Module 1, Unit 3

Refers to the type of architecture of your machine

32 bit vs. 64 bit

What has a simpler command-line interface, rather than a GUI (graphical user interface), to make it more secure and reliable?

A Server OS (operating system)

Each hardware component requires what to work?

A driver

What type of file is an OS is the main means of providing coordination of hardware components?

A driver (or device driver)

What is the interface between the user and computer referred to as?

A shell, GUI graphical user interface, or command line

An OS (operating system) that runs on a traditional desktop PC or laptop is called?

A workstation OS (operating system)

What is NOS (Network Operating System) or server OS (operating system)?

A workstation operating system designed to run on servers in business networks.

What is Enterprise Client?

A workstation operating system designed to work as a client in business networks.

What is Home Client?

A workstation operating system designed to work on a standalone or workgroup PCs and laptops in a home or small office.

What type of computing device(s) is macOS designed for installation on?

Desktop computers/workstations and laptops.

What is a typical use of a desktop virtualization that test software applications under different operating systems (OS) and resource constraints?

Development environment

This adds specific packages and interfaces to the generic Linux Kernel and provide different support options.

Distributions (Distros)

SUSE, Red Hat, Fedora, Debian, Ubuntu, and Mint are called ?

Distributions (distros)

A computer or appliance designed for a very specific function is called?

Embedded system

What are the three main sections that a workstation OS (operating system) can be divided into?

Enterprise client, Network Operating System, & Home Client

True or False: embedded OS (operating systems) can be changed ?

FALSE

True or False: you can uninstall a mobile device OS (operating system) and replace it with another OS (operating system)?

FALSE

True or False: most peripheral devices don't contain firmware.

FALSE, they do!

True or False: macOS can be supplied to ALL computers.

FALSE- macOS is only supplied with Apple built computers.

True or False: workstations, laptops, and servers does not use a type of firmware?

FALSE-they do use types of firmware.

True or False: Linux requires a graphical interface

FALSE: Linux does not require a graphical interface, though most distributions (distros) provide one.

True or False: Linux was developed as a fully closed source alternative to UNIX.

FALSE: Linux was developed as a fully open source alternative to UNIX.

True or False: since Apple iOS is a closed source operating system, that means that the code used to design the software is not kept confidential and can be modified by everyone.

FALSE: the iOS code is kept confidential and can not be modified by anyone but Apple.

True or False: Chrome OS cannot run apps developed for Android.

False: Chrome OS can run apps developed for Android.

In an embedded system, the embedded OS (operating system) acts as a ?

Firmware

Not designed to be continually changed. Can support infrequent updates.

Firmware

Most common interface that includes graphical representation like buttons and icons

GUI (graphical user interface)

Name some PC components that have their own firmware:

Graphics adapters, storage devices, & network controllers

A server OS (operating system) is likely to to include _____ to run network services and use different ____ to support more users.

Software packages, Licensing

What is an operating system installed under the virtual environment?

Guest Operating Systems

This can allow each client to run some basic peer-to-peer network services such as file sharing.

Home Client

What are some examples of an embedded OS (operating system)?

Home automation hubs, smart TVs, and gaming consoles.

What are the top 3 vendors producing end-user applications for Linux?

IBM, Sun/Oracle, & Novell

The OS (operating system) is responsible for ?

Identifying the components installed on a PC and loading drivers to enable the user to configure and use them.

Name some network devices that have their own firmware:

Internet routers & wireless access point

What is the interface between applications and hardware referred to as?

Kernel and device drivers (all hardware require drivers), utility applications, 32 bit vs 64 bit, or application compatibility

Chrome OS provides a minimal environment compared to windows-why?

Less chance of some other software application or hardware device driver interfering with the function of the browser.

Originally developed by Linus Torvalds, what was based on the UNIX operating system (OS)?

Linux

What operating system (OS) resulted in several versions over a 30 year span by various commercial, academic and not-for-profit organization?

Linux

What was invented by Linus Torvalds?

Linux

What is an example of an open source operating system?

Linux, Chromium, or Android

hypervisor (virtual machine monitor)

Manages the virtual machine environment and facilitates interactions with the host hardware and network.

What is the dominant commercial workstation operating system (OS) estimating to be installed on 90% of the world's desktop?

Microsoft Windows

Name some examples of a workstation OS (operation system).

Microsoft Windows, Apple OS X/macOS, Linus and Chrome OS.

Examples of commercial operating systems?

Microsoft Windows, Apple macOS, and Apple iOS

What OS (operating system) is designed for handheld devices, such as smartphones and tablets?

Mobile Device OS (operating system)

Android is a smartphone/tablet OS (operating system) developed by?

Open Handset Alliance, primarily driven by Google

The programming code used to design the software that is freely available is called?

Open source

You have to open a file located on a network server. What should be your first step?

Open the Network object from Explorer and locate the server (computer) hosting the file.

What is a typical use of a desktop virtualization when the host computers have been upgraded and software may not work well with the new operating system (OS)? In turn, causing you to download a virtual machine (VM) to download that software on to it.

Support legacy software applications

True or False: Linux be used as a desktop or a server OS (operating system)

TRUE

True or False: embedded systems are typically static environments.

TRUE

True or False: the number of operating systems is generally only restricted by hardware capacity on a Virtual Machine (guest operating system)?

TRUE

What function of an operating system is performed by the "shell"?

Provide an interface between the user and the computer

One of the basic functions of an OS (operating system)?

Provide interface between user and the computer

Embedded systems often use differently engineered platforms called?

Really Time Operating Systems (RTOS)

True or False: you can modify an embedded OS (operating system) by installing apps and games or add peripheral devices and configure network connectivity.

TRUE

True or False: you can uninstall a workstation OS (operating system) and replace it with another OS (operating system)?

TRUE

What is a typical use of a desktop virtualization that can be set up so that students can practice using a live operating system (OS) and software without impacting the production environment?

Training

True or False: Chrome OS was primarily developed to use web applications on Google specific laptops & PC (Chromebox) hardware.

True

What are the two main classes of hypervisor?

Type 1 (bare metal) is installed directly on the computer and interacts directly with its hardware and Type 2 runs as a software application within a host operating system. (Host operating system retains direct control of the hardware and the hypervisor must request use of it through the host OS).

What type of hypervisor is installed directly on the computer and interacts directly with its hardware?

Type 1 Hypervisor

A systems administrator uses a program that interacts directly with hardware to manage storage, network, and virtual machines. This program is an example of

Type 1 hypervisor

Which type of hypervisor runs as a software application within a host operating system?

Type 2 Hypervisor

Typically on newer motherboards, provides support for 64 bit CPU operation at boot. A full GUI & mouse operation at boot & better boot security. May also support booting in a legacy BIOS mode

UEFI (unified extensible firmware interface)

OS x and macOS were redeveloped from the kernel of another type of operating system called?

UNIX

What are examples of open source operating system?

UNIX, Linux, and Android

What is the technical term for a web address?

Uniform Resource Locator (URL). In fact, Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is now preferred in web standards documentation but URL is more widely known and used.

What is a typical use of a desktop virtualization called when you create a lab to analyze viruses, worms, and Trojans?

Virtual labs

What are some typical uses of desktop virtualization?

Virtual labs, support legacy software applications, development environment, & training

Multiple operating systems can be installed and ran simultaneously on a single computer is called

Virtualization

What is used on network servers to utilize the hardware more efficiently?

Virtualization

The heart of an operating system and controls all functions of hardware

kernel

Unlike iOS, it is an open-source OS (operating system) based on Linux

Android

What is also derived from UNIX (through macOS), and is also a closed source operating system?

Apple iOS

What are the principle mobile operating systems?

Apple iOS and Android

Industry standard firmware that operates the essential components of the PC. Ensures that the design of each manufacturer's motherboard is compatible.

BIOS (Basic input/output system)

What are the two types of PC firmware?

Basic input/output system (BIOS) and Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)

One fundamental difference between computer systems is the "size" of the instructions the _____ can process.

CPU-Computer Processing Unit

Derives from Linux, via an open source OS (operating system) called Chromium.

Chrome OS (operating system)

The user must purchase a license to install and use the OS software on a particular device is called?

Commercial OS (operation system)

Physical machine that provides the resources such as CPU and memory for the virtual environment

Computer

A virtual platform requires at least three components:

Computers, hypervisor, and guest operating systems (or virtual machines)

What key combination can you use to force the browser to ignore any locally cached files when refreshing a page?

Ctrl+F5

Name 03 server OS (operating system)?

Windows server, Linux, or UNIX