MS Ch 39 Male Reproductive

What discharge instruction is given to a patient after a prostectomy about voiding patterns after catheter removal?

"After the catheter is removed, dribbling of urine may occur for up to 6 months." After the catheter is removed, dribbling of urine may occur for up to 6 months. The problem usually will resolve. Perineal strengthening exercises help. After the catheter is removed, if the patient does not void within 6 hours, the health care provider is to be notified.

A patient is to undergo a digital rectal examination (DRE) of the prostate and a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test. What does the nurse inform the patient about these tests?

A PSA level above 10 ng/mL is associated with prostate cancer. The PSA test is used to screen the patient for prostate cancer and monitor the disease. PSA levels above 10 ng/mL are associated with prostate cancer. The patient must not ejaculate at least 24 hours before the PSA test to avoid a false-positive test. The DRE is performed after blood is drawn for the PSA test. PSA levels less than 4 ng/mL are normal.

The nurse is providing education to a 22-year-old man at his annual physical examination. The nurse should instruct the patient to perform his monthly testicular self-examination at what time?

After a warm bath Men should perform testicular self-examination monthly. The examination is best performed after a warm bath when the skin is smooth and relaxed. It is not necessary to empty the bladder before performing the examination.

A man with a diagnosis of testicular cancer is most likely to have a history of which condition?

An undescended testicle Testicular cancer occurs most commonly in men ages 15 to 40 and is the leading cause of cancer death in men 25 to 35 years of age. Men most at risk for testicular cancer are those who have had an undescended or partially descended testicle.

The patient presents to the emergency department with pelvic pain, recurrent urinary tract infections, and complaints of erectile dysfunction. The provider suspects prostatitis and has performed prostate massage to obtain a sample of prostate fluid. The nurse is aware that which condition is a life-threatening complication of prostate massage?

Bacteremia Massage of a prostate with a bacterial infection can lead to bacteremia. Respiratory depression, increased urine output, and bradycardia are not complications of prostate massage.

The nurse is assessing a patient who has been experiencing erectile dysfunction (ED). When the nurse is conducting the interview portion of the assessment, which components of the health history are most relevant to this condition?

Cardiovascular history A stroke may cause physiologic or psychological ED. The occurrence of mumps in young men has been associated with sterility. Bilateral testicular atrophy may occur secondary to mumps-related orchitis. A history of hepatitis is not a cause for erectile dysfunction.

The 22-year-old patient presents to the clinic complaining of scrotal pain and swelling. Closer examination reveals pain, swelling, and induration of the epididymis, pyuria, and a temperature of 103° F. The patient is diagnosed with epididymitis. The nurse anticipates beginning treatment for which causative organism?

Chlamydia trachomatis Epididymitis in men younger than age 35 is generally caused by C. trachomatis. N. gonorrhoeae, T. vaginalis, and S. aureus are not the major causes of epididymitis in this group.

A school nurse teaching a health class to adolescent males explains that spermatozoa become motile and fertile during the time they are stored in which male reproductive organ?

Epididymis The epididymis provides a reservoir where maturing spermatozoa become both motile and fertile. The vas deferens connects the epididymis to the prostate, and the prostate gland secretes a fluid that protects the sperm from the acidic environment of the vagina. The urethra is the passageway for both urine and semen.

Which clinical manifestation of prostate enlargement would the nurse consider when assessing a patient for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?

Manifestations are associated with lower urinary tract symptoms. Manifestations of BPH are mainly associated with symptoms of the lower urinary tract. The symptoms are usually gradual in onset and may not be noticed until prostatic enlargement has been present for some time because the bladder can compensate for a small amount of resistance to urine flow. Respiratory tract symptoms are not associated with BPH.

The community health nurse is teaching a health class to a group of young men. The nurse should educate them that which is the best way to detect testicular cancer early?

Monthly testicular self-examination (TSE) Monthly TSE is one method used to detect testicular cancer. An annual physical examination is advised, but this is not frequent enough to detect early changes caused by testicular cancer. Ultrasound is not routinely used to detect testicular cancer. A yearly DRE is useful for detecting prostatic changes associated with prostate cancer.

The community health nurse is working with men aged 15 to 40 years. Which preventive health service is most important for this demographic?

Monthly testicular self-examinations Men who are 15 to 40 years of age should be educated about, and encouraged to perform, monthly testicular self-examinations. Yearly DREs and PSA tests and regular colonoscopies are important for men after 50 years of age.

The nurse is assessing a 20 year old patient who was born with a partially descended testicle. What does the nurse tell the patient based on anticipated age-related changes of the reproductive system?

Perform a testicular self-examination The nurse should reinforce the need for regular testicular self-examination because this helps in the early detection of cancer. The patient should have a prostate examination or PSA test if he experiences bladder retention and dribbling urine. Kegel exercises help to strengthen pelvic muscles, reducing urinary incontinence.

A 28-year-old male patient has been diagnosed with acute epididymitis. Which symptom correlates with this diagnosis?

Severe tenderness and swelling in the scrotum Epididymitis is an inflammation of the epididymis and may result from an infection of the prostate or a urinary tract infection. The patient with epididymitis complains of groin pain plus swelling and pain in the scrotum. Burning and pain on urination as well as foul-smelling urine may be associated with a urinary tract infection or sexually transmitted infection (STI). Foul-smelling ejaculate may be associated with an STI.

A patient with a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of 12 ng/mL is prescribed a bone scan. What does the nurse explain to the patient as the purpose of this test?

To determine the extent of the cancer spread The patient with a PSA level of 12 ng/mL is likely to have prostate cancer. A bone scan is prescribed for this patient to determine the extent of the cancer spread. A kidney, ureter, and bladder (KUB) x-ray shows the abdominal structures and can detect associated disorders of the male or female reproductive systems. A computed tomography (CT) scan for reproductive system disorders can detect and evaluate masses and lymphatic enlargement from metastasis. This scan can differentiate solid tissue masses from cystic or hemorrhagic structures.

A patient underwent a testicular examination. Which finding would the nurse expect to be a cause for concern?

Undescended testis An undescended testis is a cause for concern; it is a major risk factor for testicular cancer and a potential cause of male infertility. Normal findings include absence of foreskin, left testis lower than the right testis, and presence of coarse pubic hair in a diamond-shaped pattern.

The nurse in the fertility clinic knows which male reproductive structure carries semen through the penis to the exterior?

Urethra The urethra functions in both urinary and reproductive systems; it conducts either urine or semen out of the body. The epididymis serves as an area for maturation, storage, and transportation of sperm. The ductus deferens are housed in the vas deferens for the transport of sperm. The ejaculatory duct connects the vas deferens to the urethra.

The nurse completes a nursing history on a patient diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia/hypertrophy (BPH). Which symptom is commonly experienced with the condition?

Waking up at night to urinate Waking up at night to urinate is a symptom of BPH. Grossly bloody urine, radiating pain, and erectile dysfunction are not symptoms of BPH.

The nurse learns the patient has been diagnosed with prostate cancer. The nurse knows which statement is true regarding the prognosis of prostate cancer?

With early detection, the probability of cure is high. With regular digital rectal examinations and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening, early detection is possible, which translates to a high probability of cure. There is a cure for prostate cancer. Aggressive treatment is not always necessary in order to cure prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is generally detected before it is in the metastatic stage.