MUSI 100 - Chapter 2

Augmentation dots

- Used to augment (increase) the duration of a note by adding it to a half note to create a sound that is three beats long - Duration increases by 50% or half the original

Why are ties used?

- Useful for connecting notes that are written in different measures - Sound can have the desired duration without exceeding the beat limit for the measure

Do not use half rests in _____ meters

3/4

Accidental

A symbol that alters the pitch of a note

Enharmonic keys

Sound the same but are notated differently There are 3 pairs of enharmonic major keys: 1. C-sharp = D-flat major 2. F-sharp = G-flat major 3. B = C-flat major

Adding a dot to a quarter note ...

increases a length of one beat by 50% and results in a note duration of 1 1/2

Tie

Combines two or more written durations into a single sound Ex: Two quarter notes (one beat each) will become one sound lasting two beats if connected with a tie symbol

If it's a tie, the pitch of the two notes being connected will be the ...

same

An accidental alteration is canceled by ...

the next barline or natural sign

Alteration indicated by an accidental applies for ...

the rest of the measure

Do not use a half rest beginning on beat ____ of a four-beat measure

two

Ties always connect ...

note-heads (NOT stems)

Half-step

- One step away in the chromatic scale - Smallest increment between pitches - There are 12

Anacrusis

- Also referred to as a pickup (measure, note or beat) - Are used when songs do not begin on the first beat of a measure

Rests

- Are used to indicate a definite period of silence in music - Just as with notes, type of rest symbol used indicates the duration of the silence

Types of rests

Eighth rest, Quarter rest, Half rest, Whole rest

Quarter rest

Lasts the same as a quarter note (1 beat)

Whole rest

Lasts the same as a whole note OR indicates an entire measure of rest in any meter (4 or ______ beats)

Eighth rest

Lasts the same as an eighth note (1/2 beat)

Double Flat (bb)

Lowers pitch two half steps

Flat (b)

Lowers the pitch one half step Ex: Bb is one half step lower than B

Diatonic

Notes are on different lines

Chromatic

Notes are on same lines

Syncopation

Occurs when an otherwise weak part of a measure or beat is emphasized

Sharp (#)

Raises the pitch one half step Ex: an F# is one half step higher than F

Double Sharp (x)

Raises the pitch two half steps

Types of accidentals

Sharp, Flat, Double Sharp, Double Flat

Whole-step

Two steps away in the chromatic scale

Accidental symbols always appears ...

before (to the left) of the note being modified

Sometimes ties will be used within a measure to ...

notate syncopated rhythms

Do not use dots with ...

rests (instead, combine two rests)