray directed for an AP projection of the knee?

½ inch below the patellar apex