MOD 5 Nutrition

The post-exercise effect on one's metabolism may raise energy expenditure to a maximum ________.

15%

In general, weight-loss diets need to provide a minimum of ________ kcalories per day for men.

1500

What proportion of the U.S. adult population is considered overweight or obese?

70%

Underweight people expend so much energy adapting to a higher food intake at first that about ________ extra kcalories may be needed to gain a pound a week.

750

How is body mass index determined?

Dividing weight by height squared

Which of the following is a health result of losing excess body weight?

It lowers blood pressure.

Which of the following represents the most common eating disorder among men and women of any age?

Binge-eating disorder

Which of the following would not be considered a valid recommendation for accepting a healthy body weight?

Seek the advice of friends and the fashion industry for criteria regarding appearance and body size.

Imagine that, over time, an adult gains an extra 20 pounds of body weight. About how much of this weight gain is fat?

15 lbs

Signs of illness, diminished work capacity, and poor reproductive function become apparent when the BMI is below ________.

17

Imagine that an adult consumes 500 excess kcalories each day for two weeks. About how much weight would that person gain?

2 lbs

To prevent weight gains and support weight losses, one should add ________ minutes of moderately intense physical activity each week.

200-300

A less-preferred term for clinically severe obesity is ________.

morbid obesity

To maintain weight loss, one should aim to lose 10% of initial body weight in ________.

6 months

What is Prader-Willi syndrome?

A genetic disorder resulting in obesity

Which of the following factors lowers the BMR?

Aging

Which of the following has the most significant influence on the body's metabolic rate?

Amount of lean body tissue

You have just consumed a very large Thanksgiving meal, but still want a slice of pumpkin pie for dessert. What term best describes this state?

Appetite

What characterizes the eating pattern of people with bulimia nervosa?

Binge eating typically occurs after a period of strict dieting.

How is binge eating different from bulimia nervosa?

Binge-eaters rarely purge. Bulimics almost always purge.

Which statement accurately describes the energy measurement of foods?

Bomb calorimetry typically overstates the physiological fuel value.

Why are overweight or obese women at higher risk for cancer of the female reproductive system?

Excess body fat produces more estrogen, which may promote cancerous development.

Which statement accurately reflects the relationship between the speed at which one eats and weight management?

Faster eating correlates with higher BMI.

Why is appetite suppressed after intense exercise?

Glucose and fatty acids are abundant in the blood.

What is the first dietary objective when treating a patient with anorexia nervosa?

Stop weight loss

Which of the following reflects the importance of eating breakfast?

People who eat breakfast frequently have a lower BMI than those who avoid breakfast.

Which of the following defines the body's set point?

Point above which the body tends to lose weight and below which it tends to gain weight

Which energy-yielding nutrient is the most satiating?

Protein

An agent that causes vomiting is a/n ________

emetic

Which of the following best explains why the environment plays a role in obesity?

The gene pool has remained relatively unchanged, but obesity rates have been rising.

Why do fad diets appeal to so many Americans?

They ignore dietary recommendations and allow people to eat favorite foods freely.

Satiety determines ________.

how much time passes between meals

What term refers to fat stored within the abdominal cavity in association with the internal abdominal organs?

Visceral fat

Obesity has many causes and is a risk factor for many diseases; therefore, the best approach seems to be ________.

prevention

Ghrelin is secreted by cells in the ________.

stomach

A reputable weight-loss program will provide customers with honest predictions of success and ________.

will explain the associated risks

For overweight adults, a reasonable weight loss is ________.

½ to 2 pounds per week

Which of the following statements describes the thermic effect of foods (TEF)?

-TEF is estimated at 25% of energy intake. -TEF plus an increase in the metabolic rate due to overeating is called diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT). -A meal eaten all at once has a lower TEF than one spread out over hours. -TEF is higher for high-fat foods than for high-carbohydrate foods. -TEF must be considered when estimating energy expenditure because its contribution to total energy output is substantial.

Which of the following is not a metabolic activity?

Chewing food

Of the following, which is an example of a behavior modification technique for weight loss?

Download an app to keep a record of your eating and exercise habits.

What is the best meal-planning strategy for underweight people who desire to gain weight?

Drink more juice and milk.

How do environmental influences affect eating habits?

Foods that are accessible and convenient are eaten most.

Which of the following is a metabolic consequence of obesity that precedes type 2 diabetes?

Insulin resistance

Which term refers to a relatively new food practice that uses restrictive diets, ritualized eating patterns, and rigid food avoidance?

Orthorexia nervosa