Motown Final

Jackson 5,

"ABC" (1970)

The Temptations,

"Ball of Confusion (That's What the World Is Today)"

First Jackson 5 recording with SteelTown Records

"Big Boy"

The Commodores,

"Brick House" (1977)

The Temptations,

"Cloud Nine" (1968)

Gladys Knight and the Pips,

"I Heard it Through the Grapevine" (1967)

Marvin Gaye,

"I Heard it Through the Grapevine" (1968)

Jackson 5,

"I Want You Back" (1969)

Marvin Gaye,

"Inner City Blues (Make Me Wanna Holler)" (1971)

Marvin Gaye, The Commodores,

"Let's Get it On" (1973)

Stevie Wonder,

"Living for the City" (1973)

Diana Ross and the Supremes,

"Love Child" (1968)

Marvin Gaye,

"Mercy Mercy Me (The Ecology)" (1971)

The Temptations

"Papa Was a Rollin' Stone" (1972)

The Undisputed Truth,

"Smiling Faces Sometimes" (1971)

Rick James,

"Super Freak" (1981)

Stevie Wonder,

"Superstition" (1972)

Edwin Starr,

"War" (1970)

Marvin Gaye,

"What's Going On?" (1971)

Stevie Wonder,

"You Haven't Done Nothin" (1974)

ABC

#1 on Soul Charts.

Robert Moog

(1934-2005) Keyboard, clavinet. All different types of sound. Inventor of the first synthesizer.

disco

A genre of dance music popular in the 1970's; the name is derived from discotheque" the main venue for the consumption of the music.

funk

A genre of music that became popular in the 1970's; the music blends soul, jazz, and R&B elements featuring strong rhythmic structures and de-emphasizing melody and harmony.

tape loop

A segment of magnetic tape that when played back creates CYCLIC PATTERNS OF PRERECORDED SOUND.

fill

A short musical passage, riff, or rhythmic sound which helps to sustain the listener's attention during a break between the phrases of a melody. Like IN the Air tonight, drums. Often drum fills.

LSD

Albert Hofmann (1906-2008) LSD-25 (Lysergic Acid Diethylamide). Made for people with psychiatric disorders. Still being used (like mushrooms) for terminally ill treatment. ) Intent was Mind expansion, effect on senses.

concept album

All the songs are connected in some way. Like Beatles "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts club band" and The Beach Boys Pet Sounds. Pink Floyd "The Wall". (check alice and wonderland?)Musical theme, lyrical theme, story line theme, etc.

"War"

Also recorded by Marvin Gaye, but Berry didn't want to release it. Back up sung by Undisputed truth.

Cry Baby, Vox Pedal

Another name for Wah-Wah pedal

Michael Jackson

Broke color barrier on MTV.

Norman Whitfield

Came to Motown at 19, Breakthrough with Hear it through the grapevine, comes to forefront of writing and production. Takes over for Smokey at producer with the temps. He recycled lots of material, different versions of the same song, successes.

Muddy Waters

Chess records singer, "Got my Mojo Workin" heyday of Chicago blues

Howlin' Wolf

Chess records singer. Country Blues morphs into urban blues. "Little Red Rooster".

Deek Richards

Co-wrote lots of songs for Jackson 5

The Corporation writing Group

Deke Richards, Alphonzo Mizell, Freddie Perren, Berry Gordy. The Corporation was mostly for the Jackson 5. Early 70's. Writing credits are "The Corporation".

mellotron

Depress the key plays a loop of tape inside. Not electronically generated sounds, but recorded versions. An electronic keyboard instrument featuring prerecorded sounds.

wah-wah

Effects device that modifies the spectral glide of the input, which mimics the sound of a human voice or the "plunger mute" of a jazz trumpet.

Gladys Knight and the Pips

Family band sang Heard it through the grapevine

Wattstax

Festival in Watts CA 8/20/1972. Stax put out huge money and talent, whole arena. Isaac hays, Richard Pryor, Jessie Jackson, A Woodstock for black community, LA and Soul music.

"Trouble Man"

Film score written by Gaye, Blaxploitation

Jackson 5

First band to get first four songs as big hits.

Frank Zappa

First person to perform with Wah Wah pedal.

bubblegum pop

Genre of pop music with an upbeat sound contrived and marketed to appeal to pre-teens and teenagers, produced in an assembly-line process, driven by producers, often using unknown singers.

Played with Ravi Shankir

George Harrison from Beatles

68 Billion

Gordy sold Motown to MCA records.

Barrette Strong Wrote

Heard it through the Grapevine

Brad Plunket

Invented Wah Wah Pedal

Beat Generation

Jack Kerouac, Allen Ginsberg, William Burroughs. White middle class, integrated jazz movement. Mostly on the coasts, New York and San Fran. Allen's poem "Howl" obscenity trial 1956. Jack wrote "On the Road". 1957. Burroughs "Naked Lunch" 1959.

You Haven't Done Nothing

Jackson sings back up. Presumably about Nixon.

Stax Records

Jim Steward and Estelle Axton - Started Record company Stax records, bro and sis. Al Bell 3/15/1940, worked as a gopher, then engineer, then board discission making. They sold the company to him.

Funkadelic

Large group, longer pieces on fm radio. Full albums rather than single. Longer music pieces. "Free your mind and your ass will follow".

fuzztone

Makes the sound kind of fuzzy

Malcolm Cecil

Malcolm Cecil 1937, Robert Margouleff. Tonto is the machine. Looks like science fiction. Modular synthasizor. Multi-components all put together.

Robert Margouleff

Malcolm Cecil 1937, Robert Margouleff. Tonto is the machine. Looks like science fiction. Modular synthasizor. Multi-components all put together.

First spoken world album at Motown

Martin Luther King's speech

Detroit Lions

Marvin Gaye trained with football.

Janice Hunter

Marvin Gaye's girlfriend

Tammi Terrell

Marvin Gaye's performing partner who collapsed on stage. Marvin didn't perform live for 4 years after that.

Obi Benson

Member of the four tops who wrote "What's going on".

Pippin

Motown Musical

The Commodores

Motown group was "The Mystics". Lionel Richie.

Four albums Tonto does with Wonder

Music of my mind, Talking Book, Innervisions, Fulfillingness' First Finale

Counter-culture

People going against the group, protests of Vietnam war, Racial segregation, civil rights movement. Also women's rights. Explorations of spiritual systems. Mystical, spiritual philosophy. Mind altering substances. Some legal and illegal. Sexual revolution.

counterculture

People going against the group, protests of Vietnam war, Racial segregation, civil rights movement. Also women's rights. Explorations of spiritual systems. Mystical, spiritual philosophy. Mind altering substances. Some legal and illegal. Sexual revolution.

Chess Records

Phil, Leonard, and Marshal Chess Record companies producing music at the same time as Motown. Also different since not black owned. Chess records was earlier than Motown. Leonard and Marshal were jewish immegrants, got involved in liquor. Opened a lounge, got to know clientele. Leonard chess decides to start a recording company with the acts from the lounge. 2120 S. Michigan Ave - their recording studio.

sitar

Plucked string instrument of Indian classical music - it is similar to a guitar, but has a longer neck, many resonating strings, moveable frets, and a distinctive bright timbre.

Cloud 9

Psychedelic Soul - Normal Whitfield embraced this from Sly and Family Stone

automatic double tracking (ADT)

Recording technique based on tape delay that achieves the effect of multi-tracking on a single track.

Diane Ross

Rumor that she discovered the Jackson 5.

distortion

Severe modification of timbre, usually by electronic means.

Walter Clyde Orange

Sings "Brick House" for The Commodores

What's Going On (Marvin Gaye)

Sold 100,000 copies in its first day.

Panning

Sound travels from one side to the other.

1 Million dollars

Stevie Wonder's back royalties

Eievets Rednow.

Stevie Wonder's psudonym

"Happy Birthday"

Stevie Wonder's song to get Martin Luther King's birthday into a holiday.

drone

Sustained note or chord that underlies an entire work.

Scat Singing

Technique of jazz singing, almost nonsense or Ella Fitzgerald example of scat singing.

super freak

Temptations sing in background.

TONTO

The Original New Timbral Orchestra. Timbre - color of the sound, instrument. Stevie had sounds in his head, worked with programers to make those sounds.

musique concrète

The compositional manipulation and arrangement of pre-recorded sounds from everyday life.

Golden World Records and Ric-Tic

Two recording companies acquired by Motown in L.A.

Wah wah named after

Wah wah Watson, trumpet player sound.

Rick James

Was in the Myna Birds, went AWOL.

Jackson 5

Won in talent competition singing "My Girl"

Ed Townsend

Wrote "Let's Get it On" as a spiritual song.

synthesizer

an electronic instrument capable of producing a wide range of sounds. Synthesizers may either imitate other instruments ("imitative synthesis") or generate new timbres. They can be played (controlled) via a variety of different input devices (including keyboards, music sequencers and instrument controllers).

(ADT)

automatic double tracking

hippies

born in 1940's. Baby boomers. Popular to reject your parent's values. Generation born in prosperity with time and money. Free time to explore. Preference for Rock and Folk music. Acid and marajuana. Free sexual liberation. Hippies comes from Hipster. Hipster was a hip person. Anti war, pro rights, pro civil, womens rights.

blaxploitation

films - a 70's film genre which featured stereotypical images of black urban life.

I want you back

first of four big hits.

Mickey Stevenson left Motown when

he asked for stock in company and Grody said No. He and wife Kim Weston Left.

Harvey Fuqua left Motown when

he divorced Gwen Gordy, left to RCA records.

Beans Bowles left Motown when

he was fired over local politics.

Booker T and the MG's

like the Funk Bros for Stax records

Cloud 9

might have been about drugs. First new member of the temptations - Dennis Edwards

Ravi Shankar

sitarHe brought the sitar to the west. Hailed as master of instrument, popularized in the west. Had mixed feelings about its use in psychedelic music, he didn't like the drugs. He became friendly with the Beatles.

Beatles

the British Invasion. The Beatles, Rolling Stones, 1964 - 1966.

Suzanne de Passe

was Gordy's assistant, she became head of motown productions - tv and movie. Gordy sold it to her. Renamed Depasse entertainment.